object(Publication)#692 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(28) { ["id"]=> int(7707) ["accessStatus"]=> int(0) ["datePublished"]=> string(10) "2025-03-11" ["lastModified"]=> string(19) "2025-03-11 16:21:10" ["primaryContactId"]=> int(9702) ["sectionId"]=> int(42) ["seq"]=> int(1) ["submissionId"]=> int(7583) ["status"]=> int(3) ["version"]=> int(1) ["categoryIds"]=> array(0) { } ["citationsRaw"]=> string(5391) "ALTMAN, Amnon (2012): Tracing the Earliest Recorded Concepts of International Law – The Ancient Near East (2500-330 BCE). Leiden–Boston: Martinus Nijhoff. Online: https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004222533 A magyar nemzet függetlenségi nyilatkozata. 1849. április 19. https://mek.oszk.hu/04800/04834/html/kossuth0083/kossuth0083.html ANGSTROM, Jan (2001): Towards a Typology of Internal Armed Conflict: Synthesising a Decade of Conceptual Turmoil. Civil Wars, 4(3), 93–116. Online: https://doi.org/10.1080/13698240108402480 Aquinói Szent Tamás (2014): A teológia foglalata. Második rész 2. Budapest: Gede Testvérek. ARISZTOTELÉSZ (1969): Politika. Budapest: Gondolat. BARNETT, Thomas P. M. (2004): The Pentagon’s New Map. New York: G.P. Putnam’s Sons. Online: https://archive.org/details/pentagonsnewmapw00barn BODA Mihály (2022): Az igazságos háború elméletének kiterjesztése a rendészetre: történelmi és kortárs elméletek. Az igazságos rendészet elmélete. Belügyi Szemle, 70(1), 169–185. Online: https://doi.org/10.38146/BSZ.2022.1.10 BODA Mihály (2023a): Hibrid háború: konfliktusforma a harmonikus béke és a direkt háború között – A hibrid háború katonafilozófiai értelmezése. In GŐCZE István – Padányi József (szerk.): Lehelyezett kő. Tanulmányok M. Szabó Miklós emlékére. Budapest: Ludovika, 21–28. Online: https://bit.ly/3PnHjW3 BODA Mihály (2023b): A háborús ideológiák története. Budapest: Ludovika. BODA Mihály (megjelenés előtt): A háború természetéről: háború mint a vitás kérdések rendezésének eszköze. Hadtudományi Szemle. BOEHM, Christopher (1992): Segmentary ’Warfare’ and the Management of Conflict: Comparison of East African Chimpanzees and Patrilineal-Patrilocal Humans. In HARCOURT, Alexander H. – DE WAAL, Frans B. M. (szerk.): Coalitions and Alliances in Humans and Other Animals. Oxford – New York – Tokyo: Oxford University Press. CICERO (1987): A kötelességekről. Első könyv. In Cicero válogatott művei. Budapest: Európa, 289–345. CICERO (2008): A törvények. Budapest: Debreceni Egyetem Állam- és Jogtudományi Kara – Gondolat. CLAUSEWITZ, Carl von (2013): A háborúról. Budapest: Zrínyi. DAVIE, Maurice R. (1929): The Evolution of War. New Haven: Yale University Press. DELOS, Joseph Thomas (1950): The Dialectics of War and Peace. The Thomist, 13(3), 305–324. Online: https://doi.org/10.1353/tho.1950.0012 DERRIENIC, Jean-Pierre (2004): Polgárháborúk. Pécs: Jelenkor. DUGIN, Alekszandr (2004): A geopolitika alapjai. In SISELINA, Ljubov – GAZDAG Ferenc (szerk.): Oroszország és Európa. Budapest: Zrínyi, 333–366. Entemena, Lagaš ensijének felirata (1965). In HARMATTA János (szerk.): Ókori keleti történeti chrestomathia. Budapest: Tankönyvkiadó, 92–93. FANON, Frantz (1985): A föld rabjai. Budapest: Gondolat. GROTIUS, Hugo (1999): A háború és a béke jogáról I. Budapest: Pallas Stúdió – Attraktor. IERSEL, Fred van (2019): The Future of Just War Theory. A Catholic Approach. Zürich: Lit. KALDOR, Mary (2001): New and Old Wars. Organized Violence in a Global Era. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press. KÉZAI Simon (2004): A magyarok cselekedetei. In Anonymus: A magyarok cselekedetei – Kézai Simon: A magyarok cselekedetei. Budapest: Osiris. MARX, Karl (1948): A kommunista kiáltvány. Budapest: Szikra. MOHAY Gergely (2010): A Római Birodalom igazságosságának elmélete Plybiosnál. Antik Tanulmányok, 54(1), 49–70. Online: https://doi.org/10.1556/anttan.54.2010.1.3 MÜNKLER, Herfried (2007): Empires. The Logic of World Domination from Ancient Rome to the United States. Cambridge–Malden: Polity. ODED, Bustenay (1992): War, Peace and Empire. Justifications for War in Assyrian Royal Inscriptions. Wiesbaden: Reichert Verlag. OTTERBEIN, Keith F. (2004): How War Began. [H. n.]: Texas A&M University Press. PLATÓN (1984): Az állam. In Platón összes művei II. Budapest: Európa, 5–710. POLÜBIOSZ (2002): Történeti könyvei I. kötet. Máriabesnyő–Gödöllő: Attraktor. SALLUSTIUS (1978): Catilina összeesküvése. In C. Sallustius Crispus összes művei. Budapest: Magyar Helikon, 7–56. STURZO, Luigi (1929): The International Community and the Right of War. London: George Allen & Unwin Ltd. Teremtés (1985). In RÁKOS Sándor: Gilgames – Agyagtáblák üzenete. Budapest: Szépirodalmi, 17–41. The Responsibility to Protect. Report of the International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty (2001). Ottawa: International Development Research Centre. Online: https://idl-bnc-idrc.dspacedirect.org/bitstream/handle/10625/18432/IDL-18432.pdf?sequence=6&isAllowed=y VASQUEZ, John A. (2009): The War Puzzle Revisited. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Online: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511627224 VÉR Ádám (2023): „Aššur átka sújtsa azokat, kik megszegik a nagy isteneknek tett esküt!” Az eskü szerepe Asszíria közigazgatásában. Ókor, 22(2), 3–12. Online: http://okorportal.hu/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Okor_2023_2_3-12.pdf WHITMAN, James Q. (2012): The Verdict of Battle. Cambridge–Massachusetts–London: Harvard University Press. WOLFENDALE, Jessica (2017): Defining War. In GROSS, Michael L. – MEISEL, Tamar (szerk.): Soft War. The Ethics of Unarmed Conflict. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 16–32." ["copyrightYear"]=> int(2024) ["issueId"]=> int(613) ["licenseUrl"]=> string(49) "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" ["pages"]=> string(4) "5-21" ["pub-id::doi"]=> string(21) "10.32563/hsz.2024.4.1" ["abstract"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(718) "

Philosophical study of the nature of war is an attempt to define war. According to Carl von Clausewitz (1780-1831) the definition of war refers to the meaning of war, the nature of the applied violence, and the collective nature of war. The meaning of war, which is the principal concern of this article, is the general aim of war. According to Clausewitz and a standard approach to the question this aim is to settle a contest between states or other politically equal entities. However, other types of the meaning of war also appeared during the history of military science and in military history, in which the parties are not equal. This article comparatively concerns the other types of the meaning of war.

" ["hu_HU"]=> string(891) "

A háború természetének filozófiai vizsgálata kísérlet a háború meghatározásának megadására. A háború meghatározása Carl von Clausewitz (1780–1831) szerint magába foglalja a háború értelmének, az alkalmazott erőszak természetének és a háború átfogó jellegének a megadását. A háború értelme, a háború általános célja, Clausewitz és egy alapvetőnek tekinthető elképzelés szerint az államok vagy más, egymással a politikai hatalom birtoklása szempontjából egyenlő politikai egységek közötti vita rendezése. A háború értelmének azonban a hadtudomány történetében és a hadtörténelemben kialakultak más megközelítései is, amelyekben a háborúzó felek nem egyenlő félként vesznek részt. Ez a tanulmány a különböző, általános céllal rendelkező háborútípusokat mutatja be összehasonlító jelleggel.

