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Búcsúzás Zsinka András ny. r. altábornagytól

" } ["copyrightHolder"]=> array(1) { ["hu_HU"]=> string(13) "Janza Frigyes" } ["title"]=> array(1) { ["hu_HU"]=> string(50) "Búcsúzás Zsinka András ny. r. altábornagytól" } ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["authors"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(Author)#812 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(8567) ["email"]=> string(17) "janza@t-online.hu" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(6924) ["seq"]=> int(1) ["userGroupId"]=> int(150) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(0) "" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(5) "Janza" ["hu_HU"]=> string(5) "Janza" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(7) "Frigyes" ["hu_HU"]=> string(7) "Frigyes" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } ["keywords"]=> array(1) { ["hu_HU"]=> array(1) { [0]=> string(9) "nekrológ" } } ["subjects"]=> array(0) { } ["disciplines"]=> array(0) { } ["languages"]=> array(0) { } ["supportingAgencies"]=> array(0) { } ["galleys"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(ArticleGalley)#807 (7) { ["_submissionFile"]=> NULL ["_data"]=> array(9) { ["submissionFileId"]=> int(29258) ["id"]=> int(5469) ["isApproved"]=> bool(false) ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["label"]=> string(3) "PDF" ["publicationId"]=> int(6924) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["urlPath"]=> string(0) "" ["urlRemote"]=> string(0) "" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(true) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) }

object(Publication)#117 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(28) { ["id"]=> int(6678) ["accessStatus"]=> int(0) ["datePublished"]=> string(10) "2023-08-01" ["lastModified"]=> string(19) "2023-08-01 13:09:09" ["primaryContactId"]=> int(8252) ["sectionId"]=> int(88) ["seq"]=> int(1) ["submissionId"]=> int(6554) ["status"]=> int(3) ["version"]=> int(1) ["categoryIds"]=> array(0) { } ["citationsRaw"]=> string(3936) "Apóstolo, Joana – Martins, Rita – das Neves, Pedro (2020): Covid-19 Pandemic Response. Fighting the Invisible Threat in Prisons. IPS_Innovative Prison Systems. Online: https://rm.coe.int/covid19-ips-basic-guide-for-decision-makers-on-worldwide-practices-and/16809e0eba Council of Europe (2020a): Respecting Democracy, Rule of Law and Human Rights in the Framework of the Covid-19 Sanitary Crisis. Online: https://rm.coe.int/sg-inf-2020-11-respecting-democracyrule-of-law-and-human-rights-in-th/16809e1f40 Council of Europe (2020b): Follow-up Covid-19 Related Statement by the Council for Penological Co-operation Working Group. PC-CP (2020) 10./28.09.2020. Online: https://rm.coe.int/pc-cp-2020-10-e-follow-up-to-pc-cp-wg-statement-covid-19/16809fba60 Council of Europe (2020c): Recommendation Rec(2006)2-rev of the Committee of Ministers to Member States on the European Prison Rules. Online: https://rm.coe.int/09000016809ee581 Council of Europe (2020d): Follow-up Covid-19 related Statement by the Council for Penological Cooperation Working Group. PC-CP 10./14.10.2020. Online: https://rm.coe.int/pc-cp-2020-10-erev-follow-up-to-pc-cp-wg-statement-covid-19/16809ff484 CPT (2020): Statement of Principles Relating to the Treatment of Persons Deprived of Their Liberty in the Context of the Coronavirus Disease (Covid-19) Pandemic. European Committee for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment. Online: https://rm.coe.int/16809cfa4b IASC (2020): Interim Guidance. Covid-19: Focus on Persons Deprived of Their Liberty. Inter-Agency Standing Committee. Online: 11/IASC%20Interim%20Guidance%20on%20COVID-19%20- Kovács, Mihály (2021): Járványhelyzettel kapcsolatos fogvatartási stratégiák bemutatása, a védekezéssel és megelőzéssel kapcsolatosan végrehajtott feladatok és jó gyakorlatok tükrében – tanulmány. In „Kiemelten sikeres védekezés a koronavírus ellen – a büntetésvégrehajtási szervezet feladatai és jó gyakorlatai” belső pályázati anyag. BVOP. DOI: https://doi.org/10.38146/BSZ.SPEC.2021.5.3 Lippai, Zsolt – Kaczvinszki, Blanka (2021): A „másképp lesz holnap” ígérete. Belügyi Szemle, 69(2), 93–104. Online: https://doi.org/10.38146/BSZ.SPEC.2021.2.5 PRI (2020): Coronavirus: Healthcare and Human Rights of People in Prison. Penal Reform International. Online: https://cdn.penalreform.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/FINALBriefing-Coronavirus.pdf Sivadó, Máté (2014): Új kihívások a droghelyzet kezelésében itthon, Európában és a világban – kis alkohológiai kitekintéssel. In Gaál, Gyula – Hautzinger, Zoltán (eds.): Tanulmányok a „Biztonsági kockázatok – rendészeti válaszok” című tudományos konferenciáról. Pécsi Határőr Tudományos Közlemények, 15, 235–242. Sivadó, Máté – Lészkó, Éva (2018): Beszámoló egy kerekasztal beszélgetésről. In Czene-Polgár, Viktória – Zsámbokiné Ficskovszky, Ágnes (eds.): Innováció, elektronizáció, tudásmenedzsment. Budapest: Hungarian Law Enforcementtudományi Társaság Vámés Pénzügyőri Tagozata. 305–314. Tóth, Tamás (2020): A büntetés-végrehajtási szervezet sikeres védekezése a koronavírussal szemben. Belügyi Szemle, 68(10), 127-145. Online: https://doi.org/10.38146/BSZ.2020.10.6 United Nations (2020a): Advice provided by the Subcommittee to the National Preventive Mechanism of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland regarding compulsory quarantine for coronavirus (Covid-19 virus). Online: https://www.ohchr.org/Documents/HRBodies/OPCAT/NPM/CATOP9_E N.pdf United Nations (2020b): Advice of the Subcommittee to States parties and national preventive mechanisms relating to the coronavirus disease (Covid-19) pandemic. Online: https://undocs.org/CAT/OP/10 Vókó, György (2010): Bűnelkövetők jogkorlátozása jogállamban. MTA Doktori Értekezés. Budapest: Magyar Tudományos Akadémia." ["copyrightYear"]=> int(2023) ["issueId"]=> int(488) ["licenseUrl"]=> string(49) "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" ["pages"]=> string(5) "25-37" ["pub-id::doi"]=> string(20) "10.32577/mr.2023.1.1" ["abstract"]=> array(1) { ["en_US"]=> string(1575) "

The Covid-19 epidemic has put significant pressure on national penitentiary services all over the world to control the impacts that the pandemic has on closed prison environments. The prison services of the member states of the Council of Europe have responded with incredible speed and effectiveness with preventive and administrative measures to prevent the spread of the virus. The objective of the Council of Europe, EuroPris and other international organisations, was to support the member states’ responses to the situation in prisons by facilitating the exchange of information and best practices. The present study examines the statements and recommendations of the most important bodies and committees of the Council of Europe, in parallel with measures and solutions implemented in Hungary, in the light of international recommendations. The paper is based on a descriptive analysis of the Council of Europe expectations and recommendations and their applicability in the Hungarian prison system. Hungary has successfully processed and incorporated mostly all of the expectation of the international parties, in fact, he took further steps to make the pandemic’s outreached contacts of prisoners and relatives more colourful and active. Prevention and control measures adopted in timely manner were effective also in Hungary, as well in other Council of Europe member state. This study highlights the critical importance of fast and reasonable actions of international control bodies and the open and cooperative response of the national prison services.

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correctional maior, associate professor, senior lecturer

" ["hu_HU"]=> string(67) "

bv őrnagy, egyetemi docens, tudományos főmunkatárs 

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object(Publication)#802 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(29) { ["id"]=> int(6729) ["accessStatus"]=> int(0) ["datePublished"]=> string(10) "2023-08-01" ["lastModified"]=> string(19) "2023-08-01 13:09:08" ["primaryContactId"]=> int(8317) ["sectionId"]=> int(87) ["seq"]=> int(1) ["submissionId"]=> int(6605) ["status"]=> int(3) ["version"]=> int(1) ["categoryIds"]=> array(0) { } ["citationsRaw"]=> string(2323) "Act on Amending the Penal Code and other legislative acts of 13 June 2003. Online: https://isap.sejm.gov.pl/isap.nsf/DocDetails.xsp?id=WDU20031111061 Act on the Central Anti-Corruption Bureau of 9 June 2006. Online: https://www.fao.org/faolex/results/details/en/c/LEX-FAOC202608 Act on the Reimbursement of Medicines, Foodstuffs for Particular Nutritional Uses and Medical Devices of 12 May 2011. Online: https://isap.sejm.gov.pl/isap.nsf/DocDetails.xsp?id=wdu20111220696 Act on the Prevention of Corruption of Ukraine of 14 October 2014 (editorial from 10/26/2022). Online: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/1700-18#Text Chemerys, Ivan (2009): Foreign Experience of Combating Corruption in the Public Administration System. Strategic Priorities, 3(12), 110–118. Criminal Code of Ukraine – of 05 April 2001 (editorial from 10/26/2022). Online: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2341-14#n2583 Dobrowolski, Zbyslaw (2006): Analysis of Legal Regulations in the Aspect of Counteracting Corruption in Public Life. Studia Lubuskie, 2, 203–222. Iyer, Nigel – Samociuk, Marcin (2007): Fraud and Corruption. Prevention and Detection. Warsaw. Kharchenko, Vadym (2020): Criminal Law of Ukraine. General part. Kharkiv: Kharkiv National University of Internal Affairs. Kobylinska, Aleksandra – Makowski, Grzegorz (2012): Mechanisms of Counteracting Corruption in Poland. Warsaw. Kojder, Andrzej (2002): Corruption and Moral Sense of Poles. The Moral Condition of Polish Society. Cracow: WAM Publishing House. Konopelskyi, Viktor – Merkulova, Valentyna (2021): Criminal Law of Ukraine. General part: Manual. Odesa: OSUIA. Kubiak, Anna (2003): Public Opinion and Entrepreneurs on Corruption. Warsaw. Lewicka-Strzałecka, Anna (2007): Corruption and Trust. Annales. Ethics in Economic Life, 10(1), 211–219. Ploskonka, Jozef (2003): Corruption – Threats and Methods of Combating It. Empirical Research on the Level of Corruption. Służba Cywilna, 6, 112–129. Stawnicka, Jadwiga (2013): Corruption as a Social Pathology. Multidimensionality of Preventive Actions. Prevention in Public Space, 1. Szwejkowski, Lukasz (2013): Corruption. Selected Issues. Legionowo: Police Training Center. The Pharmaceutical Act of 6 September 2001. Online: https://isap.sejm.gov.pl/isap.nsf/download.xsp/WDU20011261381/U/D20011381Lj.pdf" ["copyrightYear"]=> int(2023) ["issueId"]=> int(488) ["licenseUrl"]=> string(49) "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" ["pages"]=> string(5) "39-48" ["pub-id::doi"]=> string(20) "10.32577/mr.2023.1.2" ["abstract"]=> array(1) { ["en_US"]=> string(2004) "

During the scientific research of any criminal-legal phenomenon or process, it is considered necessary to conduct an analysis of the origin of this phenomenon in a foreign country. This provides an opportunity not only to grasp the essence and understand the content of the subject of research, but also to develop effective countermeasures and borrow foreign experience. This becomes especially important in matters of combating corruption, when the criminal acts of officials reach not only domestic, but also international scales.
Scientists’ positions, as well as the provisions of the current legislation in Ukraine and the Republic of Poland concerning the definition of the criminal law provisions for liability for corruption offenses are being researched, which is made on the relevant differences regarding the legislative enactment of the concept of “corruption” and its definition in the criminal law theory. Accordingly, a comparative approach to the methods of legislative consolidation of anti-corruption provides an opportunity to understand the social conditioning of the emergence of this phenomenon.
Taking into account the integration processes in all spheres of life activity of society, the difference in the method of normative consolidation of actions forming such a phenomenon as corruption was revealed. This, in turn, not only indicates different forms of legislative fixation of the concept of the phenomenon, but also causes difficulties in the exchange of law enforcement practice, which causes a number of problems for both the relevant law enforcement agencies and ordinary citizens. A clear division and distinction between provisions on liability for corruption and corruption-related offenses was revealed.
Taking into account the position of the domestic criminal law doctrine, the analysis of the current Polish legislation provided an opportunity to formulate real options for borrowing foreign experience to solve the specified problems.

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In Halmai, Gábor (ed.): Személyi szabadság és tisztességes eljárás. Budapest: Indok Bt. 24–34. Hack, Péter (2010): A bírói függetlenség és számonkérhetőség. In Fleck, Zoltán (ed.): Igazságszolgáltatás a tudomány tükrében. Budapest: ELTE Eötvös Kiadó. Hack, Péter (2014): Az ügyészségről szóló 2011. évi CLXIII. törvény és a legfőbb ügyész, az ügyészek és más ügyészségi alkalmazottak jogállásáról és az ügyészi életpályáról szóló 2011. évi CLXIV. törvény. MTA Law Working Papers, (9), 1–12. Jármai, Tibor (2007): Gondolatok a bizonyítás egyes kérdéseiről. In Nagy, Ferenc (ed.): Ad Futuram Memoriam. Tanulmányok Cséka Ervin 85. születésnapja tiszteletére. Szeged: Pólay Elemér Alapítvány. Katona, Géza (1990): Valós vagy valótlan? Budapest: Közgazdasági és Jogi Könyvkiadó. Kovács, Tamás (2015): Kell-e nekünk vádalku. In Vókó, György (ed.): Tanulmányok Polt Péter 60. születésnapja tiszteletére. Budapest: HVG-ORAC Lap- és Könyvkiadó. 138–154. Kovácsy, György (2003): Büntetőperbeli bizonyítás a bűnügyi vizsgálati (nyomozó) munka tükrében. Budapest: Rejtjel Kiadó. Láng, László (2003): Nyomozásfelügyelet, nyomozásirányítás és kriminalisztika. Belügyi Szemle, 51(7–8), 19–30. Lichtenstein, András (2017): Az ügyészség és a nyomozó hatóság kapcsolata az új büntetőeljárási törvényben. In Keserű, Barna Arnold (ed.): Doktori Műhelytanulmányok. Győr: SZE-ÁJDI. 117–131. Lichtenstein, András (2018): A legalitás és az officialitás elvének jogirodalmi és joggyakorlati értelmezése. Forum: publicationes doctorandorum juridicorum, (8), 19‒32. Móra, Mihály (1960): A bizonyítás fogalma, tárgya és a bizonyítékok mérlegelése a büntetőeljárásban. Jogtudományi Közlöny, 15(12), 662–670. Nyeste, Péter (2019): A bűnügyi felderítés. In Nyeste, Péter – Szendrei, Ferenc (eds.): A bűnügyi hírszerzés kézikönyve. Budapest: Dialóg Campus. 85‒116. Nyiri, Sándor (2003): Az ügyészség és a nyomozó hatóságok kapcsolata a büntetőeljárásról szóló törvény hatálybalépése után. Belügyi Szemle, 51(7–8), 56–72. Nyiri, Sándor (2018): A nyomozó hatóságok és az ügyészség kapcsolata a büntető eljárásról szóló törvényben. Belügyi Szemle, 66(6), 5–16. Online: https://doi.org/10.38146/BSZ.2018.6.1 Polt, Péter (2018): A büntetőeljárási törvény újításainak várható hatásai. Belügyi Szemle, 66(9), 29‒38. Online: https://doi.org/10.38146/BSZ.2018.9.2 Szaktor, Roland György – Turi, András – Budaházi, Árpád (2022): Gondolatok a büntetőügyekben alkalmazható egyezségről. Belügyi Szemle, 70(6), 1157–1175. Online: https://doi.org/10.38146/BSZ.2022.6.2 Szendrei, Géza (2005): A magyar ügyészség évszázadai. Budapest: Rejtjel Kiadó. Tóth, Mihály (2017): A törvény alapvető rendelkezései. In Belovics, Ervin – Tóth, Mihály (eds.): Büntető eljárásjog. Harmadik, aktualizált kiadás. Az új, 2017. évi büntetőeljárási törvény tankönyve. Budapest: HVG-ORAC Lap-ésKönyvkiadó Kft. 45–63. Tóth, Mihály (2018): Néhány megjegyzés az új büntetőeljárási törvényhez. Belügyi Szemle, 66(3), 55–71. Online: https://doi.org/10.38146/BSZ.2018.3.4 Tóth, Mihály ed. (2010): Büntető eljárásjog. Budapest: HVG-ORAC Lap- és Könyvkiadó. Tremmel, Flórián (2006): Bizonyítékok a büntetőeljárásban. Budapest–Pécs: Dialóg Campus. Vókó, György (2006): Magyar büntetés-végrehajtási jog. Budapest–Pécs: Dialóg Campus. Legal sources Act CX of 2017 on the Code of Criminal Procedure (Be.). Hungarian Gazette, No. 99/2017. Act CLXIII of 2011 on the Public Prosecution Service (Ütv.). Hungarian Gazette, No. 211/2011. Act C of 2012 on the Criminal Code (Btk.). Hungarian Gazette, No. 92/2012. Decree No. 25/2013 (VI.24.) of the Ministry of the Interior on the powers and competencies of the police investigative authorities. Hungarian Gazette, No. 109/2013. Government Decree No. 100/2018 (8.VI.) on the Rules of Investigation and Preliminary Investigation (NYER.). Hungarian Gazette, No. 81/2018. Act XIX of 1998 on Criminal Proceedings (former Be.). Hungarian Gazette, No. 37/2002. Instruction No. 9/2018 (VI.29.) LÜ on the tasks of the prosecutor about preparatory procedure, supervision, and management of the investigation and final measures. Official Gazette, No.33/2018 (Basic Instruction on the Supervision of Investigations). Instruction No. 11/2003. (ÜK. 7.) LÜ on the tasks of the prosecutor in connection with the preparation of charges, supervision over the legality of the investigation and the filing of charges. Decision of criminal principle No. 13/2013 (ECJ 2013. B.13). NF. 1559/2019/11. point 15, Guidelines of the Investigation Supervision and Pre-Trial Preparation Division of the Office of the Prosecutor General (NF) and the Criminal Court Division (BF). Proposal for a new Code of Criminal Procedure (Proposal) uploaded on 3 June 2016 and its Explanatory Memorandum. For the codification of the current Criminal Procedure Act, the Government has submitted to Parliament on 14 February 2017 Draft Bill No. T/13972 on the Code of Criminal Procedure." ["copyrightYear"]=> int(2023) ["issueId"]=> int(488) ["licenseUrl"]=> string(49) "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" ["pages"]=> string(5) "49-68" ["pub-id::doi"]=> string(20) "10.32577/mr.2023.1.3" ["abstract"]=> array(1) { ["en_US"]=> string(975) "

The study describes the prosecutor’s role in the initiation phase of the criminal procedure: in the preparatory procedure, the powers, tasks, management and supervision activities authorised by the Criminal Procedure Act are presented in detail. In the investigative stages following the preparatory procedure, the study includes an overview and precise delimitation of the conditions under which we can speak separately about the preliminary investigation and the inspection stage. This section emphasises the differences concerning the relationship between the investigating authority and the prosecutor’s office, depending on whether it is a preliminary investigation or an inspection phase. At the end of the study, the prosecutor’s guidance typical of the inspection phase will be described. Precisely fixing the specific powers of the Criminal Procedure Act, determined for the prosecutor to carry out the management tasks of the investigation effectively.

" } ["title"]=> array(1) { ["en_US"]=> string(54) "The Role of the Public Prosecutor in the Investigation" } ["copyrightHolder"]=> array(1) { ["hu_HU"]=> string(11) "Vári Vince" } ["locale"]=> string(5) "en_US" ["authors"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(Author)#846 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(8494) ["email"]=> string(17) "drvariv@gmail.com" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(6872) ["seq"]=> int(2) ["userGroupId"]=> int(150) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(37) "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6416-1645" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(31) "Büntetőeljárásjogi Tanszék" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(23) "

r. alezredes PhD

" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(5) "Vári" ["hu_HU"]=> string(5) "Vári" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(5) "Vince" ["hu_HU"]=> string(5) "Vince" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "en_US" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } ["keywords"]=> array(1) { ["en_US"]=> array(6) { [0]=> string(10) "prosecutor" [1]=> string(13) "investigation" [2]=> string(21) "preparatory procedure" [3]=> string(25) "preliminary investigation" [4]=> string(10) "inspection" [5]=> string(23) "investigative authority" } } ["subjects"]=> array(0) { } ["disciplines"]=> array(0) { } ["languages"]=> array(0) { } ["supportingAgencies"]=> array(0) { } ["galleys"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(ArticleGalley)#841 (7) { ["_submissionFile"]=> NULL ["_data"]=> array(9) { ["submissionFileId"]=> int(29261) ["id"]=> int(5472) ["isApproved"]=> bool(false) ["locale"]=> string(5) "en_US" ["label"]=> string(3) "PDF" ["publicationId"]=> int(6872) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["urlPath"]=> string(0) "" ["urlRemote"]=> string(0) "" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(true) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) }

object(Publication)#181 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(29) { ["id"]=> int(6688) ["accessStatus"]=> int(0) ["datePublished"]=> string(10) "2023-08-01" ["lastModified"]=> string(19) "2023-08-01 13:09:09" ["primaryContactId"]=> int(8266) ["sectionId"]=> int(89) ["seq"]=> int(1) ["submissionId"]=> int(6564) ["status"]=> int(3) ["version"]=> int(1) ["categoryIds"]=> array(0) { } ["citationsRaw"]=> string(3721) "Allport, Gordon (1972): Attitűdök [Attitudes]. In Pataki, Ferenc – Solymosi, Zsuzsanna (eds.): Szociálpszichológia szöveggyűjtemény III. (A szociális interakció – attitűd – dinamika) [Social Psychology Textbook III (Social Interaction – Attitudes – Dynamics)]. Budapest: Tankönyvkiadó. 179–198. Balla, József – Kalmár, Ádám – Nagy, Ivett – Németh, Ágota (2021): Biometrikus adatok megjelenése az új európai határrendészeti adatbázisokban [The Emergence of Biometric Data in the New European Border Police Databases]. Határrendészeti Tanulmányok, 18(3), 6–19. Balog, Gábor et al. (2015): Setting up the Structure of a Danube River Forum, DARIF. Budapest: Ministry of the Interior of Hungary. Online: https://dunaregiostrategia.kormany.hu/download/b/29/01000/DARIF%20publication%20%20Results%20and%20Conclusions%20EN.pdf European Commission (2010): Guidelines for Integrated Border Management in European Commission External Cooperation. Online: https://www.icmpd.org/file/download/48280/file/Guidelines%-2520for%2520Integrated%2520Border%2520Management%2520in%2520European%-2520Commission%2520External%2520Cooperation%2520EN.pdf European Commission (2020): Communication from the Commission on the EU Security Union Strategy. COM(2020) 605 final. Online: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A52020DC0605 European Parliament (2010): European Parliament Resolution of 21 January 2010 on a European Strategy for the Danube Region. P7_TA(2010)0008. Online: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/TA-7-2010-0008_EN.html Germond, Basil (2011): The EU’s Security and the Sea: Defining a Maritime Security Strategy. European Security, 20(4), 563–584. Online: https://doi.org/10.1080/09662839.2011.635648 Halász, László – Hunyady, György – Marton, Magda L. eds. (1979): Az attitűd pszichológiai kutatásának kérdései [Issues in Psychological Research on Attitude]. Budapest: Akadémai Kiadó. Kalmár, Ádám (2021): A dunai határellenőrzés bűnüldözési funkciói rendkívüli időszakban [Law Enforcement Functions of the Danube Border Control in Times of Emergency]. In Gaál, Gyula – Hautzinger, Zoltán (eds.): Rendészet a rendkívüli helyzetekben: Húsz éves a Szent László napi konferencia [Law Enforcement in Emergency Situations: 20th Anniversary Conference on Saint László’s Day]. Pécsi Határőr Tudományos Közlemények, 23, 293–301. Kalmár, Ádám (2022): Kockázatok a dunai vízi határforgalom-ellenőrzésben [Risks in Danube Water Border Control]. Hungarian Law Enforcement, 22(1), 121–138. Online: https://doi.org/10.32577/mr.2022.1.8 Kemény, Gábor (2021): Az Egyedüli Kapcsolattartási Pont és a Közös Kapcsolattartási Szolgálati Hely által foganatosított információcserét befolyásoló környezeti tényezők [Environmental Factors Influencing the Cross-Border Information Exchange of the SPOC and PCCC]. Belügyi Szemle, 69(1), 107–122. Online: https://doi.org/10.38146/BSZ.2021.1.5 Koev, Krasimir (2014): The Cooperation of the Danube Countries within the Frames of the Priority Area 11 of the EU Strategy for the Danube Region /EUSDR/. Journal of Danubian Studies and Research, 4(2), 22–30. Pfoser, Sarah – Jung, Eva – Putz, Lisa-Maria (2018): Same River Same Rules? – Administrative Barriers in the Danube Countries. Journal of Sustainable Development of Transport and Logistics, 3(3), 27–37. Online: https://doi.org/10.14254/jsdtl.2018.3-3.2 Scaturro, Ruggero – Kemp, Walter (2022): Portholes. Exploring the Maritime Balkan Routes. Online: https://globalinitiative.net/wpcontent/uploads/2022/07/GITOC-SEE-Obs-Portholes-Exploring-the-maritime-Balkan-routes..pdf" ["copyrightYear"]=> int(2023) ["issueId"]=> int(488) ["licenseUrl"]=> string(49) "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" ["pages"]=> string(5) "69-88" ["pub-id::doi"]=> string(20) "10.32577/mr.2023.1.4" ["abstract"]=> array(1) { ["en_US"]=> string(1903) "

The aim of the study is to analyse the bilateral and multilateral law enforcement cooperation between the Danube Member States and the relevant international stakeholders. A key issue for the security of the European Union and the Schengen area is the joint strengthening of the security of the Danube river. In the most important transnational maritime areas (Black Sea, Baltic Sea), there is a regulation based on the operation of a common centre for law enforcement coordination, which allows a rapid and efficient exchange of information between the Member States in order to combat organised crime. The Danube is one of Europe’s most important waterways, but the absence of a multilateral international agreement on the cooperation and coordination signed by all the Member States to ensure continuous cooperation and exchange of information is believed to have a negative impact on border security. The research was carried out by an online questionnaire survey among 201 persons in staff from the participating organisations of 10 Danube Member States during the DARIF joint operation, which was conducted from 12–16 September 2022 and extended until 30 September 2022. The questionnaire was prepared in Hungarian, English, and in German, Slovak, Croatian, Serbian, Romanian, Bulgarian and Ukrainian languages, to encourage respondents to participate in the survey. The questionnaire survey among the Danube law enforcement agencies confirmed that the lack of a permanent Law Enforcement Coordination Centre and Cooperation Forum is a significant security deficit in the countries of the Danube Region. The creation of a network of national contact points specialising in international information exchange on the Danube is necessary; it is not sufficient to make better use of the existing network of direct information exchange channels (e.g. Police and Customs Cooperation Centres).