" } ["title"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(40) "On the Nature of War: The Meaning of War" ["hu_HU"]=> string(48) "A háború természetéről: a háború értelme" } ["copyrightHolder"]=> array(1) { ["hu_HU"]=> string(12) "Boda Mihály" } ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["authors"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(Author)#727 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(9702) ["email"]=> string(22) "Boda.Mihaly@uni-nke.hu" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(7707) ["seq"]=> int(1) ["userGroupId"]=> int(133) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(37) "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3037-3644" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(60) "Hadtörténelmi, Filozófiai és Kultúrtörténeti Tanszék" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(4) "Boda" ["hu_HU"]=> string(4) "Boda" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(7) "Mihály" ["hu_HU"]=> string(7) "Mihály" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } ["keywords"]=> array(2) { ["hu_HU"]=> array(7) { [0]=> string(10) "Clausewitz" [1]=> string(22) "háború filozófiája" [2]=> string(13) "vitarendezés" [3]=> string(13) "kolonizáció" [4]=> string(19) "igazságos háború" [5]=> string(16) "békefenntartás" [6]=> string(9) "felkelés" } ["en_US"]=> array(7) { [0]=> string(10) "Clausewitz" [1]=> string(17) "philosophy of war" [2]=> string(14) "war as contest" [3]=> string(12) "colonization" [4]=> string(8) "just war" [5]=> string(12) "peacekeeping" [6]=> string(9) "rebellion" } } ["subjects"]=> array(0) { } ["disciplines"]=> array(0) { } ["languages"]=> array(0) { } ["supportingAgencies"]=> array(0) { } ["galleys"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(ArticleGalley)#740 (7) { ["_submissionFile"]=> NULL ["_data"]=> array(9) { ["submissionFileId"]=> int(38814) ["id"]=> int(6265) ["isApproved"]=> bool(false) ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["label"]=> string(3) "PDF" ["publicationId"]=> int(7707) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["urlPath"]=> string(0) "" ["urlRemote"]=> string(0) "" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(true) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) }

object(Publication)#120 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(28) { ["id"]=> int(7699) ["accessStatus"]=> int(0) ["datePublished"]=> string(10) "2025-03-11" ["lastModified"]=> string(19) "2025-03-11 16:21:11" ["primaryContactId"]=> int(9690) ["sectionId"]=> int(42) ["seq"]=> int(2) ["submissionId"]=> int(7575) ["status"]=> int(3) ["version"]=> int(1) ["categoryIds"]=> array(0) { } ["citationsRaw"]=> string(3917) "BOLLMANN, Anders Theis – HELTBERG, Therese (2023): The Strategic Corporal, the Tactical General, and the Digital Coup d’oeil – Military Decision-Making and Organizational Competences in Future Military Operations. Scandinavian Military Studies, 6(1), 151–168. Online: https://doi.org/10.31374/sjms.190 BOUDRY, Maarten – VLERICK, Michael – EDIS, Taner (2020): The End of Science? On Human Cognitive Limitations and How to Overcome Them. Biology & Philosophy, 35(18), 1–16. Online: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10539-020-9734-7 CLARK, Bryan – PATT, Dan – SCHRAMM, Harrison (2020): Mosaic Warfare. Washington: Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments. Online: https://csbaonline.org/uploads/documents/Mosaic_Warfare.pdf CLAUSEWITZ, Carl von (2013): A háborúról. Budapest: Zrínyi. CLAUSEWITZ Károly (1917): A háborúról. Budapest: Athaeneum. ECKHARDT Sándor – OLÁH Tibor (2001): Francia–Magyar Nagyszótár. Budapest: Akadémiai. GONDA András szerk. (1994): Hadtörténelem tankönyv a katonai főiskolák számára. Budapest: MH Tanintézeti Főnökség. JOMINI, Antoine-Henri de (1974): A hadművészet meghatározása. In RÁZSÓ Gyula szerk. (1974): A hadművészet középkori és újkori klasszikusai. Budapest: Zrínyi, 566–622. LAYTON, Peter (2018): Fighting Artificial Intelligence Battles. Canberra: Australian Defence College. Online: https://doi.org/10.51174/JPS.004 MOLINA, Maria D. – SUNDAR, Shyam S. (2022): Does Distrust in Humans Predict Greater Trust in AI? Role of Individual Differences in User Responses to Content Moderation. New Media & Society, 26(6), 3638–3656. Online: https://doi.org/10.1177/14614448221103534 MONTECUCCOLI, Raimondo (1974): Emlékiratok a háborúról. In RÁZSÓ Gyula szerk. (1974): A hadművészet középkori és újkori klasszikusai. Budapest: Zrínyi, 209–235. MORRIS, Alan H. (2018): Human Cognitive Limitations. Broad, Consistent, Clinical Application of Physiological Principles Will Require Decision Support. Annals of the American Thoracic Society, 15(1), S53–S56. Online: https://doi.org/10.1513/AnnalsATS.201706-449KV NATO (2016): Allied Tactical Publication ATP-3.2.2 Command and Control of Land Forces Edition A Version 1. Brussels: NATO Standardization Office. NATO (2022): Allied Joint Doctrine AJP-01 Edition F Version 1. Brussels: NATO Standardization Office. Online: https://www.cimic-coe.org/resources/external-publications/ajp-01-edf-v1-f.pdf NATO (2023): Next Generation Command and Control. Online: https://www.act.nato.int/article/next-generation-c2/ ONASZANDROSZ (1963): Sztratégikon. In HAHN István szerk. (1963): A hadművészet ókori klasszikusai. Budapest: Zrínyi, 666–685. PERJÉS Géza (1986): Clausewitz és a háború praxeológiája. Budapest: Zrínyi. PERJÉS Géza (2002): Zrínyi Miklós és kora. Budapest: Osiris. RAPIN, Ami-Jacques (2023): Shrewdness, coup d’œil, and Genius: The Cognitive Attributes of the Consummate General (Greek Antiquity, Byzantine Era, Modern Times). Qeios. Online: https://doi.org/10.32388/F0CNLD RULE, Jeffrey N. (2013): A Symbiotic Relationship: The OODA Loop, Intuition, and Strategic Thought. Carlisle: U.S. Army War College. Online: https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/pdfs/ADA590672.pdf SANTANU, Acharjee – UPASHANA, Gogoi (2024): The Limit of Human Intelligence. Heliyon, 10(12), 1–17. Online: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32465 U. S. Army (2003). FM 6-0 Mission Command: Command and Control of Army Forces. Washington: Department of the Army. VÁRI Rezső – BÁRCZAY Oszkár (1896): Bölcs Leó Taktikája. Hadtörténeti Közlemények, 9. 23–52. Online: http://epa.oszk.hu/00000/00018/00112/pdf/EPA00018_hadtortenelmi_1896.pdf XENOPHÓN (1986): Emlékeim Szókratészról. Budapest: Európa. ZRÍNYI Miklós (1986): Vitéz Hadnagy. In KOCSIS Bernát szerk. (1986): Válogatás a magyar hadügy írásaiból. Budapest: Zrínyi, 258–378." ["copyrightYear"]=> int(2024) ["issueId"]=> int(613) ["licenseUrl"]=> string(49) "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" ["pages"]=> string(5) "23-36" ["pub-id::doi"]=> string(21) "10.32563/hsz.2024.4.2" ["abstract"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(1006) "

The fundamental questions of military leadership remain unchanged during the last millennia: the decisive element of the success is the able military leader. In this work I scrutinize the works of the classical military writers to find out what they considered the good military leader to be, what attributes they considered to make the difference between good and bad general. The military authors of the 18-19. centuries, such as Clausewitz, considered the ability to make quick and sound decision to be this attribute. They identified this attribute, which they called the coup d’oeil, in the context of the relatively small-scale military engagements of their era. In my work I will demonstrate how this classical coup d’oeil can be interpreted in relation to the modern operating environment. The traditional coup d’oeil is coexisting with a digital and a multi-domain coup d’oeil, and I raise attention to the increasing role of these in the future’s continually digitalizing armies.