" } ["subtitle"]=> array(1) { ["en_US"]=> string(68) "– Based on the “DARIF 2022” International Questionnaire Survey" } ["title"]=> array(1) { ["en_US"]=> string(92) "Law Enforcement Officials’ Opinion on the Security Situation and Cooperation on the Danube" } ["copyrightHolder"]=> array(1) { ["hu_HU"]=> string(14) "Kalmár Ádám" } ["locale"]=> string(5) "en_US" ["authors"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(Author)#773 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(11) { ["id"]=> int(8266) ["email"]=> string(22) "adamkalmar74@gmail.com" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(6688) ["seq"]=> int(1) ["userGroupId"]=> int(150) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(7) "Kalmár" ["hu_HU"]=> string(7) "Kalmár" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(6) "Ádám" ["hu_HU"]=> string(6) "Ádám" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "en_US" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } ["keywords"]=> array(1) { ["en_US"]=> array(5) { [0]=> string(6) "Danube" [1]=> string(8) "security" [2]=> string(27) "law enforcement cooperation" [3]=> string(21) "DARIF joint operation" [4]=> string(16) "security deficit" } } ["subjects"]=> array(0) { } ["disciplines"]=> array(0) { } ["languages"]=> array(0) { } ["supportingAgencies"]=> array(0) { } ["galleys"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(ArticleGalley)#790 (7) { ["_submissionFile"]=> NULL ["_data"]=> array(9) { ["submissionFileId"]=> int(29262) ["id"]=> int(5473) ["isApproved"]=> bool(false) ["locale"]=> string(5) "en_US" ["label"]=> string(3) "PDF" ["publicationId"]=> int(6688) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["urlPath"]=> string(0) "" ["urlRemote"]=> string(0) "" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(true) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) }

object(Publication)#801 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(28) { ["id"]=> int(6686) ["accessStatus"]=> int(0) ["datePublished"]=> string(10) "2023-08-01" ["lastModified"]=> string(19) "2023-08-01 13:09:09" ["primaryContactId"]=> int(8264) ["sectionId"]=> int(89) ["seq"]=> int(2) ["submissionId"]=> int(6562) ["status"]=> int(3) ["version"]=> int(1) ["categoryIds"]=> array(0) { } ["citationsRaw"]=> string(3414) "Balla, József (2018): Schengeni értékelési mechanizmus [The Schengen Evaluation Mechanism]. Hadtudományi Szemle, 11(1), 287–306. Online: https://epa.oszk.hu/02400/02463/00038/pdf/EPA02463_hadtudomanyi_szemle_2018_01_287-306.pdf European Commission (2020): First Schengen Forum: Towards a Stronger and More Resilient Schengen Area. Online: https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/ip_20_2232 European Council (2022): Justice and Home Affairs Council, 3–4 March 2022. Online: https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/meetings/jha/2022/03/03-04/ Grounds for Concern (2016): Belgium’s Counterterror Responses to the Paris and Brussels Attacks. Grounds for Concern, 03 November 2016. Online: https://www.hrw.org/report/2016/11/03/grounds-concern/belgiums-counterterror-responses-paris-and-brussels-attacks Herczeg, Mónika (2022): Az Európai Unió tagállamainak schengeni térséghez való viszonya [Relations between the Member States of the European Union and the Schengen]. Belügyi Szemle, 70(7), 1491–1506. Online: https://doi.org/10.38146/BSZ.2022.7.8 Kaasik, Joosep – Tong, Stephen (2019): The Schengen Evaluation Mechanism: Exploring the Views of Experts in the Field of Police Cooperation. European Law Enforcement Research Bulletin, (18), 1–18. PFUE (2022): Recovery, Strength and a Sense of Belonging. Programme for the French Presidency of the Council of the European Union. Online: https://presidence-francaise.consilium.europa.eu/media/qh4cg0qq/en_programme-pfue-v1-2.pdf Legal sources and EU documents Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament and the Council: A Strategy Towards a Fully Functioning and Resilient Schengen Area (COM/2021/277 final). Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions on a New Pact on Migration and Asylum [COM(2020) 609 final]. Convention implementing the Schengen Agreement of 14 June 1985 between the Governments of the States of the Benelux Economic Union, the Federal Republic of Germany and the French Republic on the gradual abolition of checks at their common borders. Council Regulation (EU) 2022/922 of 9 June 2022 on the establishment and operation of an evaluation and monitoring mechanism to verify the application of the Schengen acquis, and repealing Regulation (EU) No. 1053/2013. Council Regulation (EU) No. 1053/2013 of 7 October 2013 establishing an evaluation and monitoring mechanism to verify the application of the Schengen acquis and repealing the Decision of the Executive Committee of 16 September 1998 setting up a Standing Committee on the evaluation and implementation of Schengen. Regulation (EU) 2016/399 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 9 March 2016 on a Union Code on the rules governing the movement of persons across borders (Schengen Borders Code). Report from the Commission to the Council and the European Parliament on the Functioning of the Schengen Evaluation and Monitoring Mechanism pursuant to Article 22 of Council Regulation (EU) No. 1053/2013 First Multiannual Evaluation Programme (2015–2019) (COM/2020/779 final). Schengen Agreement, 14 June 1985. The Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU). Treaty of Amsterdam amending the Treaty on European Union, the Treaties establishing the European Communities and certain related acts (97/C 340/01)." ["copyrightYear"]=> int(2023) ["issueId"]=> int(488) ["licenseUrl"]=> string(49) "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" ["pages"]=> string(6) "89-100" ["pub-id::doi"]=> string(20) "10.32577/mr.2023.1.5" ["abstract"]=> array(1) { ["en_US"]=> string(2012) "

The aim of the study is to identify the reasons, background and possible impacts of the international intention to reform the functioning of the Schengen area and to introduce a renewed Schengen evaluation and monitoring mechanism turned on by adopting a new Council regulation. In this article, the author examines the report from the Commission to the Council and the European Parliament on the functioning of the mechanism. The complex report presents comprehensive and detailed results of the first multi-annual evaluation programme, prepared and published by the European Commission in 2021, taking into account the feedback of Member States and relevant cooperating agencies and EU bodies. The study also examined two important elements of the Schengen renewal process, the EU strategy towards a fully functioning and resilient Schengen area and the preceding points of the new Scheval Regulation, which entered into force on 1 October 2021. The research concludes that recurring national shortcomings and divergent practices between Member States are likely to result from inconsistent implementation of the Schengen rules, which may have an impact on the overall functioning of the Schengen area as a whole. In addition to many other demands for change in the Schengen area, the states and EU institutions concerned have decided that the Schengen evaluation and monitoring mechanism needs to be renewed and undergo significant changes for the future. From a scientific point of view, the author concluded that in the field of law enforcement sciences, and especially in border management research, the renewal of the Schengen evaluation mechanism should be followed closely, as it is synergistic with several other related research issues (e.g. border management, border management education, etc.). With thorough research in this field, scientific works and scientific representation, the Hungarian law enforcement science is expected to be strengthened in the international scientific dimension.

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Online: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-021815-093204 Koposov, Roman – Stickley, Andrew – Ruchkin, Vladislav (2021): Non-suicidal Self-Injury among Incarcerated Adolescents: Prevalence, Personality, and Psychiatric Comorbidity. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 12. Online: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.652004 Lee, Ju-Yeon – Kim, Honey – Kim, Seon-Young – Kim, Jae-Min – Shin, Il-Seon – Kim, Sung-Wan (2021): Non-suicidal Self-injury Is Associated with Psychotic Like Experiences, Depression, and Bullying in Korean Adolescents. Early Intervention in Psychiatry, 15(6), 1696–1704. Online:https://doi.org/10.1111/eip.13115 Lim, Meerae – Lee, Sang Uk – Park, Jong-Ik (2014): Difference in Suicide Methods Used between Suicide Attempters and Suicide Completers. International Journal of Mental Health Systems, 8(1), 1–4. Online: https://doi.org/10.1186/1752-4458-8-54 Lohner, Johannes – Konrad, Norbert (2006): Deliberate Self-harm and Suicide Attempt in Custody: Distinguishing Features in Male Inmates’ Self-injurious Behavior. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 29(5), 370–385. Online: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijlp.2006.03.004 Moore, Elizabeth – Gaskin, Claire – Indig, Devon (2015): Attempted Suicide, Self-harm, and Psychological Disorder among Young Offenders in Custody. Journal of Correctional Health Care, 21(3), 243–254. Online: https://doi.org/10.1177/1078345815584849 Morovatdar, Negar – Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar – Malakouti, Seyed Kazem – Nojomi, Marzieh (2013): Most Common Methods of Suicide in Eastern Mediterranean Region of WHO: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Archives of Suicide Research, 17(4), 335–344. Online: https://doi.org/10.1080/13811118.2013.801811 Muehlenkamp, Jennifer J. – Gutierrez, Peter M. (2007): Risk for Suicide Attempts Among Adolescents Who Engage in Non-suicidal Self injury. Archives of Suicide Research, 11(1), 69–82. Online: https://doi.org/10.1080/13811110600992902 Muehlenkamp, Jennifer J. – Claes, Laurence – Havertape, Lindsey – Plener, Paul L. (2012): International Prevalence of Adolescent Non-suicidal Self-injury and Deliberate Self-harm. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health, 6(1), 1–9. Online: https://doi.org/10.1186/1753-2000-6-10 Niedtfeld, Inga – Schulze, Lars – Kirsch, Peter – Herpertz, Sabine C. – Bohus, Martin – Schmahl, Christian (2010): Affect Regulation and Pain in Borderline Personality Disorder: A Possible Link to the Understanding of Self-injury. Biological Psychiatry, 68(4), 383–391. Online: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2010.04.015 Pickard, Hanna (2015): Self-harm as Violence: When Victim and Perpetrator Are One. In Marway, Herjeet – Widdows, Heather (eds.): Women and Violence. Genders and Sexualities in the Social Sciences. London: Palgrave Macmillan. 71–90. Online: https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137015129_5 Pompili, Maurizio – Serafini, Gianluca – Innamorati, Marco – Montebovi, Franco – Palermo, Mario – Campi, Sandra – Stefani, Henry – Giordano, Gloria – Telesforo, Ludovica – Amore, Mario – Girardi, Paolo (2012): Car Accidents as a Method of Suicide: A Comprehensive Overview. Forensic Science International, 223(1–3), 1–9. Online: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2012.04.012 Reinhardt, Melinda – Horváth, Zsolt – Urbán, Róbert – Rice, Kenneth G. – Drubina, Boglárka – Kökönyei, Gyöngyi (2022): Dissociative Tendencies Aggregate the Impact of Negative Life Events on Non-Suicidal Self-Injury among Male Juvenile Delinquents. Archives of Suicide Research, 26(1), 226–244. Online: https://doi.org/10.1080/13811118.2020.1784335 Rihmer, Zoltán – Fekete, Sándor – Gonda, Xénia (2021): Öngyilkosság. In Németh, Attila – Füredi, János – Lazáry, Judit – Somlai, Zsuzsanna (eds.): A pszichiátria magyar kézikönyve. Budapest: Medicina. 981–991. Sheehan, David V. et al. (1998): The Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.): The Development and Validation of a Structured Diagnostic Psychiatric Interview for DSM-IV and ICD-10. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 59(20), 22–33. Slade, Karen – Forrester, Andrew – Baguley, Thom (2020): Coexisting Violence and Self-harm: Dual Harm in an Early-stage Male Prison Population. Legal and Criminological Psychology, 25(2), 182–198. Online: https://doi.org/10.1111/lcrp.12169 Stokes, Marquita L. – McCoy, Kathleen P. – Abram, Karen M. – Byck, Gayle R. – Teplin, Linda A. (2015): Suicidal Ideation and Behavior in Youth in the Juvenile Justice System: A Review of the Literature. Journal of Correctional Health Care, 21(3), 222–242. Online: https://doi.org/10.1177/1078345815587001 Sousa, Marta – Gonçalves, Rui Abrunhosa – Cruz, Ana Rita – de Castro Rodrigues, Andreia (2019): Prison Officers’ Attitudes towards Self-harm in Prisoners. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 66. Online: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijlp.2019.101490 Thomas, Kyla H. – Beech, Ed – Gunnell, David (2013): Changes in Commonly Used Methods of Suicide in England and Wales from 1901– 1907 to 2001–2007. Journal of Affective Disorders, 144(3), 235–239. Online: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2012.06.041 Webb, Roger T. et al. (2013): National Study of Suicide Method in Violent Criminal Offenders. Journal of Affective Disorders, 150(2), 237–244. Online: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2013.04.001" ["copyrightYear"]=> int(2023) ["issueId"]=> int(488) ["licenseUrl"]=> string(49) "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" ["pages"]=> string(7) "101-113" ["pub-id::doi"]=> string(20) "10.32577/mr.2023.1.6" ["abstract"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(1391) "

Self-injury is an important problem in incarcerated populations worldwide. This behaviour may be explained by circumstantial factors as incarceration per se may trigger stress responses that result in suicide and other forms of self-harming. On the other hand, certain psychiatric disorders are associated with an increased risk of self-injury and recent findings suggest that psychiatric disorders are highly prevalent in prison and reformatory populations. As a first attempt to study this issue in Hungarian underage criminals, we investigated the prevalence of self-injury and suicidal ideation in reformatory institutions. These were established in 84 incarcerated male juvenile offenders by the MINI KID structured psychiatric inventory. The study lasted 2 years. About one sixth (16.66%) of offenders had a suicidal history. More than half showed self-harming behaviour (N = 47, 55.95%) and 5 subjects reported suicidal ideation at the time of the assessment (5.95%). The suicidal tendency did not reach the level of actual life-threatening condition in any participant. These findings show that self-harming behaviour is rather frequent in the correctional system and requires further research, e.g. studies on the psychiatric antecedents of this behaviour. The findings of such studies may be applicable both in practice and in the education of law enforcement professionals.

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Self-injury is an important problem in incarcerated populations worldwide. This behaviour may be explained by circumstantial factors as incarceration per se may trigger stress responses that result in suicide and other forms of self-harming. On the other hand, certain psychiatric disorders are associated with an increased risk of self-injury and recent findings suggest that psychiatric disorders are highly prevalent in prison and reformatory populations. As a first attempt to study this issue in Hungarian underage criminals, we investigated the prevalence of self-injury and suicidal ideation in reformatory institutions. These were established in 84 incarcerated male juvenile offenders by the MINI KID structured psychiatric inventory. The study lasted 2 years. About one sixth (16.66%) of offenders had a suicidal history. More than half showed self-harming behaviour (N = 47, 55.95%) and 5 subjects reported suicidal ideation at the time of the assessment (5.95%). The suicidal tendency did not reach the level of actual life-threatening condition in any participant. These findings show that self-harming behaviour is rather frequent in the correctional system and requires further research, e.g. studies on the psychiatric antecedents of this behaviour. The findings of such studies may be applicable both in practice and in the education of law enforcement professionals.

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Lehoczki, Ágnes (2021): A poszt-offenzív szakasz pszichológiai vizsgálata az emberölés profilalkotásában. Doktori (PhD) disszertáció. Budapest: NKE Rendészettudományi Doktori Iskola. Koday, Zsuzsanna (2019): Börtönpszichológia, avagy ami „szabad szemmel” láthatatlan. In Kapitány-Fövény, Máté – Koncz, Zsuzsa – Varga, S. Katalin (eds.): Klinikai szakpszichológia a gyakorlatban. Budapest: Medicina Kiadó. 231–252. Korinek, László – Lévay, Miklós (2013): A kriminológia fogalma, feladata, kutatási területei; helye és szerepe a bűnügyi tudományokban és a társadalomban. In Gönczöl, Katalin – Kerezsi, Klára – Korinek, László – Lévay, Miklós (eds.): Kriminológia – Szakkriminológia. Budapest: CompLex Jogi és Üzleti Kiadó. 23–44. Nagy, Enikő – Elekesné Lenhardt, Zsuzsa (2004): A specifikus elkövetői profilalkotás elmélete és gyakorlata. Belügyi Szemle, 52(6), 51–65. Nyeste, Réka (2017): Kihallgatás és kérdezési technikák a büntetőeljárásban. Szakdolgozat. 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(2009): A rendvédelmi pszichológiai tevékenység szakmai protokollja. Pécsi Határőr Tudományos Közlemények, X. Varga, A. (2022): Szexuális bűnelkövetők jellemzői, különös tekintettel az alkohol és kábítószerfogyasztás szerepére. Szakdolgozat. Budapest: NKE Rendészettudományi Kar. Visontai-Szabó, Katalin (2017): A jog és a pszichológia összekapcsolódása: úton egy új tudományág kialakulása felé. In Homoki Nagy, Mária – Hajdú, József (eds.): Ünnepi kötet dr. Zakár András c. egyetemi tanár 70. születésnapjára. Szeged: Szegedi Tudományegyetem. 291–302. Vilics, Tünde (2020): Kriminálpszichológia és kriminálpszichológus. Hungarian Law Enforcement, 20(4), 219–239. Online: https://doi.org/10.32577/mr.2020.4.14" ["copyrightYear"]=> int(2023) ["issueId"]=> int(488) ["licenseUrl"]=> string(49) "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" ["pages"]=> string(7) "115-123" ["pub-id::doi"]=> string(20) "10.32577/mr.2023.1.7" ["abstract"]=> array(1) { ["en_US"]=> string(1007) "

One of the applied areas of criminal psychology, the forensic psychology presents how the knowledge of psychology can be applied in the most optimal way in order to effectively detect individual crimes. A trend has appeared in law enforcement agencies for psychologists to carry out special activities in the criminal field. One specific activity is criminal profiling and the other is the development of the most effective interrogation techniques. Now I attempt to present these two specific criminal tasks of psychology.

I present a literature review on how forensic psychology can be used during profiling and the planning of special interrogations.

Despite the fact that offender profiling is not new for law enforcement agencies, its clinical trend has begun to appear and spread independently in recent years. The application of psychology in the planning of individual interrogations is a much more researched field and used during weekday work.

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Online: https://doi.org/10.1177/0010414005285755 Buchanan, Molly – Castro, Erin D. – Kushner, Mackenzie – Krohn, Marvin D. (2020): It’s F**ing Chaos: Covid-19’s Impact on Juvenile Delinquency and Juvenile Justice. American Journal of Criminal Justice, 45, 578–600. Online: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12103-020-09549-x Coker, Kendell L. – Smith, Philip H. – Westphal, Alexander – Zonana, Howard V. – McKee, Sherry A. (2014): Crime and Psychiatric Disorders Among Youth in the US Population: An Analysis of the National Comorbidity Survey – Adolescent Supplement. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 53(8), 888–898. Online: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2014.05.007 Cuevas, Carlos A. – Finkelhor, David – Turner, Heather A. – Ormrod, Richard K. (2007): Juvenile Delinquency and Victimization: A Theoretical Typology. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 22(12), 1581–1602. Online: https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260507306498 Delcea, Cristian – Muller-Fabian, Andrea – Radu, Carmen C. – Perju-Dumbravă, Dan (2019): Juvenile Delinquency within the Forensic Context. Romanian Journal of Legal Medicine, 27(4), 366–372. Online: https://doi.org/10.4323/rjlm.2019.366 Ejrnæs, Anders – Scherg, Rune H. (2022): The Impact of Victimization on Feelings of Unsafety in Different Welfare Regimes. European Journal of Criminology, 19(6), 1304–1326. Online: https://doi.org/10.1177/1477370820960025 Ellis, Lee – Farrington, David P. – Hoskin, Anthony W. (2019): Handbook of Crime Correlates. London – Cambridge, Mass.: Academic Press. Green, Kerry M. – Musci, Rashelle J. – Johnson, Renee M. – Matson, Pamela A. – Reboussin, Beth A. – Ialongo, Nicholas S. (2016): Outcomes Associated with Adolescent Marijuana and Alcohol Use among Urban Young Adults: A Prospective Study. Addictive Behaviors, 53, 155–160. Online: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2015.10.014 Haller, József – Bellavics, Mária Zs. – Baráth, Noémi E. (2020): Kriminálpszichiátria – elméleti háttér és gyakorlati hasznosítás. Hungarian Law Enforcement, 20(3), 119–135. Online: https://doi.org/10.32577/mr.2020.3.7 Harzke, Amy J. – Baillargeon, Jacques – Baillargeon, Gwen – Henry, Judith – Olvera, Rene L. – Torrealday, Ohiana – Penn, Joseph V. – Parikh, Rajendra (2012): Prevalence of Psychiatric Disorders in the Texas Juvenile Correctional System. Journal of Correctional Health Care, 18(2), 143–157. Online: https://doi.org/10.1177/1078345811436000 Hockenberry, Sara – Puzzanchera, Charles (2020): Juvenile Court Statistics, 2018. Pittsburgh, PA: National Center of Juvenile Justice. Hummelsheim, Dina – Hirtenlehner, Helmut – Jackson, Jonathan – Oberwittler, Dietrich (2011): Social Insecurities and Fear of Crime: A Cross-National Study on the Impact of Welfare State Policies on Crime-Related Anxieties. European Sociological Review, 27(3), 327–345. Online: https://doi.org/10.1093/esr/jcq010 Janssen, Heleen J. – Bruinsma, Gerben J. – Weerman, Frank M. (2022): Can Inner and Outer Containment Counteract Pulls and Pushes toward Delinquency? A Test of Walter Reckless’s Containment Theory. European Journal of Criminology, 19(6), 1615–1637. Online: https://doi.org/10.1177/1477370820988815 Karofi, Usman A. (2012): Rethinking on Drug Abuse and Crime Relationship: An Alternative Explanation for Intellectuals Criminologists. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 3(16). Kerezsi, Klára (2020): Trend lesz-e a (jövőben is) a bűnözés csökkenése. Magyar Tudomány, 181(5), 577–590. Online: https://doi.org/10.1556/2065.181.2020.5.2 Sófi, Gyula (2014): A szakértői tevékenység jogi szabályozása. In Sófi, Gyula – Fodor, Miklós (eds.): Igazságügyi gyermekpszichiátria. Budapest: Oriold és Társai. 21–29. Shapland, Joanna – Hall, Matthew (2007): What Do We Know about the Effects of Crime on Victims? International Review of Victimology, 14(2), 175–217. Online: https://doi.org/10.1177/026975800701400202 Sherman, Lawrence W. (2013): The Rise of Evidence-Based Policing: Targeting, Testing, and Tracking. Crime and Justice, 42(1), 377–451. Online: https://doi.org/10.1086/670819 Reimherr, Frederick W. – Rösler, Michael – Marchant, Barrie K. – Gift, Thomas E. – Retz, Wolfgang – Philipp-Wiegmann, Florence – Reimherr, Matthew L. (2020): Types of Adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Replication Analysis. The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 81(2). Online: https://doi.org/10.4088/JCP.19m13077 Retz, Wolfgang – Stieglitz, Rolf-Dieter – Corbisiero, Salvatore – Retz-Junginger, Petra – Rösler, Michael (2012): Emotional Dysregulation in Adult ADHD: What Is the Empirical Evidence? Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics, 12(10), 1241–1251. Online: https://doi.org/10.1586/ern.12.109 Retz, Wolfgang – Ginsberg, Ylva – Turner, Daniel – Barra, Steffen – Retz-Junginger, Petra – Larsson, Henrik – Asherson, Phil (2021): Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Antisociality and Delinquent Behavior Over the Lifespan. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 120, 236–248. Online: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.11.025 Skirrow, Caroline – Asherson, Philip (2013): Emotional Lability, Comorbidity and Impairment in Adults with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Journal of Affective Disorder, 147(1–3), 80–86. Online: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2012.10.011 Vári, Vince (2019): Elterelés és az ügyész–nyomozó hatóság kapcsolata a nyomozásban. In III. Turizmus és biztonság nemzetközi konferencia. Tanulmánykötet. Nagykanizsa: Pannon Egyetem Nagykanizsai Campus. 52–61. Von Polier, Georg G. – Vloet, Timo D. – Herpertz-Dahlmann, Beate (2012): ADHD and Delinquency – A Developmental Perspective. Behavioral Sciences and the Law, 30(2), 121–139. Online: https://doi.org/10.1002/bsl.2005 Young, Susan – Moss, Debby – Sedgwick, Ottilie – Fridman, Moshe – Hodgkins, Paul (2015): A Meta-analysis of the Prevalence of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Incarcerated Populations. Psychological Medicine, 45(2), 247–258. Online: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291714000762" ["copyrightYear"]=> int(2023) ["issueId"]=> int(488) ["licenseUrl"]=> string(49) "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" ["pages"]=> string(7) "125-139" ["pub-id::doi"]=> string(20) "10.32577/mr.2023.1.8" ["abstract"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(1572) "

Juvenile crime has been showing a downward trend for years both in Hungary and internationally. Despite this, many young people are still caught by the authorities. In the study, we use the analysis of Hungarian and international statistical data to see what structural changes have occurred in the structure of crime in the past period. We assume that the – temporarily – punishable deviant behaviour of the child and juvenile population, in the absence of a suitable treatment system, turns from episodic perpetration into a series of acts. We will examine how the social, economic, demographic and legislative background influences juvenile delinquency and which psychological explanations help to understand and manage the path leading to the development of the situation.

It is also important to keep technological changes in mind, since there are an increasing number of juveniles among the perpetrators of cybercrimes. Data quality and statistical diversity also present challenges to researchers, we also try to synthesise these data in the article, which can provide an explanation for why other data can be found in some databases that are not in line with each other. The study partially covers the explanation of the criminological and criminal psychological reasons behind the commission of crime. The performed analysis can contribute to the more efficient functioning of the investigative authority and the welfare system dealing with juveniles, by providing a prismatic overview of the changing trends in this paper.

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 Juvenile crime has been showing a downward trend for years both in Hungary and internationally. Despite this, many young people are still caught by the authorities. In the study, we use the analysis of Hungarian and international statistical data to see what structural changes have occurred in the structure of crime in the past period. We assume that the – temporarily – punishable deviant behaviour of the child and juvenile population, in the absence of a suitable treatment system, turns from episodic perpetration into a series of acts. We will examine how the social, economic, demographic and legislative background influences juvenile delinquency and which psychological explanations help to understand and manage the path leading to the development of the situation.

It is also important to keep technological changes in mind, since there are an increasing number of juveniles among the perpetrators of cybercrimes. Data quality and statistical diversity also present challenges to researchers, we also try to synthesise these data in the article, which can provide an explanation for why other data can be found in some databases that are not in line with each other. The study partially covers the explanation of the criminological and criminal psychological reasons behind the commission of crime. The performed analysis can contribute to the more efficient functioning of the investigative authority and the welfare system dealing with juveniles, by providing a prismatic overview of the changing trends in this paper.