" ["hu_HU"]=> string(1042) "

A katonai vezetés kulcsfontosságú kérdései az évezredek alatt keveset változtak: a hadseregek sikerének meghatározó eleme a megfelelő képességekkel rendelkező katonai vezető. Tanulmányomban azt vizsgálom, hogy a hadtudomány klasszikus írói milyennek látták a jó hadvezért, milyen tulajdonságot tartottak a jó és rossz hadvezér közti különbségtételnek. Ez a 18–19. századra a kor szakírói, köztük Clausewitz által is említett coup d’oeil lett, azaz a helyes és gyors döntéshozatal képessége, amelyet koruk mai szemmel nézve kis kiterjedésű szárazföldi összecsapásai kontextusában értelmezve fogalmaztak meg. Be fogom mutatni azt, hogy ez a klasszikus coup d’oeil hogyan értelmezhető a modern műveleti környezet viszonyrendszerében, és felhívom a figyelmet a hagyományos mellett létező, más kompetenciákat kívánó digitális és multitér coup d’oeil létezésére, amely a jövőben az egyre jobban digitalizálódó hadseregekben mind nagyobb szerepet kaphat.

" } ["title"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(61) "Transforming Military Command: The Relevance of Coup D’oeil" ["hu_HU"]=> string(68) "A katonai vezetés transzformációja: a coup d’oeil relevanciája" } ["copyrightHolder"]=> array(1) { ["hu_HU"]=> string(14) "Ferenc Fazekas" } ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["authors"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(Author)#762 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(9690) ["email"]=> string(25) "Fazekas.ferenc@uni-nke.hu" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(7699) ["seq"]=> int(2) ["userGroupId"]=> int(133) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(37) "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7409-1054" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(100) "a:1:{s:5:"hu_HU";s:74:"Nemzeti Közszolgálati Egyetem Hadtudományi és Honvédtisztkézpző Kar";}" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(7) "Fazekas" ["hu_HU"]=> string(7) "Fazekas" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(6) "Ferenc" ["hu_HU"]=> string(6) "Ferenc" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } ["keywords"]=> array(2) { ["hu_HU"]=> array(5) { [0]=> string(9) "multitér" [1]=> string(15) "döntéshozatal" [2]=> string(4) "OODA" [3]=> string(26) "mesterséges intelligencia" [4]=> string(13) "coup d’oeil" } ["en_US"]=> array(5) { [0]=> string(12) "multi-domain" [1]=> string(15) "decision-making" [2]=> string(4) "OODA" [3]=> string(23) "artificial intelligence" [4]=> string(11) "coup d'oeil" } } ["subjects"]=> array(0) { } ["disciplines"]=> array(0) { } ["languages"]=> array(0) { } ["supportingAgencies"]=> array(0) { } ["galleys"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(ArticleGalley)#772 (7) { ["_submissionFile"]=> NULL ["_data"]=> array(9) { ["submissionFileId"]=> int(38815) ["id"]=> int(6266) ["isApproved"]=> bool(false) ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["label"]=> string(3) "PDF" ["publicationId"]=> int(7699) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["urlPath"]=> string(0) "" ["urlRemote"]=> string(0) "" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(true) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) }

object(Publication)#113 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(29) { ["id"]=> int(7597) ["accessStatus"]=> int(0) ["datePublished"]=> string(10) "2025-03-11" ["lastModified"]=> string(19) "2025-03-11 16:21:11" ["primaryContactId"]=> int(9528) ["sectionId"]=> int(43) ["seq"]=> int(1) ["submissionId"]=> int(7473) ["status"]=> int(3) ["version"]=> int(1) ["categoryIds"]=> array(0) { } ["citationsRaw"]=> string(6778) "ALSTON, Charlotte (2006): ’The Suggested Basis for a Russian Federal Republic’: Britain, Anti-Bolshevik Russia and the Border States at the Paris Peace Conference, 1919. History, 91(301), 24–44. Online: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-229X.2006.00357.x ALY, Götz (2019): Európa a zsidók ellen 1880–1945. Budapest: L’Harmattan. BALKELIS, Tomas (2015): Demobilization and Remobilization of German and Lithuanian Paramilitaries after the First World War. Journal of Baltic Studies, 50(1), Special Issue: The Limits of Demobilization. Online: https://doi.org/10.1177/0022009414551101 BALKELIS, Tomas (2018a): Civilekből katonák: paramilitáris mozgalmak a Baltikumban az első világháború után. In GERWARTH, Robert – HORNE, John (szerk.): Háború béke idején: Paramilitáris erőszak Európában az első világháború után. Budapest: L’Harmattan. BALKELIS, Tomas (2018b): War, Revolution and Nation-Making in Lithuania, 1914–1923. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Online: https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199668021.001.0001 BENNETT, Geoffrey (2017): Freeing the Baltic 1918–1920. Barnsley: Pen & Sword Books. BOJTÁR Endre (2014): A litvákok – Hogyan tűnnek el a zsidók? In KRAUSZ Tamás – BARTA Tamás (szerk.): Az antiszemitizmus történelmi formái a cári birodalomban és a Szovjetunió területén. Budapest: Russica Pannonicana. BÖHLER, Jochen (2022): Civil War in Central Europe, 1918–1921. The Reconstruction of Poland. Oxford: Oxford University Press. CSOMA Lajos (2017): Világháború után világforradalom. In KATKÓ Márton – KRAUSZ Tamás – MÉSZÁROS Zsófia (szerk.): Világháború, világforradalom, világbéke? Budapest: ELTE BTK Kelet-Európa Története Tanszék. CUCUT, Carlo (2022a): Armored Trains of the Baltic Republics. From Independence to Soviet Occupation: 1918–1940. Wrocław: Soldiershop Publishing. CUCUT, Carlo (2022b): Armored Units of the Baltic Republics – Estonia – Latvia – Lithuania – From Independence to Soviet Occupation: 1918–1940. Wrocław: Soldiershop Publishing. FOGLESONG, David S. (1995): The United States, Self-Determination and the Struggle Against Bolshevism in the Eastern Baltic Region, 1918–1920. Journal of Baltic Studies, 26(2), 107–144. Online: https://doi.org/10.1080/01629779500000031 GATRELL, Peter (2017): War, Refugeedom, Revolution. Understandig Russia’s Refugee Crisis, 1914–1918. Cahiers du Monde russe, 58(1–2), 123–146. Online: https://doi.org/10.4000/monderusse.10073 GYŐRFI Lajos (2013): Piłsudski megítélése a lengyel történészek körében 1989 után. In A nemzeti mítoszok szerkezete és funkciója Kelet-Európában. Budapest: L’Harmattan – ELTE BTK Kelet-Európa Története Tanszék. HAGEN, William W. (2001): Murder in the East: German-Jewish Liberal Reactions to Anti-Jewish Violence in Poland and Other East European Lands, 1918–1920. Central European History, 34,(1), 1–30. Online: https://doi.org/10.1163/156916101750149112 HIDEN, John (2002): The Baltic States and Weimar Ostpolitik. Cambridge: Cambridge University. Online: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511523670 LAGZI Gábor (2011): A lengyel keleti politika. Lengyelország keleti szomszédság- és nemzetpolitikája, 1989–2009. Budapest: Terra Recognita Alapítvány. Online: https://bit.ly/4g3zVu9 LAGZI Gábor (2013): Keresztény egyházak a Baltikumban a 20. században. Katolikusok, evangélikusok, ortodoxok. Budapest: Terra Recognita Alapítvány. Online: https://bit.ly/4g3AdkJ LAURINAVIČIUS, Česlovas (2015): On Political Terror During the Soviet Expansion into Lithuania, 1918–1919. Journal of Baltic Studies, 46(1), Special Issue: War, Revolution and Terror in the Baltic States and Finland after the Great War, 65–76. Online: https://doi.org/10.1080/01629778.2015.1009687 LIULEVICIUS, Vejas Gabriel (2003): War Land on the Eastern Front. Culture, National Identity and German Occupation in World War I. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Online: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511497186 LOPATA, Raimundas (1993): Lithuanian-Polish Cooperation in 1918: The Ronikier-Voldemaras Treaty. Journal of Baltic Studies, 24(4), 349–358. Online: https://doi.org/10.1080/01629779300000241 MACMILLAN, Margaret (2005): Béketeremtők. Az 1919-es párizsi békekonferencia. Budapest: GABO. NELSON, Robert L. (2011): The Baltics as Colonial Playground: Germany in the East, 1914–1918. Journal of Baltic Studies, 42(1), Special Issue: Transnational Governance and Policy-Making in the Baltic Sea Region, 9–19. Online: https://doi.org/10.1080/01629778.2011.538511 NÉMETH István (2007): Demokrácia és diktatúra Németországban 1918–1945. 1. kötet: Az 1918. novemberi forradalom és a Weimari Köztársaság. Összegzés és dokumentumok. Budapest: L’Harmattan. PIOTROWSKI, Tadeusz (2007): Poland’s Holocaust. Ethnic Strife, Collaboration with Occupying Forces and Genocide in the Second Republic, 1918–1947. Jefferson, North Carolina – London: McFarland and Company. RAUCH, Georg von (1994): A balti államok története, 1917–1940. In RAUCH, Georg von – MISIUNAS, Romuald J. – TAAGEPERA, Rein: A balti államok története. Budapest: Osiris–Századvég. ROMSICS Ignác (2021): Honmentők/honvesztők. Budapest: Helikon. RUDLING, Per Anders (2015): The Rise and Fall of Belarusian Nationalism, 1906–1931. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press. Online: https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctt1287p7r SENN, Alfred Erich (1962): The Formation of the Lithuanian Foreign Office, 1918–1921. Slavic Review, 21(3), 500–507. Online: https://doi.org/10.2307/3000451 SZOKOLAY Katalin (2009): A lengyelek és az itt élő többi nép. In JUHÁSZ József – KRAUSZ Tamás (szerk.): Az új nemzetállamok és az etnikai tisztogatások Kelet-Európában 1989 után. Budapest: L’Harmattan – ELTE BTK Kelet-Európa Története Tanszék, 254–268. Online: https://edit.elte.hu/xmlui/bitstream/handle/10831/44418/z04_Az_uj_nemzetallamok_es_az_etnikai_tisztogatasok_Kelet-Eu.pdf TAUBER, Joachim (2006): Stubborn Collaborators: The Politics of the Lithuanian Taryba, 1917–1918. Journal of Baltic Studies, 37(2), Special Issue: Foreign Rule and Collaboration in the Baltic Countries, 1860–1920: New Directions in Research, 194–209. Online: https://doi.org/10.1080/01629770608628879 VARDYS, V. Stanley (1979): Democracy in the Baltic States, 1918–1934: The Stage and the Actors. Journal of Baltic Studies, 10(4), 320–336. Online: https://doi.org/10.1080/01629777900000331 WHITE, James D. (1994): National Communism and World Revolution: The Political Consequences of German Military Withdrawal from the Baltic Area in 1918–1919. Europe-Asia Studies, 46(8), 1349–1369. Online: https://doi.org/10.1080/09668139408412233" ["copyrightYear"]=> int(2024) ["issueId"]=> int(613) ["licenseUrl"]=> string(49) "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" ["pages"]=> string(5) "37-61" ["pub-id::doi"]=> string(21) "10.32563/hsz.2024.4.3" ["abstract"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(630) "