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London: Palgrave Macmillan. 17–30. Online: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-08305-3 Davies, Pamela (2011): Mediated Gender, Crime and Victimisation. In Gender, Crime and Victimisation. London: SAGE Publications. 36–62. Online: https://doi.org/10.4135/9781446251294 Greer, Chris (2007): News Media, Victims and Crime. In Davies, Pamela – Francis, Peter – Greer, Chris (eds.): Victims, Crime And Society. London: SAGE Publications. 20–49. Online: https://doi.org/10.4135/9781446212202 Horsti, Karina (2007): Asylum Seekers in the News: Frames of Illegality and Control. Observatorio (OBS*) Journal, 1(1), 145–161. Juhász, Borbála (2012): Orbán’s Politics – A Gender Perspective. Budapest: Friedrich Ebert Foundation. Online: https://www.fesbp.hu/common/pdf/Nachrichten_aus_Ungarn_1_2012.pdf Köves, Nóra (2015): Menekültügy – humanitárius vagy politikai válsághelyzet? [Refugee Case – Humanitarian or Political Crisis?] Fundamentum, 19(4), 73–82. Lindgren, Simon – Lundström, Ragnar (2010): Inside Victims and Outside Offenders: Dislocations and Interventions in the Discourse of Rape. Social Semiotics, 20(3), 309–324. Online: https://doi.org/10.1080/10350331003722885 Moeller, Susan D. (2002): A Hierarchy of Innocence: The Media’s Use of Children in the Telling of International News. The International Journal of Press/Politics, 7(1), 36–56. Online: https://doi.org/10.1177/1081180X0200700104 Sartre, Jean-Paul (1966): Being and Nothingness. An Essay on Phenomenological Ontology. New York: Washington Square Press. The Budapest Beacon (2016): Government Links Migration to Sexual Harassment. The Budapest Beacon, 25 July 2016. Online: http://budapestbeacon.com/news-in-brief/government-linksmigration-to-sexual-harassment/36729 The Orange Files (2016): Hungary’s 2016 Referendum on European Union Migrant Resettlement Quotas. The Orange Files, 11 September 2016. Online: https://theorangefiles.hu/2016/09/11/hungarys-2016-referendum-on-european-union-migrant-resettlement-quotas/ Thompson, John B. (1990): Ideology and Modern Culture. Critical Social Theory in the Era of Mass Communication. Cambridge: Polity. Thorbjørnsrud, Kjersti – Figenschou, Tine U. (2016): Do Marginalized Sources Matter? Journalism Studies, 17(3), 337–355. Online: https://doi.org/10.1080/1461670X.2014.987549 Van Dijk, Jan J. – Van Kesteren, John – Smit, Paul (2007): Criminal Victimisation in International Perspective. Key Findings from the 2004–2005 ICVS and EU ICS. The Hague: Ministry of Justice, WODC. Online: https://doi.org/10.15496/publikation-6621 Wirth, Judit – Winkler, Zsuzsanna (2015): Nők elleni erőszak az adatok tükrében. FRA-népességbűnügyi statisztikák [Violence against Women in the Light of FRA Statistics]. Budapest: Nők a Nőkért Együtt az Erőszak Ellen Egyesület [Women for Women Together Against Violence Society]. List of media sources Blikk (21 January 2009a): Zsanett szeret szerepelni [Zsanett Likes to Be in Focus]. Online: https://www.blikk.hu/zsanett-szeret-szerepelni/2nsvf5f Blikk (21 January 2009b): Már volt barátja sem hisz Zsanettnek [Even her Ex-boyfriend no Longer Believes Zsanett]. Online: https://www.blikk.hu/mar-volt-baratja-sem-hisz-zsanettnek/ej94bwg Blikk (21 January 2009c): Vádlott lehet Zsanettből [Zsanett Could Become Accused]. Online: https://www.blikk.hu/aktualis/vadlott-lehet-zsanettbol/swscs0h Blikk (21 January 2009d): Feléli az esküvői pénzt zsaru és a kedvese [The Officer and his Darling Spent the Wedding Money]. Online: https://www.blikk.hu/feleli-az-eskuvoi-penzt-zsaru-es-akedvese/wrrt3z3 Blikk (21 January 2009e): Egyszerre tartja esküvőjét a három gyanúsított rendőr [Three Accused Police Held Their Wedding Together]. Online: https://www.blikk.hu/egyszerre-tartja-eskuvojet-aharom-gyanusitott-rendor/7e7c289 Blikk (4 August 2009): Vallott a kiskunlacházi gyilkos [The Murderer of Kiskunlacháza Confessed]. Online: https://www.blikk.hu/aktualis/vallott-a-kiskunlachazi-gyilkos/jgns3kk Blikk (19 April 2010): Bírái elé áll Nóra (†14) gyilkosa [The Murderer of Nóra Goes on Trial]. Online: https://www.blikk.hu/aktualis/krimi/birai-ele-all-nora-14-gyilkosa/8twj95n Blikk (22 April 2010): Én találtam meg a lányom testét! [I Have Found the Body of My Dauther!] Online: https://www.blikk.hu/aktualis/krimi/en-talaltam-meg-a-lanyom-testet/2l0488x Blikk (10 July 2012): Nyom nélkül tűnt el a buli után Kata [Kata Disappeared without a Trace after the Party]. Online: https://www.blikk.hu/aktualis/nyom-nelkul-tunt-el-a-buli-utan-kata/8cel4pv Blikk (8 October 2012): Félmilliót fizet sikkasztásért E. Zsanett [Zsanett E. Must Pay Half a Million for Embezzlement]. Online: https://www.blikk.hu/aktualis/felmilliot-fizet-sikkasztasert-e-zsanett/s44qvbf Blikk (30 December 2012): Két órán át könyörgött gyilkosának Bándy Kata [Kata Bándy Begged her Killer for Two Hours]. Online: https://www.blikk.hu/aktualis/krimi/ket-oran-at-konyorgottgyilkosanak-bandy-kata/3pv1w69 Blikk (19 February 2013): Bándy Kata sikolyát hallotta a tanú [The Witness Heard Kata Bándy’s Scream]. Online: https://www.blikk.hu/aktualis/krimi/bandy-kata-sikolyat-hallotta-atanu/7qfm0fm Blikk (28 August 2013): 66 évesen szabadulhat Bándy Kata gyilkosa [The Killer of Kata Bándy Will Be 66 Years Old When Being Released From Jail]. Online: https://www.blikk.hu/aktualis/krimi/66-evesen-szabadulhat-bandy-kata-gyilkosa/z1p933j Blikk (2 September 2014): Öt évet ült erőszakért a gólyatábor szatírja [The Satyr of the Freshmen Camp Have Spent Five Years in Prison]. Online: https://www.blikk.hu/aktualis/ot-evet-ulteroszakert-a-golyatabor-szatirja/llr0y0d Blikk (7 January 2016): Így lehetne elzavarni Németországból a Kölnben nőkkel erőszakoskodó bevándorlókat [It Is Possible to Drive Immigrants who Rape Women in Cologne out of Germany]. Online: https://www.blikk.hu/aktualis/kulfold/igy-lehetne-elzavarni-nemetorszagbol-akolnben-nokkel-eroszakoskodo-bevandorlokat/5kl4977 Blikk (26 January 2016): Menekültek a rendőrök a 10 éves kisfiút megerőszakoló migránsok elől [Police Have Fled from Migrants Who Raped a Ten Year Old Boy]. Online: https://www.blikk.hu/aktualis/kulfold/menekultek-a-rendorok-a-10-eves-kisfiut-megeroszakolo-migransok-elol/qn5pwjz Blikk (5 February 2016): Tömegével zaklatják a nőket a kölni karneválon a migránsok, nemi erőszak is történt [Mass Assault at the Carnival of Cologne, Rape Has also Occurred]. Online: https://www.blikk.hu/aktualis/kulfold/tomegevel-zaklatjak-a-noket-a-kolni-karnevalon-a-migransoknemi-eroszak-is-tortent/4y42dt1 Blikk (9 February 2016): Véresre verve találtak rá a megerőszakolt magyar nőre Máltán [Hungarian Woman Was Found Beaten and Raped]. Online: https://www.blikk.hu/aktualis/kulfold/veresreverve-talaltak-ra-a-megeroszakolt-magyar-nore-maltan/k1hm142 Blikk (5 May 2016): Osztrák pánik: Egyre több nőt erőszakolnak meg a migránsok! [Panic in Austria: Increasing Number of Women Raped by Migrants]. Online: https://www.blikk.hu/aktualis/kulfold/osztrak-panik-egyre-tobb-not-eroszakolnak-meg-a-migransok/z9rl4ln Blikk (4 September 2016): “Migrációs háttér” – Újabb szexuális támadások egy nyilvános fesztiválon [“Migration Background”: Another Sexual Assault at a Public Festival]. Online: https://www.blikk.hu/aktualis/krimi/ujabb-szexualis-tamadasok-egy-nyilvanos-fesztivalon-nemetorszagban/dkxglqw Blikk (13 February 2017): Körmendi gyereklányok, avagy: több férfi két eset [Girl Children in Körmend: Many Men, Two Cases]. Online: https://www.blikk.hu/aktualis/velemeny/kormendigyereklanyok-avagy-tobb-ferfi-ket-eset/zz0ltnj Index (17 May 2007): Az ügyészség szerint Zsanett igazat mondott [Zsanett Tells the Truth According to the Prosecution]. Online: http://index.hu/bulvar/zsan070517/ Index (19 May 2007): Kétgyerekes apa az egyik erőszakkal vádolt rendőr [One of the Accused Officers Is a Father of Two]. Online: http://index.hu/bulvar/zsntt7971/ Index (31 May 2007): Folyik a legendagyártás Zsanett-ügyben [Legends Are Made in Zsanett Case]. Online: http://index.hu/belfold/leggy070531/ Index (1 June 2007): Most jön a „Zsanett akarta a szexet” verzió? [Now Comes the “Zsanett Wanted Sex” Version?]. Online: http://index.hu/belfold/magyar070601/ Index (5 June 2007): Rendőr ilyet nem tesz – mondták Zsanettnek a nyomozók [Police Would Not Do Such a Thing – Zsanett Was Told]. Online: http://index.hu/bulvar/zsnt070605/ Index (25 June 2007): Ne hazudj, akarod [Do Not Lie, You Do Want It]. Online: http://index.hu/velemeny/jegyzet/zsanett07062/ Index (20 September 2007): Megintették a Zsanett-ügy egyik ügyvédjét [A Lawyer in Zsanett Case Has Been Admonished]. Online: http://index.hu/bulvar/magy070920/ Index (17 November 2008): Zsanett-ügy: nem vallott az öt rebiszes [Zsanett Case: The Police Officers Did Not Confess]. Online: http://index.hu/bulvar/zsanmv1117/ Index (6 March 2009): A kiskunlacházi ügy egy tízezer darabos puzzle [The Case of Kiskunlacháza Is a Puzzle of Ten Thousand Pieces]. Online: http://index.hu/bulvar/2009/03/06/a_kiskunlachazi_ugy_egy_tizezer_darabos_puzzle/ Index (10 July 2012): Tízezren keresik az eltűnt lányt a Facebookon [Ten Thousand on Facebook Looking for the Missing Girl]. Online: http://index.hu/belfold/2012/07/10/tizezren_keresik_az_eltunt_lanyt_a_facebookon/ Index (19 July 2012a): Minden nőt megkaphatott [He Could Have All the Women]. Online: http://index.hu/belfold/2012/07/19/ha_otthon_volt_figyeltek_a_rendorok/ Index (19 July 2012b): Csinos, érdekes, és cigány ölte meg [Pretty, Interesting and Killed by a Gypsy]. Online: http://index.hu/belfold/2012/07/19/csinos_fiatal_a_facebook-generacio_tagja/ Index (23 July 2012): Eltemették Bándy Katát [Kata Bándy Buried]. Online: http://index.hu/belfold/2012/07/23/eltemettek_bandy_katat/ Index (18 February 2013): Betemetik P. Lászlót a hazugságai [László P. Cannot Follow His Own Lies]. Online: http://index.hu/belfold/2013/02/18/betemetik_p._laszlot_a_hazugsagai/ Index (19 February 2013): A Bándy-ügyben egy hobbinyomozó civil lekörözte a rendőröket [A Civilian Hobby Investigator Runs Rings Round Police in Bándy Case]. Online: http://index.hu/belfold/2013/02/19/a_bandy-ugyben_egy_hobbinyomozo_civil_lekorozte_a_rendoroket/ Index (5 April 2013): Eddig volt, és nincs tovább [So Far and No Further]. Online: http://index.hu/belfold/2013/04/05/eddig_volt_es_nincs_tovabb/ Index (25 July 2015): Orbán ügyes csapdát állított a baloldalnak Tusnádfürdőn [Orbán Set a Clever Trap for the Left Wing]. Online: http://index.hu/belfold/2015/07/25/orban_tusvanyos_tusnadfurdo_2015_bevandorlas_nemzeti_konzultacio/ Index (1 April 2017): Szilveszterkor erőszakolt egy szír férfi Budapesten [A Syrian Man Raped Someone on New Year’s Eve in Budapest]. Online: http://index.hu/belfold/2017/01/04/szexualis_eroszak_szir_budapest_szilveszter/ MTI (6 March 2009): A bűnügyi igazgató szerint 10.000 darabos puzzle-kirakót “illesztgetnek össze” a nyomozók [According to the Criminal Director, 10,000 Pieces of Puzzle Are “Pieced Together” by Investigators]. Online: http://archiv1988-2005.mti.hu/Pages/HirSearch.aspx?Pmd=1 MTI (27 January 2016): Illegális bevándorlás – Berlin visszafogottságra inti Moszkvát az állítólagosan elrabolt és megerőszakolt berlini német–orosz lány ügyében [Illegal Migration – Berlin Calls on Moscow to Show Restraint over Alleged Abduction and Rape of German–Russian Girl in Berlin]. Online: http://archiv1988-2005.mti.hu/Pages/HirSearch.aspx?Pmd=1 MTI (2 September 2016): Illegális bevándorlás – Szinte mindennaposak a zaklatások a mühlhauseni pályaudvar környékén [Illegal Migration – Almost Daily Harassment around Mühlhausen Station]. Online: http://archiv1988-2005.mti.hu/Pages/HirSearch.aspx?Pmd=1 MTI (23 September 2016): Fidesz–KDNP: ahol a migránsok megjelentek, ott nincs biztonság [Fidesz–KDNP: Where Migrants Appear, There Is No Security Anymore]. Online: http://archiv1988-2005.mti.hu/Pages/HirSearch.aspx?Pmd=1" ["copyrightYear"]=> int(2023) ["issueId"]=> int(488) ["licenseUrl"]=> string(49) "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" ["pages"]=> string(7) "141-163" ["pub-id::doi"]=> string(20) "10.32577/mr.2023.1.9" ["abstract"]=> array(1) { ["en_US"]=> string(1228) "