Though the devastation of World War I had limited effect on the Lithuanian territory, the German occupation behind the front meant already a serious burden for the native population and a permanent difficulty for the local political leaders who tried to find balance between creating an independent statehood and collaborating with the occupants. Yet the state independence was not free for any group, and like in other regions of Eastern Europe the end of the world war did not mean the conclusion of struggles, but instead the multiplication of participating factions. In this article I attempt to introduce these events.

" ["hu_HU"]=> string(694) "

Noha az első világháborús pusztítások Litvánia területét kevésbé érintették, az ezzel együtt járó német megszállás már komoly terhet jelentett az itteni lakosság számára, a helyi politikai vezetőknek pedig folyamatosan a független államiság megteremtése és a megszállókkal való kollaboráció között kellett egyensúlyozniuk. A állami függetlenséget azonban nem adták ingyen senkinek, és akárcsak Kelet-Európa más területein, a világháború vége egyáltalán nem jelentette a harccselekmények befejeződését is, hanem inkább csak megsokszorozta a részt vevő frakciók számát. Jelen cikkemben ennek bemutatására teszek kísérletet.

" } ["subtitle"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(105) "Occupation During World War, Feuds Between Great Powers and Nationality Strifes in Lithuania, 1918–1920" ["hu_HU"]=> string(108) "Világháborús megszállás, nagyhatalmi viszályok és nemzetiségi ellentétek Litvániában, 1918–1920" } ["title"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(30) "Lithuanian War of Independence" ["hu_HU"]=> string(34) "A litván függetlenségi háború" } ["copyrightHolder"]=> array(1) { ["hu_HU"]=> string(17) "Juhász Barnabás" } ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["authors"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(Author)#713 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(11) { ["id"]=> int(9528) ["email"]=> string(24) "strategybuster@gmail.com" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(7597) ["seq"]=> int(1) ["userGroupId"]=> int(133) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["affiliation"]=> array(1) { ["hu_HU"]=> string(57) "a:1:{s:5:"hu_HU";s:31:"Nemzeti Közszolgálati Egyetem";}" } ["familyName"]=> array(1) { ["hu_HU"]=> string(7) "Juhász" } ["givenName"]=> array(1) { ["hu_HU"]=> string(9) "Barnabás" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } ["keywords"]=> array(2) { ["hu_HU"]=> array(7) { [0]=> string(9) "Litvánia" [1]=> string(8) "Baltikum" [2]=> string(13) "Németország" [3]=> string(14) "Lengyelország" [4]=> string(20) "Szovjet-Oroszország" [5]=> string(20) "Első világháború" [6]=> string(24) "függetlenségi háború" } ["en_US"]=> array(7) { [0]=> string(9) "Lithuania" [1]=> string(6) "Baltic" [2]=> string(7) "Germany" [3]=> string(6) "Poland" [4]=> string(13) "Soviet Russia" [5]=> string(15) "First World War" [6]=> string(19) "war of independence" } } ["subjects"]=> array(0) { } ["disciplines"]=> array(0) { } ["languages"]=> array(0) { } ["supportingAgencies"]=> array(0) { } ["galleys"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(ArticleGalley)#756 (7) { ["_submissionFile"]=> NULL ["_data"]=> array(9) { ["submissionFileId"]=> int(38816) ["id"]=> int(6267) ["isApproved"]=> bool(false) ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["label"]=> string(3) "PDF" ["publicationId"]=> int(7597) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["urlPath"]=> string(0) "" ["urlRemote"]=> string(0) "" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(true) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) }

object(Publication)#191 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(28) { ["id"]=> int(7807) ["accessStatus"]=> int(0) ["datePublished"]=> string(10) "2025-03-11" ["lastModified"]=> string(19) "2025-03-11 16:21:10" ["primaryContactId"]=> int(9837) ["sectionId"]=> int(43) ["seq"]=> int(2) ["submissionId"]=> int(7683) ["status"]=> int(3) ["version"]=> int(1) ["categoryIds"]=> array(0) { } ["citationsRaw"]=> string(3186) "ALLRED, Robert (2022): Mysteries of the Norman Conquest: Unravelling the Truth of the Battle of Hastings and the Events of 1066. London:‎ Frontline Books. AMIENS, Guy of (1998): The Carmen De Hastingae Proelio of Guy, Bishop of Amiens. Trans. Frank Ballow. Oxford: Clarendon Press. Anglo-Saxon Chronicle (2023). Hastings: Delphi Publishing LTD. Anna Comnena’s Alexiad (1928). Trans. Elizabeth A. S. Dawes. London. AD. 1026. King Cnut to Lyfing, bishop (of Crediton); grant of 5 hides (cassatae) at Abbots Worthy, Hants. Latin with English bounds, S 962. Online: https://esawyer.lib.cam.ac.uk/charter/962.html BANNISTER, Nicola R. (2014): The History of Brede High Woods. Brede: Woodland Trust. BBC (2013): New Evidence for Battle of Hastings Site Considered. BBC, 3 December 2013. Online: https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-sussex-25191208 BRADBURY, Jim (2021): The Battle of Hastings. The Fall of the Anglo-Saxons and the Rise of the Normans. New York: Pegasus Books. DELANY, Mary C. (1921): The Historical Geography of The Wealden Iron Industry. London: Benn Brothers. FREEMAN, Edward A. (1869): The History of the Norman Conquest of England Its Causes and Its Results, Part III. Oxford: Clarendon Press. GERÉB, László – DERCSINYI, Dezső – CSAPODINÉ GÁRDONYI, Klára – MEZEY, László (1964): Képes krónika [Illuminated Chronicle]. Budapest: Magyar Helikon. HERN, Ashley (2017): Hastings 1066. The Mythical Battle. Rasbury: Crowood Press. HOUTS, Elisabeth van ed. (2003): The Gesta Normannorum Ducum of William of Jumièges, Orderic Vitalis, and Robert of Torigni. Oxford: Clarendon Press. KELLY, Jon (2011): Battle of Hastings: Does it Matter Exactly Where It Happened? BBC, 17 October 2011. Online: https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-15305391 MORRIS, Marc (2013): The Norman Conquest. The Battle of Hastings and the Fall of Anglo-Saxon England. New York: Pegasus Books. NAPPER, H. F. (1894): Towncreep: Is it Mercredsbourne? In Sussex Archeological Collections Vol. XXXIX. Sussex Archeological Society, 168–174. OTTER, Monika (2001): Baudri of Bourgueil, “To Countess Adela”. The Journal of Medieval Latin, 11, 60–141. Online: https://doi.org/10.1484/J.JML.2.304150 POITIERS, William of (1998): The Gesta Guillemi. Trans. Marjorie Chibnall. Oxford: Clarendon Press. SEARLE, Eleanor ed. (1980): The Chronicle of Battle Abbey. Oxford: Clarendon Press. Online: https://doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780198222385.book.1 TATHAM, Edward H. R. (1890): On the Traditional Site of a Town in the Parish of Penhurst. Hastings: Sussex Archeological Society. VITALIS, Orderic (1969): The Ecclesiastical History of Orderic Vitalis, Volume III. Trans. Marjorie Chibnall. Oxford: Clarendon Press. WACE (1837): The Chronicle of the Norman Conquest – from The Roman de Rou. London: William Pickering. Why Dig Up the Battlefield? Sussex World, 26 June 2014. Online: https://www.sussexexpress.co.uk/news/opinion/letters/why-dig-up-the-battlefield-2637383 WORCESTER, Florence (1854): The Chronicle of Florence of Worcester with the Two Continuations; Comprising Annals of English History, From the Departure of the Romans to the Reign of Edward I. London: H.G. Bohn. " ["copyrightYear"]=> int(2024) ["issueId"]=> int(613) ["licenseUrl"]=> string(49) "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" ["pages"]=> string(5) "63-83" ["pub-id::doi"]=> string(21) "10.32563/hsz.2024.4.4" ["abstract"]=> array(1) { ["en_US"]=> string(439) "

In this essay, I tried to find the exact location of the Battle of Hastings. In the first part, I have examined the different theories about the location of the battle. After this, I have examined the different pieces of information in the chronicles and, with them, found the most probable place when it happened. Moreover, I used the events of another battle to strengthen my theory. Finally, I closed my essay with my conclusion.

" } ["title"]=> array(1) { ["en_US"]=> string(38) "The Location of the Battle of Hastings" } ["copyrightHolder"]=> array(1) { ["hu_HU"]=> string(15) "Majorosi Ádám" } ["locale"]=> string(5) "en_US" ["authors"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(Author)#123 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(14) { ["id"]=> int(9837) ["email"]=> string(22) "majorosiadam@gmail.com" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(7807) ["seq"]=> int(2) ["userGroupId"]=> int(133) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(37) "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2939-3103" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(80) "– National University of Public Service, Doctoral School of Military Sciences" ["hu_HU"]=> string(62) "Nemzeti Közszolgálati Egyetem, Hadtudományi Doktori Iskola," } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(18) "

PhD Student

" ["hu_HU"]=> string(19) "

doktorandusz

" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(8) "Majorosi" ["hu_HU"]=> string(8) "Majorosi" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(6) "Ádám" ["hu_HU"]=> string(6) "Ádám" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "en_US" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } ["keywords"]=> array(1) { ["en_US"]=> array(4) { [0]=> string(6) "battle" [1]=> string(8) "Hastings" [2]=> string(21) "William the Conqueror" [3]=> string(7) "England" } } ["subjects"]=> array(0) { } ["disciplines"]=> array(0) { } ["languages"]=> array(0) { } ["supportingAgencies"]=> array(0) { } ["galleys"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(ArticleGalley)#737 (7) { ["_submissionFile"]=> NULL ["_data"]=> array(9) { ["submissionFileId"]=> int(38817) ["id"]=> int(6268) ["isApproved"]=> bool(false) ["locale"]=> string(5) "en_US" ["label"]=> string(3) "PDF" ["publicationId"]=> int(7807) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["urlPath"]=> string(0) "" ["urlRemote"]=> string(0) "" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(true) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) }

object(Publication)#184 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(28) { ["id"]=> int(7824) ["accessStatus"]=> int(0) ["datePublished"]=> string(10) "2025-03-11" ["lastModified"]=> string(19) "2025-03-12 14:40:00" ["primaryContactId"]=> int(9868) ["sectionId"]=> int(45) ["seq"]=> int(2) ["submissionId"]=> int(7700) ["status"]=> int(3) ["version"]=> int(1) ["categoryIds"]=> array(0) { } ["citationsRaw"]=> string(4301) "DARUKA, Norbert – DÉNES, Kálmán – EMBER, István – KOVÁCS, Zoltán – VÉG, Róbert (2024a): A 3D nyomtatási képesség kialakításának lehetőségei és korlátai a Magyar Honvédségben [The Possibilities and Limitations of Establishing 3D Printing Capability in the Hungarian Defence Forces]. Hadtudomány, 34(E-szám), 27–39. Online: https://doi.org/10.17047/Hadtud.2024.34.E.27 DARUKA, Norbert – DÉNES, Kálmán – EMBER, István – KOVÁCS, Zoltán – VÉG, Róbert (2024b): A 3D-nyomtatási technológia oktatásának lehetőségei és feltételei a műszakitiszt-képzésben [The Possibilities and Requirements of Teaching 3D Printing Technology in Engineer Officer Training]. Műszaki Katonai Közlöny, 34(1), 5–18. Online: https://doi.org/10.32562/mkk.2024.1.1 DARUKA, Norbert – DÉNES, Kálmán – EMBER, István – KOVÁCS, Zoltán – VÉG, Róbert (2024c): A 3D nyomtatás alkalmazásának lehetőségei az ellátási lánc kockázatainak csökkentése érdekében [The Possibilities Of Applying 3D Printing To Reduce Supply Chain Risks]. Katonai Logisztika, (1–2), 248–266. Online: https://doi.org/10.30583/2024-1-2-248 EMBER, István – ÁDÁM, Balázs (2022): Kumulatív töltetházak 3D nyomtatása [Shaped Charge Body Producing with 3D Printer]. Hadmérnök, 17(3), 35–44. Online: https://doi.org/10.32567/hm.2022.3.2 HEGEDŰS, Ernő – GYARMATI, József (2022): A haditechnikai kutatás-fejlesztés helye, szerepe és sajátosságai [State, Role and Speciality of the Defence Research and Development]. Hadmérnök, 17(2), 17–32. Online: https://doi.org/10.32567/hm.2022.2.2 HEGEDŰS, Ernő – HENNEL, Sándor – VÉGVÁRI, Zsolt (2023): A Bayraktar drónok II. rész [The Bayraktar-drones Part II]. Haditechnika, 57(3), 33–36. Online: https://doi.org/10.23713/HT.57.3.06 HLIVA, Viktor – SZEBÉNYI, Gábor (2023): Non-Destructive Evaluation and Damage Determination of Fiber-Reinforced Composites by Digital Image Correlation, Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation, 42(2), Paper 43. Online: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10921-023-00957-7 KÁLLAI, Attila (2023): Térkép- és tereptani alapismeretek [Map and Terrain Basics]. DEMETER, József – ISASZEGI, János – KISCELLI, Piroska (eds.): Honvédelmi alapismeretek: Tankönyv. Budapest: HM Zrínyi Térképészeti és Kommunikációs Szolgáltató Nonprofit Kft., 350–412. KARA, Yahya – KOVÁCS, Norbert Krisztián – NAGY-GYÖRGY, Péter – BOROS, Róbert – MOLNÁR, Kolos (2023): A Novel Method and Printhead for 3D Printing Combined Nano-/Microfiber Solid Structures. Additive Manufacturing, 61, 103315. Online: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addma.2022.103315 MARKOVITS, Tamás – ERŐSS, László Dániel – FENDRIK, Ármin (2023): Analysing the Generative Design of Payload Part for the 3D Metal Printing. Komunikacie/Communications, 25(1), B45–B51. Online: https://doi.org/10.26552/com.C.2023.010 MARKOVITS, Tamás – VARGA, László Ferenc (2024): Investigating the Surface Roughness of 3D Printed Metal Parts in Case of Thin 20 µm Build Layer Thickness. Journal of Materials Research, 39, 1841–1851. Online: https://doi.org/10.1557/s43578-023-01254-9 ZENTAY, Péter – HEGEDŰS, Ernő – VÉGVÁRI, Zsolt (2023a): A 3D-s nyomtatás és katonai alkalmazásának lehetőségei II. rész: 3D-s nyomtatott alkatrészek mechanikai tulajdonságai minőségjavításának lehetőségei [3D Printing and Its Military Application Possibilities Part II: Possibilities for improving the quality of the mechanical properties of 3D printed parts]. Haditechnika, 57(1), 49–55. Online: https://doi.org/10.23713/HT.57.1.09 ZENTAY, Péter – HEGEDŰS, Ernő – VÉGVÁRI, Zsolt (2023b): A 3D-s nyomtatás és katonai alkalmazásának lehetőségei III. rész: A gyártási hibák hatásának mérséklése, hibakiküszöbölési megoldások [3D Printing and Its Military Application Possibilities Part III.: Mitigation of the impact of production errors, error elimination solutions]. Haditechnika, 57(2), 57–62. Online: https://doi.org/10.23713/HT.57.2.11 Legal source - 1393/2021 (VI. 24.) Korm. határozat Magyarország Nemzeti Katonai Stratégiájáról [Government Decree on the National Military Strategy of Hungary]. Online: https://njt.hu/jogszabaly/2021-1393-30-22 " ["copyrightYear"]=> int(2024) ["issueId"]=> int(613) ["licenseUrl"]=> string(49) "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" ["pages"]=> string(5) "85-95" ["pub-id::doi"]=> string(21) "10.32563/hsz.2024.4.5" ["abstract"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(939) "