In political and media rhetoric throughout Europe, migrants and refugees are often linked to crime; especially to gender-based crimes. This paper, focusing on Hungary, examines whether media discourses perpetuate this image and to what extent do other attributes of offenders (such as ethnicity and class) influence the way the media represent those involved in rape cases. The 720 articles sampled for this study were analysed using qualitative content analysis and critical discourse analysis, with Lindgren and Lundström’s model on inside victims/offenders and outside victims/offenders and Nils Christie’s theory on ideal victims being applied to the findings. Results show that the media in Hungary is more likely to grant victim status to those who are insiders (Hungarian, white, middle class) when their offenders are outsiders (migrant, Roma, lower class), while socially marginalised offenders are automatically externalised. The paper also shows that marginalised people are externalised collectively, while insiders are externalised individually. The application of Christie’s theory further strengthens the relational hypothesis that the ideal (or outsider) offender makes the ideal victim.

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object(Publication)#111 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(28) { ["id"]=> int(6719) ["accessStatus"]=> int(0) ["datePublished"]=> string(10) "2023-08-01" ["lastModified"]=> string(19) "2023-08-01 13:09:08" ["primaryContactId"]=> int(8302) ["sectionId"]=> int(134) ["seq"]=> int(1) ["submissionId"]=> int(6595) ["status"]=> int(3) ["version"]=> int(1) ["categoryIds"]=> array(0) { } ["citationsRaw"]=> string(1413) "AASA (s. a.): In-House Security vs. Contract Security. Online: https://www.aasecurityagency.com/post/inhouse-security-vs-contract-security Dobos, Piroska (2019): Munkaviszony kontra vállalkozói jogviszony a személy- és vagyonvédelmi tevékenység keretein belül [Employment Relationship vs. Entrepreneurial Relationship within the Framework of Personal and Property Protection Activities]. Bánki Közlemények, 2(2), 63–69. Finkel, Ed (2019): Contracted vs. In-House Guarding: No Universal Right Answer. Online: https://www. securitymagazine.com/articles/91346-contracted-vs-in-house-guarding-no-universal-rightanswer Johnson, Michelle (2017): Service Level Agreement (SLA) for Private Security Companies. Online: https://www.deggy.com/sla-for-private-security-companies.html Regényi, Kund – Jasenszky, Nándor – Lippai, Zsolt (2022): A biztonságtudatosság fogalma, annak fejlődése a nemzetbiztonság, a terrorizmus elleni küzdelem és a magánbiztonság szempontjából [The Concept of Security Awareness, Its Development from the Point of View of National Security, Counterterrorism and Private Security]. Belügyi Szemle, 70 (Special Issue 1), 123–137. Online: https://doi.org/10.38146/BSZ.SPEC.2022.1.7 Legal references Act XCIII of 1993 on Labour Safety Act CXXXIII of 2005 on the personal and property protection and the private detective activities Act I of 2012 on the Labour Code" ["copyrightYear"]=> int(2023) ["issueId"]=> int(488) ["licenseUrl"]=> string(49) "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" ["pages"]=> string(7) "165-171" ["pub-id::doi"]=> string(21) "10.32577/mr.2023.1.10" ["abstract"]=> array(1) { ["en_US"]=> string(582) "

There are questions in the field of physical security that are hard to answer. One such existing dilemma is whether to choose contracted or in-house guarding. Deploying security officers is a must in almost every security system to appropriately handle system-related risks, so most security managers meet this problem during their careers. Since there is no “one size fits all” solution to this problem, in this article, various points of view are shown to help security professionals decide between the two types of service when the question is on the table.

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tanársegéd

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object(Publication)#810 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(28) { ["id"]=> int(6802) ["accessStatus"]=> int(0) ["datePublished"]=> string(10) "2023-08-01" ["lastModified"]=> string(19) "2023-08-01 13:09:07" ["primaryContactId"]=> int(8406) ["sectionId"]=> int(134) ["seq"]=> int(2) ["submissionId"]=> int(6678) ["status"]=> int(3) ["version"]=> int(1) ["categoryIds"]=> array(0) { } ["citationsRaw"]=> string(4158) "Bakosné Böröcz, Mária (2016): A környezeti kockázatok kezelése és a környezeti menedzsment rendszerek jelentősége a gyakorlatban. Gödöllő: Szent István Egyetemi Kiadó. Online: http://real.mtak.hu/id/eprint/34958 Boda, József ed. (2019): Rendészettudományi szaklexikon. Budapest: Dialóg Campus. Borgulya Istvánné Vető, Ágnes Ágota (2017): Kommunikációmenedzsment a vállalati értékteremtésben. Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó. Online: https://doi.org/10.1556/9789634540175 Chikán, Attila (2008): Vállalatgazdaságtan. Budapest: Aula Kiadó. Online: https://doi.org/10.1556/9789634545897 Christián, László (2022): Komplementer rendészet. Budapest: Ludovika University Press. CoESS – UNI-Europa (2014). Buying Quality Private Security Services. Brussels: CoESS. Online: https://www.securebestvalue.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/Best-Value-Manual_Final.pdf Felméry, Zoltán (2018): Az állam és a magánvállalatok szerepvállalása a belbiztonsági szektorban (2000–2016) Elméleti kiindulópontok és mérési módszerek. Doctoral (PhD) Dissertation. Budapesti Corvinus Egyetem Gazdálkodástani Doktori Iskola. Fogarasi, Attila – Szűcs, Endre (2021): A szabványos irányítási rendszerek fejlődése, integrációja. Biztonságtudományi Szemle, 3(2), 1–13. Greiner, Larry E. (1998): Evolution and Revolution as Organizations Grow. Harvard Business Review, (6–7). Hungarian Standards Institution (2018): MSZ EN ISO 19011: 2018 Útmutató irányítási rendszerek auditálásához. Budapest: MSZT. International Organization for Standardization (2022): ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. Online: https://www.iso.org/sites/directives/current/consolidated/index.xhtml#_idTextAnchor535 Kocziszky, György – Kardkovács, Kolos (2020): A compliance szerepe a közösségi értékek és érdekek védelmében. Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó. Online: https://doi.org/10.1556/9789634545972 Matiscsákné Lizák, Marianna ed. (2016): Emberi erőforrás gazdálkodás. Budapest: Wolters Kluwer. Online: https://doi.org/10.55413/9789632956176 Némethné Pál, Katalin (2000): A vevői elégedettség mérésének szerepe és története. Marketing és Menedzsment, 34(2), 45–51. Online: https://journals.lib.pte.hu/index.php/mm/article/view/1819/1654 Paár, Dávid – Ambrus, Rita Anna – Szóka, Károly (2021): Gazdasági elemzés a beszámolók információi alapján. Sopron: Soproni Egyetem Kiadó. Online: https://doi.org/10.35511/978-963-334-402-6 Rekettye, Gábor (2016): Marketing a magyar kisvállalatoknak. Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó. Online: https://doi.org/10.1556/9789630597777 Salamonné Huszty, Anna (2008): Fejlődési ciklusok és stratégiák a magyarországi kisés középvállalkozások gyakorlatában. XXI. Század – Tudományos Közlemények, (19), 19–44. Security Industry Authority (2023): SIA Register of Approved Contractors. Online: https://www.services.sia.homeoffice.gov.uk/Pages/acs-roac.aspx?all Tiszolczi, Balázs Gergely (2019): Fizikai biztonsági kontrollok tervezésének és alkalmazásának gyakorlata az ISO/IEC 27001 szabvány elvárásainak tükrében. Hungarian Law Enforcement, 19(2–3), 233–249. Online: https://doi.org/10.32577/mr.2019.2-3.12 Zéman, Zoltán – Béhm, Imre (2017): A pénzügyi menedzsment controll elemzési eszköztára. Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó. Online: https://doi.org/10.1556/9789634540137 Шарвонова, Дильдора Уктамовна (2017): Haциональный стандарт ГОСТР 66.9.04-2017 «Оценка опыта и деловой репутации субъектов предпринимательской деятельности. Национальная система стандартов. Оценка опыта и деловой репутации охранных организаций». In Дулясова, М. (ed.): Всероссийская научно-практическая конференция “Комплексная безопасность образовательных организаций: теория и практика”. Moszkva: Восточная печать. 77–78." ["copyrightYear"]=> int(2023) ["issueId"]=> int(488) ["licenseUrl"]=> string(49) "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" ["pages"]=> string(7) "173-189" ["pub-id::doi"]=> string(21) "10.32577/mr.2023.1.11" ["abstract"]=> array(1) { ["en_US"]=> string(680) "

The study was prepared for the research on the creation of the certification system for private security companies operating in Hungary. I hereby present the place of private security in the Hungarian law enforcement system and examine the operation of the certification system for private security companies in international practice. Based on international experience and taking into account laws applicable to businesses, I have developed a criteria system for the pre-certification of businesses. I have also created separate evaluation criteria systems for assessing the financial stability, size, market share and quality of services provided by companies.