The purpose of the research presented in the article is to conduct a SWOT analysis of additive manufacturing technology, with a special focus on 3D printing capabilities within the Hungarian Defence Forces. In the first part of the paper, we introduce the most dynamically evolving type of additive manufacturing processes today, 3D printing technology, along with its properties and potential applications. Following this, we outline the strategic goals and the advantages that enhance supply security, which support the legitimacy of 3D printing as a manufacturing process in the execution of military tasks. In the main part of the paper, we present the SWOT analysis of 3D printing technology used in logistical tasks, which, among other things, provides an opportunity to explore further applications of the manufacturing process, as well as to address and minimise potential risks associated with the manufacturing technology.

" ["hu_HU"]=> string(939) "

The purpose of the research presented in the article is to conduct a SWOT analysis of additive manufacturing technology, with a special focus on 3D printing capabilities within the Hungarian Defence Forces. In the first part of the paper, we introduce the most dynamically evolving type of additive manufacturing processes today, 3D printing technology, along with its properties and potential applications. Following this, we outline the strategic goals and the advantages that enhance supply security, which support the legitimacy of 3D printing as a manufacturing process in the execution of military tasks. In the main part of the paper, we present the SWOT analysis of 3D printing technology used in logistical tasks, which, among other things, provides an opportunity to explore further applications of the manufacturing process, as well as to address and minimise potential risks associated with the manufacturing technology.

" } ["title"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(75) "The SWOT Analysis of 3D Printing Capability in the Hungarian Defence Forces" ["hu_HU"]=> string(75) "The SWOT Analysis of 3D Printing Capability in the Hungarian Defence Forces" } ["copyrightHolder"]=> array(1) { ["hu_HU"]=> string(87) "Dr. Kovács Zoltán Tibor, Dénes Kálmán, Daruka Norbert, Ember István, Vég Róbert" } ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["authors"]=> array(5) { [0]=> object(Author)#741 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(10388) ["email"]=> string(27) "denes.kalman.1975@gmail.com" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(7824) ["seq"]=> int(2) ["userGroupId"]=> int(133) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(37) "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2951-7172" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(6) "Dénes" ["hu_HU"]=> string(6) "Dénes" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(8) "Kálmán" ["hu_HU"]=> string(8) "Kálmán" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } [1]=> object(Author)#738 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(10389) ["email"]=> string(22) "daruka.norbi@gmail.com" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(7824) ["seq"]=> int(2) ["userGroupId"]=> int(133) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(37) "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7102-1787" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(6) "Daruka" ["hu_HU"]=> string(6) "Daruka" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(7) "Norbert" ["hu_HU"]=> string(7) "Norbert" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } [2]=> object(Author)#761 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(9871) ["email"]=> string(23) "ember.istvan@uni-nke.hu" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(7824) ["seq"]=> int(2) ["userGroupId"]=> int(133) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(37) "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9877-0366" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(5) "Ember" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(7) "István" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } [3]=> object(Author)#765 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(9872) ["email"]=> string(22) "vegh.robert@uni-nke.hu" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(7824) ["seq"]=> int(2) ["userGroupId"]=> int(133) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(37) "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9786-6702" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(4) "Vég" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(7) "Róbert" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } [4]=> object(Author)#764 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(9868) ["email"]=> string(16) "drkzt1@gmail.com" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(7824) ["seq"]=> int(2) ["userGroupId"]=> int(133) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(0) "" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(7) "Kovács" ["hu_HU"]=> string(7) "Kovács" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(7) "Zoltán" ["hu_HU"]=> string(8) "Zoltán " } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } ["keywords"]=> array(1) { ["en_US"]=> array(4) { [0]=> string(22) "additive manufacturing" [1]=> string(11) "3D printing" [2]=> string(22) "3D printing capability" [3]=> string(13) "SWOT analysis" } } ["subjects"]=> array(0) { } ["disciplines"]=> array(0) { } ["languages"]=> array(0) { } ["supportingAgencies"]=> array(0) { } ["galleys"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(ArticleGalley)#758 (7) { ["_submissionFile"]=> NULL ["_data"]=> array(9) { ["submissionFileId"]=> int(38819) ["id"]=> int(6269) ["isApproved"]=> bool(false) ["locale"]=> string(5) "en_US" ["label"]=> string(3) "PDF" ["publicationId"]=> int(7824) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["urlPath"]=> string(0) "" ["urlRemote"]=> string(0) "" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(true) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) }

object(Publication)#759 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(29) { ["id"]=> int(7802) ["accessStatus"]=> int(0) ["datePublished"]=> string(10) "2025-03-11" ["lastModified"]=> string(19) "2025-03-11 16:21:10" ["primaryContactId"]=> int(9832) ["sectionId"]=> int(45) ["seq"]=> int(3) ["submissionId"]=> int(7678) ["status"]=> int(3) ["version"]=> int(1) ["categoryIds"]=> array(0) { } ["citationsRaw"]=> string(14397) "BAEZ CAMARGO, Claudia – KASSA, Saba (2024): How (Strategic) Corruption Fuels Insecurity by Affecting Power. Online: https://baselgovernance.org/blog/how-strategic-corruption-fuels-insecurity-affecting-power BÁGER, Gusztáv (2011): Corruption Risk in Public Administration. Public Finance Quarterly, 56(1), 44–57. BERDAL, Mats – ZAUM, Dominik szerk. (2013): Political Economy of Statebuilding: Power after Peace. New York: Routledge. Online: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203101308 BOUCHER, A. et al. (2007): Mapping and Fighting Corruption in War-Torn States. Report from the Project on Rule of Law in Post-Conflict Settings Future of Peace Operations. Washington, DC: The Henry L. Stimson Center. Online: https://www.stimson.org/wp-content/files/file-attachments/Mapping_and_Fighting_Corruption_in_War-Torn_States_1.pdf BUZAN, Barry (1944): New Patterns of Global Security in the Twenty-First Century. International Affairs, 67(3), 431–51. Online: https://doi.org/10.2307/2621945 CARR, Edward Hallett (1946): The Twenty Years Crisis. London: Harper Perennial. CEIP (Carnegie Endowment for International Peace) (2014): Corruption. The Unrecognized Threat to International Security. Washington, DC: CEIP. COCKAYNE, James –, LUPEL Adam. (2011): Peace Operations and Organized Crime. Enemies or Allies? New York: Routledge. Online: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203804735 COCKAYNE, James (2016): Hidden Power: The Strategic Logic of Organized Crime. New York: Oxford University Press. DASSAH, Maurice (2018): Theoretical Analysis of State Capture and Its Manifestation as Governance Problem in South Africa. The Journal for Transdisciplinary Research in Southern Africa 14 (1): 1–10. DEL CASTILLO, Graciana (2008): Rebuilding War-Torn States. The Challenges of Post-Conflict Economic Reconstruction. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Online: https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199237739.001.0001 DOYLE, Michael W. (1997): Ways of war and peace: Realism, liberalism, and socialism. New York: Norton. DUNNE, Tim – SCHMIDT, C. Brian (2001): Realism. In J. BAYLIS, John – and SMITH, Steve.: Globalization of World Politics. Oxford University Press. DZIEDZIC, Michael (2016): Criminalized Power Structures. The Overlooked Enemies of Peace. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. Online: https://doi.org/10.5771/9781442266353 FELSON, Marcus (2006): Crime and Nature. Thousand Oaks: Sage. Online: https://doi.org/10.4135/9781452204260 GALTUNG, Fredrik – TISNÉ, Martin (2009): A New Approach to Postwar Reconstruction. Journal of Democracy, 20(4), 93–107. Online: https://doi.org/10.1353/jod.0.0132 GARDINER, Stephen M (2006): A Perfect Moral Storm: Climate Change, Intergenerational Ethics, and the Problem of Moral Corruption. Environmental Values, 15, 397–413. Online: https://doi.org/10.3197/096327106778226293 GAZDAG Ferenc – REMEK Éva (2018): A biztonsági tanulmányok alapjai. Budapest: Dialóg Campus. GRAYCAR, Adam – SIDEBOTTOM, Aiden (2012): Corruption and Control: A Corruption Reduction Approach. Journal of Financial Crime, 19(4), 384–399. Online: https://doi.org/10.1108/13590791211266377 GREEN, Penny – WARD, Tony (2004): State Crime. Governments, Violence and Corruption. London: Pluto Press. Online: https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctt18fs3bm GOULD, D. J. (1991): Administrative Corruption: Incidence, Causes, and Remedial Strategies. In FARAZMAND, Ali (szerk.): Handbook of Comparative and Development Public Administration. New York: Dekker, 467–480. HADZHIEV, Boyan (2020): Enablers of Hybrid Warfare: The Bulgarian Case. Journal of International Studies, 13(1), 28–43. Online: https://doi.org/10.14254/2071-8330.2020/13-1/2 HEYWOOD, Paul Michael (1997): Political Corruption: Problems and Perspectives. Political Studies, 45(3), 417–435. Online: https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9248.00089 HEYWOOD, Paul Michael – ROSE, Johnatan (2014): Close but No Cigar: The Measurement of Corruption. Journal of Public Policy, 34(3), 507–529. Online: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0143814X14000099 HOLMES, Leslie (2015): Corruption: A Very Short Introduction. [H. n.]: Oxford University Press. Online: https://doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780199689699.001.0001 HUBERTS, L. W. J. C. (1998): What Can Be Done Against Public Corruption and Fraud: Expert Views on Strategies to Protect Public Integrity. Crime, Law and Social Change, 29, 209–224. Online: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008348803253 HUSS, Oksana – POZSGAI-ALVAREZ, Joseph (2022): Strategic Corruption as a Threat to Security and the New Agenda for Anti-Corruption. Online: https://www.corruptionjusticeandlegitimacy.org/post/strategic-corruption-as-a-threat-to-security-and-the-new-agenda-for-anti-corruption IFE&P (Institute for Economics & Peace) (2018): Positive Peace Report 2018. Online: https://www.economicsandpeace.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/Positive-Peace-Report-2018.pdf JOHNSØN, Jesper (2016): Anti-corruption Strategies in Fragile States. Theory and Practice in Aid Agencies. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar Publishing. Online: https://doi.org/10.4337/9781784719715 KURKI, Milja (2008): Causation in International Relations. New York: Cambridge University Press. Online: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511491481 LAHIRY, Sujit (2020): The Changing Narrative of Security Discourse: From State Security to Human Security in South Asia? World Affairs, 183(2), 183–205. Online: https://doi.org/10.1177/0043820020921153 LAMBSDORFF, Johann (2007): The Institutional Economics of Corruption and Reform: Theory, Evidence and Policy. Online: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511492617 LE BILLON, Philippe (2003): Buying Peace or Fuelling War: The Role of Corruption in Armed Conflicts. Journal of International Development, 15(4), 413–426. Online: https://doi.org/10.1002/jid.993 LE BILLON, Philippe (2005): Overcoming Corruption in the Wake of Conflict. In Global Corruption Report 2005. Berlin: Transparency International, 73–82. LE BILLON, Philippe (2008) Corrupting Peace? Peacebuilding and Post Conflict Corruption. International Peacekeeping, 15(3), 344–361. Online: https://doi.org/10.1080/13533310802058851 LEGVOLD, Robert (2009): Corruption, the Criminalized State, and Post-Soviet Transitions. In RORBERG, Robert (szerk.): Corruption, Global Security, and World Order. India: Pentagon Security International, 194–239. MARTINI, Maíra (2014): Transparency International, State Caputre: An Overview. Online: https://knowledgehub.transparency.org/assets/uploads/helpdesk/State_capture_an_overview_2014.pdf MAKARENKO, Tamara (2004): The Crime-Terror Continuum: Tracing the Interplay between Transnational Organised Crime and Terrorism. Global Crime, 6(1), 129–145. Online: https://doi.org/10.1080/1744057042000297025 MURRAY, Matthew H. – VINDMAN, Alexander – CRUZ BUSTILLOS, Dominic (2021): Assessing the Threat of Weaponized Corruption. Lawfare, 2021. július 7. Online: https://www.lawfaremedia.org/article/assessing-threat-weaponized-corruption NAÍM, Moisés (2012): Mafia States. Organized Crime Takes Office. Foreign Affairs, 91(3), 100–111. Online: https://www.jstor.org/stable/i23217958 NYE, Joseph S. (1967): Corruption and Political Development: A Cost-Benefit Analysis. American Political Science Review, 61(2), 417–427. Online: https://doi.org/10.2307/1953254 O’DONNELL, Madalene (2006): Post-Conflict Corruption: A Rule of Law Agenda? In HURWITZ, Agnés – HUANG, Reyko (szerk.): Civil War and the Rule of Law. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner, 225–261. Online: https://doi.org/10.1515/9781685856663-012 OECD (2015): Consequences of Corruption at the Sector Level and Implications for Economic Growth and Development. Abingdon: OECD. Online: http://doi.org/10.1787/9789264230781-en PERSSON, Anna – ROTHSTEIN, Bo – TEORELL, Jan (2013): Why Anticorruption Reforms Fail. Systemic Corruption as a Collective Action Problem. Governance, 26(3), 449–471. Online: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0491.2012.01604.x PETERS, Anne (2012): Conflict of Interest as a Cross-Cutting Problem of Governance. In PETERS, Anne – HANDSCHIN, Lukas (szerk.): Conflict of Interest in Global, Public and Corporate Governance. Cambridge University Press, 3 – 38. Online: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139248945.003 RABALLAND, Gael – RECANATINI, Francesca (2023): Corruption in Fragile, Conflict and Violent Settings: False Dilemmas and Tnadequate toolbox? WorldBankBlogs, 2023. július 11. Online: https://blogs.worldbank.org/en/governance/corruption-fragile-conflict-and-violent-settings-false-dilemmas-and-inadequate-toolbox ROSE-ACKERMAN, Susan (1978): Corruption: A Study in Political Economy. New York: Academic. Online: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-596350-3.50005-3 ROSE-ACKERMAN, Susan (1999): Corruption and Government, Causes, Consequences, and Reform. New York: Cambridge University Press. Online: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139175098 ROSE-ACKERMAN, Susan (2004): Governance and Corruption. In LOMBORG, Bjorn (ed.): Global Crises, Global Solutions. New York: Cambridge University Press. 310–345. Online: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511492624.007 RUSCH, Jonathan (2021): The Biden Administration National Security Study Memorandum on Corruption: Implications for the UK. Faculty of Law Blogs, 2021. július 1. Online: https://blogs.law.ox.ac.uk/business-law-blog/blog/2021/07/biden-administration-national-security-study-memorandum-corruption SHELLEY, Louise (2005): The Unholy Trinity: Transnational Crime, Corruption and Terrorism. The Brown Journal of World Affairs, 11(2), 101–111. Online: https://traccc.gmu.edu/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/The-Unholy-Trinity-Transnational-Crime-Corruption-and-Terrorism.pdf SKIDMORE, David (1999): Security: A New Framework for Analysis. American Political Science Association, 93(4), 1010–1011. Online: https://doi.org/10.2307/2586187 SOLTANI, Fakhreddin – YUSOFF, Mohammad Agus (2012): Concept of Security in the Theoretical Approaches. Research Journal of International Studies, 1, 7–17. Online: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/261177640_Concept_of_Security_in_the_Theoretical_Approaches SZABÓNÉ GÁL Marianna (2022): A Gazdasági Együttműködési és Fejlesztési Szervezet globális integritásfejlesztési törekvései. Közbeszerzési Értesítő Plusz, 4(11). Online: https://doi.org/10.37371/KEP.2022.8.2 VANNUCCI, Alberto (2015): Three Paradigms for the Analysis of Corruption. Labour & Law Issues, 1(2). Online: https://doi.org/10.6092/issn.2421-2695/5468 VILLENEUVE, Jean-Patrick – MUGELLINI, Giulia – HEIDE, Marlen (2019): International Anti-Corruption Initiatives: a Classification of Policy Interventions. European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research, 26, 431–455. Online: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10610-019-09410-w WENDT, Alexander (1999): Social Theory of International Politics. New York: Cambridge University Press. Online: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511612183 WOLFERS, Arnold (1952): National Security’ as an Ambiguous Symbol’. Political Science Quarterly, 67(4), 481–502. Online: https://doi.org/10.2307/2145138 ZAMUDIO-GONZÁLEZ, Laura (2020): International Intervention Instruments against Corruption in Central America. Governance, Development, and Social Inclusion in Latin America. Palgrave Pivot. Online: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-40878-7 ZAUM, Dominik – CHENG, Christine (2012): Corruption and Post-Conflict Peacebuilding. Selling the Peace? London: Routledge. Online: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203803783 ZELIKOW, Philip et al. (2020): The Rise of Strategic Corruption. Foreign Affairs, 99(4), 107–120. Online: https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/united-states/rise-strategic-corruption-weaponize-graft ZHANG, Yahong – VARGAS-HERNÁNDEZ, J. G. (2015): Introduction: Corruption and Government Anti-Corruption Strategies. In ZHANG, Yahong – LAVENA, Cecilia (szerk.): Government Anti-Corruption Strategies: A Cross-Cultural Perspective. Abingdon: Routledge. Online: https://doi.org/10.1201/b18560 Jogi források - 2005. évi CXXXIV. törvény az Egyesült Nemzetek Szervezete Meridában, 2003. december 10-én kelt Korrupció elleni Egyezményének kihirdetéséről Action Plan for Anti-money Laundering and Counter-Terrorist Finance (2016). Online: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/action-plan-for-anti-money-laundering-and-counter-terrorist-finance Basel Institute on Governance. Online: https://baselgovernance.org/ Cross Government Counter Fraud Functional Strategy 2024–2027. Online: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/government-counter-fraud-functional-strategy-2024-2027/cross-government-counter-fraud-functional-strategy-2024-2027-html First Annual Report 2016. Online: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/national-security-strategy-and-strategic-defence-and-security-review-2015 Independent Reporting Mechanism Action Plan Review: United Kingdom 2023–2025. Online: https://www.opengovpartnership.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/United-Kingdom_Action-Plan-Review_2023-2025.pdf Integrated Security for Germany, National Security Strategy 2022. Online: https://www.nationalesicherheitsstrategie.de/National-Security-Strategy-EN.pdf National Security Strategy and Strategic Defence and Security Review 2015. National Security Capability Review. Including the Second Annual Report on Implementation of the National Security Strategy and Strategic Defence and Security Review 2015. Online: https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/705347/6.4391_CO_National-Security-Review_web.pdf National Security Study Memoranda. Online: https://bit.ly/406y3ux The White House (2021b): Memorandum on Establishing the Fight Against Corruption as a Core United States National Security Interest. Online: https://bit.ly/3PuNx6J UK National Action Plan for Open Government 2024–2025. Online: https://bit.ly/4j7fCi2 United Kingdom Anti-corruption Strategy 2017–2022. Online: https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/667221/6_3323_Anti-Corruption_Strategy_WEB.pdf United States Strategy on Countering Corruption 2021. Online:https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/United-States-Strategy-on-Countering-Corruption.pdf U.S. Strategy on Countering Corruption Implementation Plan U.S. Department of State. Online: https://www.state.gov/implementing-the-u-s-strategy-on-countering-corruption/" ["copyrightYear"]=> int(2024) ["issueId"]=> int(613) ["licenseUrl"]=> string(49) "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" ["pages"]=> string(6) "97-120" ["pub-id::doi"]=> string(21) "10.32563/hsz.2024.4.6" ["abstract"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(604) "