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object(Publication)#831 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(28) { ["id"]=> int(6781) ["accessStatus"]=> int(0) ["datePublished"]=> string(10) "2023-08-01" ["lastModified"]=> string(19) "2023-08-01 13:09:07" ["primaryContactId"]=> int(8381) ["sectionId"]=> int(134) ["seq"]=> int(3) ["submissionId"]=> int(6657) ["status"]=> int(3) ["version"]=> int(1) ["categoryIds"]=> array(0) { } ["citationsRaw"]=> string(7917) "A Magyar Köztársaság Legfelsőbb Bírósága (2007): Ítélet. Online: https://tasz.hu/files/tasz/imce/cctv_itelet_LB_0.pdf Abramson, Albert (2007): The History of Television, 1942 to 2000. Jefferson: McFarland & Company. Birken, Paul (1962): Der Einsatz von Industrie-Fernsehanlagen zu den Industrie-Messen in Hannover. Polizei, Technik, Verkehr, 4, 161–164. Boda, József (2019): Rendészettudományi Szaklexikon. Budapest: Dialóg Campus. Christián, László – Rottler, Voletta (2019): A magánbiztonság és az önkormányzati rendészet fogalomrendszere. In Christián, László – Major, László – Szabó, Csaba (eds.): Biztonsági vezetői kézikönyv. Budapest: Dialóg Campus. Online: https://doi.org/10.38146/BSZ.2018.11.8 Der Spiegel (1956): Auge über der Kreuzung. Der Spiegel, (23), 42–44. Der Spiegel (1977): Fernsehmäßig im Griff. Der Spiegel, (1–2), 52–53. Doyle, Aaron – Lippert, Randy – Lyon, David (2013): Eyes Everywhere. The Global Growth of Camera Surveillance. Abingdon: Routledge. Online: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203141625 Dusza, Erika (1996): Rendőrségi kamerák akcióban. Magyar Hírlap, 29(136), 18. Folketinget (2020): L 102 Forslag til lov om ændring af lov om tv-overvågning. Online: https://www.ft.dk/samling/20191/lovforslag/l102/index.htm Frois, Catarina (2011): Video Surveillance in Portugal. Social Analysis, 55(3), 35–53. Online: https://doi.org/10.3167/sa.2011.550303 Gill, Martin – Spriggs, Angela (2005): Assessing the Impact of CCTV. Home Office Research. Glinsky, Albert (2000): Theremin. Ether Music and Espionage. 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Brussels Studies, 104. Online: https://doi.org/10.4000/brussels.1427 Kép- és Hangtechnika (1959): Hírek. Kép- és Hangtechnika, 5(2), 50. Kistler, Josef (1965): Die fahrbare Fernsehanlage der Stadtpolizei München. Die Polizei, 56(6), 166–168. L. László, János (2002): Már kilenc kerületben működnek térfigyelők. Magyar Hírlap, 35(78), 8. Lasse, Skytt (2021). Overvågning i samfundet. Faktalink, November 2021. Online: https://faktalink.dk/overvagning-samfundet Lauritsen, Peter – Feuerbach, Andreas (2015): CCTV in Denmark 1954–1982. Surveillance and Society, 13(3–4), 528–538. Online: https://doi.org/10.24908/ss.v13i3/4.4560 Lewandowski, Jakub – Matczak, Piotr (2015): Monitoring wizyjny jako narzędzie prewencji kryminalnej – analiza skuteczności systemu monitoringu w Poznaniu. Samorząd Terytorialny, (7–8), 126–143. Lewis, Paul (2011): You’re Being Watched: There’s One CCTV Camera for Every 32 People in UK. The Guardian, 02 March 2011. Online: https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2011/mar/02/cctvcameras-watching-surveillance Ligeti, György (1963): Termelésirányító berendezések. Népszerű Technika, 12(9), 270–271. Luther, Edgar (1965): Die neue Verkehrsleitzentrale in München. Polizei, Technik, Verkehr, 3(Special Issue), 46–51. Magyar Hírlap (2000): Térfigyelő kamerákat szereltek fel Óbudán. Magyar Hírlap, 33(263), 15. Magyar Nemzet (1967): Napi Krónika. Magyar Nemzet, 23(157), 6. Martin, Heinrich (1959): Fernsehen zur Verkehrsregelung. Kriminalistik, 13(6), 503–507. Military Notes (1949): Military Notes Around The World. Professional Journal of the United States Army, 29(6), 65. Mitrou, Lilian – Drogkaris, Prokopios – Leventakis, George (2017): Perceptions of Videosurveillance in Greece. In Friedewald, Michael – Burgess, Peter J. – Čas, Johann–Bellanova, Rocco – Peissl, Walter (eds.): Surveillance, Privacy and Security. Citizens’ Perspectives. London: Routledge. 123–138. 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Tenczer, Gábor (1997): Üzemben a Váci utcai kamerák. Népszava, 125(251), 3. The Local (2017): 60 Percent of Danes Want More Surveillance: Survey. The Local, 15 May 2017. Online: https://www.thelocal.dk/20170515/60-percent-of-danes-want-more-surveillancesurvey/?utm_tracker=1722735x84899 Töpfer, Eric – Hempel, Leon – Cameron, Heather (2003): Watching the Bear. Networks and Islands of Visual Surveillance in Berlin. Online: https://www.urbaneye.net/results/ue_wp8.pdf Wiecek, Carsten – Sætnan, Ann Rudinow (2022): Restrictive? Permissive? The Contradictory Framing of Video Surveillance in Norway and Denmark. Online: https://www.urbaneye.net/results/ue_wp4.pdf Williams, Chris A. (2003): Police Surveillance and the Emergence of CCTV in the 1960s. Crime Prevention and Community Safety, 5(3), 27–37. Online: https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.cpcs.8140153 Williams, Katherine S. – Johnstone, Craig – Goodwin, Mark (2014): CCTV Surveillance in Urban Britain: Beyond the Rhetoric of Crime Prevention. In Gold, R. John – Revill, George (eds.): Landscapes of Defence. London: Routledge. 168–187. Online: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315838656 Wolf, Jiří (2010): Městský kamerový systém hl. m. Prahy fungování a historie. Online: https://www.praha.eu/public/c2/33/f6/772876_62687_MKS_8._10.pdf" ["copyrightYear"]=> int(2023) ["issueId"]=> int(488) ["licenseUrl"]=> string(49) "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" ["pages"]=> string(7) "191-204" ["pub-id::doi"]=> string(21) "10.32577/mr.2023.1.12" ["abstract"]=> array(1) { ["en_US"]=> string(854) "

Video surveillance systems are used today in many parts of the world in public spaces. Although most publications date the appearance of the systems in public spaces to the 1980s, the use of the systems by the British police dates back 60 years. However, the actual spread of these systems has only been significant since the 1990s, as the development of technology made it possible to produce images of a quality that can be well utilised for the suppression and detection of crime through constant and intensive surveillance of public spaces at a cost-effective price. The speed of spread, size of infrastructure, mode of supervision and use, and the purpose of installation of the systems vary from country to country in Europe. This is mainly determined by the political, social, criminal, economic and legal context of the country.

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szaktanár

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object(Publication)#116 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(28) { ["id"]=> int(6672) ["accessStatus"]=> int(0) ["datePublished"]=> string(10) "2023-08-01" ["lastModified"]=> string(19) "2023-08-01 13:09:10" ["primaryContactId"]=> int(8241) ["sectionId"]=> int(135) ["seq"]=> int(1) ["submissionId"]=> int(6548) ["status"]=> int(3) ["version"]=> int(1) ["categoryIds"]=> array(0) { } ["citationsRaw"]=> string(3702) "Gödri, Irén – Csányi, Zoltán (2020): Immigration from the Former Soviet Union to Hungary: Economic Mobility Rooted in Historical Links and Ethnic Ties. In Denisenko, Mikhail – Strozza, Salvatore – Light, Matthew (eds.): Migration from the Newly Independent States. 25 Years After the Collapse of the USSR. Cham: Springer. 483–510. Online: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36075-7 Gödri, Irén – Horváth, Veronika (2021): Nemzetközi Vándorlás [International migration]. In Monostori, Judit – Őri, Péter – Spéder, Zsolt (eds.): Demográfiai portré 2021. Budapest: KSH Népességtudományi Kutatóintézet. 227–250. Online: https://demografia.hu/kiadvanyokonline/index.php/demografiaiportre/issue/view/592 Karácsonyi, Dávid – Kincses, Áron (2010a): Az elvándorlás hatása a kárpátaljai magyarság helyzetére [The Impact of Emigration on the Situation of Hungarians in Transcarpathia]. Földrajzi Közlemények, 134(1), 31–43. Online: http://geogr.elte.hu/TGF/TGF_Cikkek/kdujcikk3.pdf Karácsonyi, Dávid – Kincses, Áron (2010b): Ukrán állampolgárok Magyarországon: nemzeti összetartozás és gazdasági kényszer [Ukrainian Citizens in Hungary: National Unity and Economic Coercion]. Területi Statisztika, 13(3), 334–349. Online: https://www.ksh.hu/docs/hun/xftp/terstat/2010/03/ts2010_03_07.pdf Kincses, Áron (2020): A nemzetközi vándorlás területi hálózatai a Kárpát-medencében, 2011–2017 [Geographical Networks of International Migration in the Carpathian Basin, 2011–2017]. Budapest: KSH. Online: https://www.ksh.hu/docs/hun/xftp/idoszaki/pdf/monografia.pdf Kovács, Csaba – Rovács, Barna (2021): Magyarok a Kárpát-medencében – a népszámlálási adatok tükrében [Hungarians in the Carpathian Basin – in the Light of Census Data]. Századvég, (3), 61–83. Online: https://szazadvegkiado.hu/custom/szazadvegkiado/image/data/srattached/d05b1da66382ec70049d7876b24716b7_szazadveg_21.3_web.pdf KSH (2022): A munkaerőpiac legfontosabb évközi adatai, negyedévente [Key Labour Market Data, Mid-Year Figures]. Hungarian Central Statistical Office (HCSO). Online: https://www.ksh.hu/stadat_files/mun/hu/mun0096.html Malynovska, Olena (2020): International Migration of Ukrainian Population Since Independence. In Denisenko, Mikhail – Strozza, Salvatore – Light, Matthew (eds.): Migration from the Newly Independent States. 25 Years After the Collapse of the USSR. Cham: Springer. 169–186. Online: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36075-7 Molnár, József – Molnár, D. István (2005): Kárpátalja népessége és magyarsága a népszámlálási és népmozgalmi adatok tükrében [Population of Transcarpathia Including the Hungarian Minority in Light of the Census and Population Statistics]. Beregszász: Kárpátaljai Magyar Pedagógusszövetség Tankönyv- és Taneszköztanácsa. Online: https://konyvbirodalom.at.ua/term_tud/Molnar_Jozsef_-_Karpatalja_nepessege.pdf Tátrai, Patrik – Molnár, József – Molnár, D. István – Kovály, Katalin – Erőss, Ágnes – Ferenc, Viktória – Rákóczi, Krisztián (2018): A migrációs folyamatok hatása a kárpátaljai magyarok számának alakulására [Impact of Migration Processes on the Number of Hungarians in Transcarpathia]. Metszetek, 7(1), 5–29. Online: https://doi.org/10.18392/metsz/2018/1/1 The World Bank (2022): GDP Per Capita (Constant 2015 US$) – Ukraine, Moldova, Albania, Georgia, Armenia. Online: https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.PCAP.KD?end=2021&locations=UA-MD-AL-GE-AM&start=2014 United Nations (2020): International Migrant Stock. Online: https://www.un.org/development/desa/pd/content/international-migrant-stock" ["copyrightYear"]=> int(2023) ["issueId"]=> int(488) ["licenseUrl"]=> string(49) "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" ["pages"]=> string(7) "205-217" ["pub-id::doi"]=> string(21) "10.32577/mr.2023.1.13" ["abstract"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(929) "

The article analyses the changing characteristics of migration from Ukraine to Hungary, also looking at the period before 2010, but mainly at the period between 2010 and 2022. Migration from Ukraine has undergone a number of changes during the period under study due to the socio-economic processes in Ukraine and the war that has broken out in the meantime. Of course, changes in the legal and economic characteristics of Hungary have also had an impact on migration between the two countries. In the course of the analysis, the article takes stock of the changes in legislation and social processes that have taken place and illustrates the impact of these changes on migration with statistical data, highlighting forced migration triggered by the war.

The data show that migration from Ukraine has been one of the most important factors influencing the overall migration process in Hungary.

" ["hu_HU"]=> string(929) "

The article analyses the changing characteristics of migration from Ukraine to Hungary, also looking at the period before 2010, but mainly at the period between 2010 and 2022. Migration from Ukraine has undergone a number of changes during the period under study due to the socio-economic processes in Ukraine and the war that has broken out in the meantime. Of course, changes in the legal and economic characteristics of Hungary have also had an impact on migration between the two countries. In the course of the analysis, the article takes stock of the changes in legislation and social processes that have taken place and illustrates the impact of these changes on migration with statistical data, highlighting forced migration triggered by the war.

The data show that migration from Ukraine has been one of the most important factors influencing the overall migration process in Hungary.

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object(Publication)#180 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(28) { ["id"]=> int(6690) ["accessStatus"]=> int(0) ["datePublished"]=> string(10) "2023-08-01" ["lastModified"]=> string(19) "2023-08-01 13:09:09" ["primaryContactId"]=> int(8270) ["sectionId"]=> int(94) ["seq"]=> int(1) ["submissionId"]=> int(6566) ["status"]=> int(3) ["version"]=> int(1) ["categoryIds"]=> array(0) { } ["citationsRaw"]=> string(5048) "Acorn, Annalise E. (2004): Compulsory Compassion. A Critique of Restorative Justice. Vancouver: UBC Press. De Campos, Carmen H. – de Oliveira, Cristina R. (2021): Judicial Restorative Justice and Domestic Violence in Brazil: Setting Problems and Challenges from the Field. International Journal for Crime, Justice and Social Democracy, 10(4), 146–157. Online: https://doi.org/10.5204/ijcjsd.2015 Coker, Donna (2002): Transformative Justice: Anti-Subordination Processes in Cases of Domestic Violence. In Strang, Heather – Braithwaite, John (eds.): Restorative Justice and Family Violence. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 128–152. Dissel, Amanda – Ngubeni, Kindiza (2003): Giving Women Their Voice: Domestic Violence and Restorative Justice in South Africa. Centre for the Study of Violence and Reconciliation. Edwards, Alan – Sharpe, Susan (2004): Restorative Justice in the Context of Domestic Violence: A Literature Review. Edmonton, Alberta: Mediation and Restorative Justice Centre. Online: https://s3.amazonaws.com/mrjc/restorative_justice_DV_Lit_Review.pdf European Institute for Gender Equality (2021): Covid-19 and Gender-based Violence. Online: https://eige.europa.eu/covid-19-and-gender-equality/gender-based-violence#formoreinformation Goel, Rashmi (2000): No Women at the Center: The Use of the Canadian Sentencing Circle in Domestic Violence Cases. Wisconsin Women’s Law Journal, 15(293). Gready, Paul – Robins, Simon (2014): From Transitional to Transformative Justice: A New Agenda for Practice. International Journal of Transitional Justice, 8(3), 339–361. Online: https://doi.org/10.1093/ijtj/iju013 Hartman, Jennifer L. – Belknap, Joanne (2003): Beyond the Gatekeepers: Court Professionals’ Self-Reported Attitudes About and Experiences with Misdemeanor Domestic Violence Cases. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 30(3), 349–373. Online: https://doi.org/10.1177/0093854803030003005 Hester, Marianne (2006): Making It Through the Criminal Justice System: Attrition and Domestic Violence. Social Policy and Society, 5(1), 79–90. Online: https://doi.org/10.1017/S1474746405002769 Jokinen, Heidi (2020): The Limits of Hospitality?: The Role of Restorative Justice in Domestic Violence Cases. Approaching Religion, 10(2), 37–52. Online: https://doi.org/10.30664/ar.91773 Marshall, Tony F. (1998): Restorative Justice. An Overview. London: Home Office Research Development and Statistics Directorate. McPhee, Duncan – Hester, Marianne – Bates, Lis – Lilley-Walker, Sarah J. – Patsios, Demi (2022): Criminal Justice Responses to Domestic Violence and Abuse in England: An Analysis of Case Attrition and Inequalities Using Police Data. Policing and Society, 32( 8), 963–980. Online: https://doi.org/10.1080/10439463.2021.2003358 Mills, Linda G. – Barocas, Briana – Butters, Robert P. – Ariel, Barak (2019): A Randomized Controlled Trial of Restorative Justice Informed Treatment for Domestic Violence Crimes. Nature Human Behaviour, 3(12), 1284–1294. Online: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-019-0724-1 Paymar, Michael (2000): Violent No More: Helping Men End Domestic Abuse (Revised Edition). Alameda, California: Hunter House Publications. Patthy, L. Imre (2020): Sokkal több a bejelentés családon belüli erőszak miatt a karantén idején [There Are Many More Reports of Domestic Violence during the Quarantine]. Index, 25 November 2020. Online: https://index.hu/belfold/2020/11/25/csaladon_beluli_eroszak_bejelentes_karanten/ Pelikan, Christa (2002): Victim–Offender Mediation in Domestic Violence Cases – A Comparison of the Effects of Criminal Law Intervention: The Penal Process and Mediation. Doing Qualitative Research. Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 3(1), 1–21. Online: https://doi.org/10.17169/fqs-3.1.880 Pelikan, Christa (2010): On the Efficacy of Victim–Offender Mediation in Cases of Partnership Violence in Austria, or: Men Don’t Get Better but Women Get Stronger: Is It Still True? Outcomes of an Empirical Study. European Journal of Criminal Policy Research, 16(1), 49–67. Online: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10610-010-9117-8 Pence, Ellen – Paymar, Michael (1993): Education Groups for Men who Batter. New York: Springer. Online: https://doi.org/10.1891/9780826179913 Stover, Carla Smith (2005): Domestic Violence Research: What Have We Learned and Where Do We Go from Here? Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 20(4), 448–454. Online: https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260504267755 Stubbs, Julie (2007): Beyond Apology? Domestic Violence and Critical Questions for Restorative Justice. Criminology and Criminal Justice, 7(2), 169–187. Online: https://doi.org/10.1177/1748895807075570 Walker, Lenore E. (1989): Terrifying Love. Why Battered Women Kill and How Society Responds. New York: Harper & Row. Westmarland, Nicole – McGlynn, Clare – Humphreys, Clarissa (2018): Using Restorative Justice Approaches to Police Domestic Violence and Abuse. Journal of Gender-Based Violence, 2(2), 339–358. Online: https://doi.org/10.1332/239868018X15266373253417" ["copyrightYear"]=> int(2023) ["issueId"]=> int(488) ["licenseUrl"]=> string(49) "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" ["pages"]=> string(7) "219-230" ["pub-id::doi"]=> string(21) "10.32577/mr.2023.1.14" ["abstract"]=> array(1) { ["en_US"]=> string(1631) "