The article reviews the latest scientific findings, including the most recent manifestations of corruption, and discusses the forms of strategic corruption employed in contemporary times. It scrutinizes the security strategies of the United States and the United Kingdom from the perspective of whether they consider corruption as a security factor and whether they include anti-corruption objectives. We will find out whether the security strategies and anti-corruption strategies of the two states isolate the phenomenon or whether there is a perceivable coherence between the strategic domains.

" ["hu_HU"]=> string(828) "

A cikk a korrupció és a biztonság összefüggéseit vizsgálja. Válaszokat keres arra a kérdésre, hogy miért jelent fenyegetést a korrupció egy nemzet vagy a nemzetközi közösség biztonságára. Áttekinti a legújabb tudományos eredményeket, így a korrupció legújabb megnyilvánulási formáit, kitér a stratégiai korrupció napjainkban alkalmazott formáira. Górcső alá veszi az Amerikai Egyesült Államok és az Egyesült Királyság biztonsági stratégiáját abból a szempontból, hogy figyelembe veszi-e a korrupciót mint biztonsági tényezőt, és tartalmaz-e korrupció elleni célkitűzéseket. Megtudhatjuk, hogy elszigetelten kezeli-e a két állam biztonsági stratégiája és antikorrupciós stratégiája a jelenséget, vagy érzékelhető-e a stratégiai területek összhangja.

" } ["subtitle"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(108) "Examining the Relationship Between Corruption and Security Through the Lens of US and UK Security Strategies" ["hu_HU"]=> string(118) "A korrupció és a biztonság összefüggéseinek vizsgálata az amerikai és a brit biztonsági stratégiák alapján" } ["title"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(70) "How and to What Degree is Corruption Addressed in Security Strategies?" ["hu_HU"]=> string(90) "Milyen módon és mértékben kezelik a biztonsági stratégiák a korrupció kérdését?" } ["copyrightHolder"]=> array(1) { ["hu_HU"]=> string(31) "dr. Szabóné dr. Gál Marianna" } ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["authors"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(Author)#771 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(9832) ["email"]=> string(30) "drszabonegalmarianna@gmail.com" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(7802) ["seq"]=> int(3) ["userGroupId"]=> int(133) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(37) "https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2477-0521" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(70) "a:1:{s:5:"hu_HU";s:44:"NKE Közigazgatás-tudományi Doktori Iskola";}" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(14) "Szabóné Gál" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(8) "Marianna" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } ["keywords"]=> array(2) { ["hu_HU"]=> array(7) { [0]=> string(10) "korrupció" [1]=> string(23) "biztonsági fenyegetés" [2]=> string(30) "nemzeti biztonsági stratégia" [3]=> string(26) "antikorrupciós stratégia" [4]=> string(22) "stratégiai korrupció" [5]=> string(27) "Amerikai Egyesült Államok" [6]=> string(21) "Egyesült Királyság" } ["en_US"]=> array(7) { [0]=> string(10) "corruption" [1]=> string(15) "security threat" [2]=> string(26) "national security strategy" [3]=> string(24) "anti-corruption strategy" [4]=> string(20) "strategic corruption" [5]=> string(13) "United States" [6]=> string(14) "United Kingdom" } } ["subjects"]=> array(0) { } ["disciplines"]=> array(0) { } ["languages"]=> array(0) { } ["supportingAgencies"]=> array(0) { } ["galleys"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(ArticleGalley)#774 (7) { ["_submissionFile"]=> NULL ["_data"]=> array(9) { ["submissionFileId"]=> int(38820) ["id"]=> int(6270) ["isApproved"]=> bool(false) ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["label"]=> string(3) "PDF" ["publicationId"]=> int(7802) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["urlPath"]=> string(0) "" ["urlRemote"]=> string(0) "" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(true) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) }