Domestic violence (DV) is sometimes called a hidden crime because in many cases victims do not report the offence to the police. DV includes child abuse, intimate partner violence and elder abuse and comes in many forms, such as physical, sexual, emotional or financial abuse.3

Using restorative justice (RJ) methods in cases of DV is a highly controversial topic.4 However, in many countries around the world restorative practices are used in these cases with appropriate safeguarding in place.5

The aim of this article is to explore the different types of RJ methods and the different types of DV cases where these methods might be used with the potential benefits and challenges being discussed.

Relevant articles and case studies were analysed to present previously conducted research on the topic of DV and RJ.

The available literature shows that certain RJ practices are appropriate in certain types of DV cases but they need to be evaluated on an individual basis as these types of cases are very complex and need to be screened thoroughly before any kind of intervention. However, in addressing the concerns surrounding the use of RJ in DV cases, it is vital to listen to the victims themselves, by first giving them a voice.

In conclusion, professionals working with victims and offenders of DV cases need to work more closely with others who work in RJ in order to make the process safer and to utilise the potential benefits of the process.

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full-time PhD student

" ["hu_HU"]=> string(29) "

nappalis PhD hallgató

" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(7) "Schmidt" ["hu_HU"]=> string(7) "Schmidt" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(5) "Laura" ["hu_HU"]=> string(5) "Laura" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "en_US" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } ["keywords"]=> array(1) { ["en_US"]=> array(3) { [0]=> string(17) "domestic violence" [1]=> string(19) "restorative justice" [2]=> string(31) "alternative conflict resolution" } } ["subjects"]=> array(0) { } ["disciplines"]=> array(0) { } ["languages"]=> array(0) { } ["supportingAgencies"]=> array(0) { } ["galleys"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(ArticleGalley)#769 (7) { ["_submissionFile"]=> NULL ["_data"]=> array(9) { ["submissionFileId"]=> int(29276) ["id"]=> int(5483) ["isApproved"]=> bool(false) ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["label"]=> string(3) "PDF" ["publicationId"]=> int(6690) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["urlPath"]=> string(0) "" ["urlRemote"]=> string(0) "" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(true) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) }

object(Publication)#723 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(28) { ["id"]=> int(6697) ["accessStatus"]=> int(0) ["datePublished"]=> string(10) "2023-08-01" ["lastModified"]=> string(19) "2023-08-01 13:09:08" ["primaryContactId"]=> int(8277) ["sectionId"]=> int(108) ["seq"]=> int(1) ["submissionId"]=> int(6573) ["status"]=> int(3) ["version"]=> int(1) ["categoryIds"]=> array(0) { } ["citationsRaw"]=> string(3483) "Ambrus, Péter (2008): Az igazi kommandó. Budapest: Urbis. Balogh, László – Bernáth, Mihály – Szeman, László (1993): Rendőrségi almanach. Budapest: VIVA Média Management – Zsaru Magazin. Blikk (2009): Halálzárkában várt az akasztásra. Blikk, 21 January 2009. Online: https://www.blikk.hu/aktualis/halalzarkaban-vart-az-akasztasra/knxq4pg Chalk, Peter (2013): Encyclopedia of Terrorism. Vol 2. Santa Barbara: ABC-CLIO. Finta, Kata (2007): Túszdráma Balassagyarmaton. Egy szemtanú visszaemlékezése. Online: https://mek.oszk.hu/05000/05036/html/ Flavius, Josephus (1948): A zsidó háború. Budapest: Káldor György Könyvkiadóvállalat. Forró, János (2011): A Kádár-rendszer rendvédelmi szervezetei a BM Karhatalom és a Készenléti Rendőri Ezred. Rendvédelem történeti Füzetek, 20(23), 36–59. Fóti, Andor (1968): Kelepcében az alvilág. Budapest: Zrínyi Katonai Kiadó. Hegedűs, Ernő (2010): Terrorelhárító erők szervezése a rendvédelmi szervezeteknél és a légideszant csapatoknál. Rendvédelem történeti Füzetek, 19(22), 53–59. Heves Megyei Hírlap (1995): A magyar Rambók nem lőnek? (1) Heves Megyei Hírlap, 6(159), 4. Huszadik Század (1946): Már az első próbálkozásnál pórul járt az új vetkőztető banda. Online: https://www.huszadikszazad.hu/1946-szeptember/bulvar/mar-az-elso-probalkozasnal-porul-jart-az-ujvetkozteto-banda Kiss, László (s. a.): Regényes életem. Egy terrorelhárító visszaemlékezései. Manuscript in possession of the author. Kelet-Magyarország (1987): Kolumbia nagykövete túl az életveszélyen. Kelet-Magyarország, 44(12), 4. Mackay, Francis (2007): A Normandiai Partraszállás Előzményei. Különleges műveletek a D-napot megelőzően. Debrecen: Gold Book Kiadó. Magyar Rádió (1947): „R” az alvilág réme. Magyar Rádió, (3)14, 8–9. Maras, Marie-Helen (2016): A terrorizmus elmélete és gyakorlata. Budapest: Antall József Tudásközpont. Ministry of the Interior (1972): 50-684/1972 számú utasítás a Készenléti Rendőri Ezred Ügyrendjéről (1972. november 28). ÁBTL parancsok gyűjteménye. Online: https://abparancsok.hu/sites/default/files/parancsok/50-684_1972.pdf Ministry of the Interior (1990): Segédlet a megyei terrorelhárító csoportok kiképzéséhez II. Mesterlövő alapismeretek. Budapest: BM Könyvkiadó. Ministry of the Interior (1994): A Rendőrség Különleges Szolgálatának 23/63/94 sz. jegyzete az RKSZ-nél rendszeresített kötélzetekről és ereszkedési módszerekről. Origo (1999): Elfogták a whiskys rablót. Origo, 27 October 1999. Online: https://www.origo.hu/itthon/19991027elfogtak.html Pap, András László (2007): Rendvédelem, terrorizmus, emberi jogok. Székesfehérvár: Kodolányi János Főiskola. Schreck, Csilla (2003): Mater Dolorosa – avagy Erzsébet királyné halála az országos közvéleményben. Miskolci Egyetem Bölcsészettudományi Kara tudományos diákköri közleményei, (2), 1–12. Serbakov, Márton Tibor (2019): A terrorizmus definíciójának kérdése. Büntetőjogi Szemle, (2), 87–100. Szórádi, István – Faragó, Ottó (2002): Egy kommandós élete. Magánkiadás. Tóth, Lóránd (1995): Magyar kommandóskönyv. Budapest: Bereményi Könyvkiadó. Vezda, János (1990): Hóhérkommandó. Belügyis bérgyilkosok. Budapest: Kurír Könyvek. Zsaru Magazin (1996): A Rendőrség Különleges Szolgálata 1991–1996 [Special Police Force Hungary 1991–1996]." ["copyrightYear"]=> int(2023) ["issueId"]=> int(488) ["licenseUrl"]=> string(49) "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" ["pages"]=> string(7) "231-247" ["pub-id::doi"]=> string(21) "10.32577/mr.2023.1.15" ["abstract"]=> array(1) { ["en_US"]=> string(909) "

This paper will attempt to cover the history and evolution of the Hungarian anti-terror capability and the evolution of the dedicated Hungarian police anti-terror units from 1987 up to 2010 from a historical perspective. By using interviews and memoires of former unit members, contemporary manuals and media sources, and presenting the legal background, this paper will attempt to highlight the historical significance, the cultural heritage, and the tactical methodology behind the evolution of the Hungarian stance on terrorism and anti-terrorism from its most acute aspect, the boots on the ground and the operators behind the orders. This paper also includes a brief history and description on the different uniforms, equipment and weapon systems, highlighting the changes in tactical approaches, and varying opportunities in obtaining or developing more modern and advanced technology.

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object(Publication)#821 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(28) { ["id"]=> int(6917) ["accessStatus"]=> int(0) ["datePublished"]=> string(10) "2023-08-01" ["lastModified"]=> string(19) "2023-08-01 21:34:39" ["primaryContactId"]=> int(8560) ["sectionId"]=> int(136) ["seq"]=> int(2) ["submissionId"]=> int(6793) ["status"]=> int(3) ["version"]=> int(1) ["categoryIds"]=> array(0) { } ["citationsRaw"]=> string(8804) "Abdelhai, Jamal M. A. (2016): The Role of Media Image in Crime Prevention: A Qualitative Approach. Rasaneh, 24(3), 33–42. Online: https://doi.org/10.12816/0015907 Barnhurst, Kevin G. – Vari, Michael – Rodríguez, Ígor S. (2004): Mapping Visual Studies in Communication. Journal of Communication, 54(4), 616–644. Online: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2004.tb02648.x Barnucz, Nóra – Uricska, Erna (2020): Innovatív nyelvtanulási módszerek és módszertan a rendészeti szaknyelvi képzés vizsgálatában. Előtanulmány egy vizsgálathoz. Új Pedagógiai Szemle, 70(9–10), 53–63. Barnucz, Nóra – Uricska, Erna (2021): Kiterjesztett valóság és közösségi oldalak alkalmazása a nyelvoktatásban különös tekintettel a rendészeti szaknyelvre. Rendvédelem, 10(2), 4–48. Online: https://doi.org/10.1556/2063.29.2020.4.9 Barnucz, Nóra (2022): A digitális pedagógia alkalmazásának lehetőségei a rendészeti szaknyelvi órán. Hungarian Law Enforcement, 22(2), 183–196. Online: https://doi.org/10.32577/mr.2022.2.12 Bateson, Gregory (1972): Steps to an Ecology of Mind. Collected Essays in Anthropology, Psychiatry, Evolution, and Epistemology. San Francisco: Chandler. Bullock, Karen (2018): The Police Use of Social Media: Transformation or Normalisation? Social Policy and Society, 17(2), 245–258. Online: https://doi.org/10.1017/S1474746417000112 Chaurand, Nadine – Bossart, Floriane – Delhomme, Patricia (2015): A Naturalistic Study of the Impact of Message Framing on Highway Speeding. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 35, 37–44. 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Online: https://visionzerochallenge.org/visionzero Wessels, Bridgitte Anne (2009): Information and Communication Technologies and Policing: The Dynamics of Changing Police – Public Communication in the East End of London. Howard Journal of Criminal Justice, 48(5), 501–513. Online: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2311.2009.00591.x" ["copyrightYear"]=> int(2023) ["issueId"]=> int(488) ["licenseUrl"]=> string(49) "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" ["pages"]=> string(7) "249-262" ["pub-id::doi"]=> string(21) "10.32577/mr.2023.1.16" ["abstract"]=> array(1) { ["en_US"]=> string(1031) "

Police communication with the public is a vital process, and it should be considered a key area of research in the digital era. Until the 2000s, police messages reached the community through traditional media channels. Nowadays, there is an opportunity for e-community policing: to identify problems in the online sphere, propose solutions and improve police-community relations through the appropriate use of social networking sites. This study is a pioneering one as no research has yet been carried out that analysed the visual effects of Hungarian police communication on social media. The observed sample was collected by systematic sampling and, using the perspective of emotions as frames, a questionnaire survey was conducted among Generation Z members to investigate the elicited emotions and their persuasive effects. The aim of this empirical research is to demonstrate that visuals created by the police may be of particular importance in crime prevention. 

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