Effectiveness Assessment of Public Integrity Trainings 1st Part – The Lack of Validation and its Importance
This article is the first part of a paper that presents the results of an effectiveness assessment survey of public integrity trainings that were organized for Hungarian civil servants in 2013 and 2014. The aim of the survey was to move beyond the usual satisfaction surveys and give an impartial validation for the training method. According to our results the trainings produced significant learning impact both on the knowledge and attitude level in the desired direction. Although the global averages were positive, the results also showed that some participants did not change their opinions and some changed in the opposite direction. Our research identified multiple factors that played a role in this unexpected impact – trainers’ impact being one of those. In this first part, we present the results of the analysis of global averages. In the second part of our paper, which will be published in the next issue of this journal, we discuss the results of the analysis carried out at the level of individual participants and we present proposals for further research that could support training designers’ and providers’ learning by offering a more detailed picture of the diverse learning trajectories of different participants and the performance of the trainers.
" ["hu_HU"]=> string(1214) "A két részből álló tanulmányunk célja, hogy egy 2013-ban és 2014-ben, a magyar kormánytisztviselők körében a korrupcióval kapcsolatos tréning hatékonyságát az eddig szokásosan felmért elégedettség helyett az attitűdökben és az ismeretekben elérni kívánt hatás szemszögéből vizsgálja. Eredményeink szerint a globális átlagok elmozdulásának tekintetében hatékonynak mutatkozó tréning eredményei mögött nemcsak olyan tréningrésztvevők húzódtak meg, akiknek a várt irányba mozdultak a vélekedései, hanem olyanok is, akiknek nem változott, vagy éppen romlott. Eredményeink szerint ebben több faktornak, köztük a tréninget tartó trénerek hatásának is fontos szerep jut. Az itt publikált első részben a globális átlagok alapján levonható következtetéseket mutatjuk be. A folyóirat következő számában megjelenő második részben a résztvevői szintű elemzés eredményeit tárgyaljuk, és azokat a javaslatokat és lehetőségeket osztjuk meg, amelyek általánosságban is közelebb viszik a tréningmódszer alkalmazóit a tréningek hatékonyságának méréséhez, a problémák feltárásához és a hatékonyság növeléséhez.
" } ["copyrightHolder"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["subtitle"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(54) "1st Part – The Lack of Validation and its Importance" ["hu_HU"]=> string(50) "1. rész – A validálás hiánya és fontossága" } ["title"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(54) "Effectiveness Assessment of Public Integrity Trainings" ["hu_HU"]=> string(73) "Kormánytisztviselői integritás tréningek hatásosságának elemzése " } ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["authors"]=> array(2) { [0]=> object(Author)#808 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(2837) ["email"]=> string(19) "gregor@tatk.elte.hu" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(2556) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["userGroupId"]=> int(116) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(0) "" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(6) "Gregor" ["hu_HU"]=> string(6) "Gregor" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(6) "Anikó" ["hu_HU"]=> string(6) "Anikó" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } [1]=> object(Author)#786 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(2838) ["email"]=> string(17) "katalin@pallai.hu" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(2556) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["userGroupId"]=> int(116) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(0) "" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(6) "Pallai" ["hu_HU"]=> string(6) "Pallai" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(7) "Katalin" ["hu_HU"]=> string(7) "Katalin" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } ["keywords"]=> array(2) { ["hu_HU"]=> array(5) { [0]=> string(28) "oktatáshatásosság-mérés" [1]=> string(19) "integritásoktatás" [2]=> string(8) "tréning" [3]=> string(14) "hatáselemzés" [4]=> string(21) "kvantitatív kutatás" } ["en_US"]=> array(5) { [0]=> string(22) "training effectiveness" [1]=> string(19) "integrity education" [2]=> string(8) "training" [3]=> string(22) "effectiveness analysis" [4]=> string(21) "quantitative research" } } ["subjects"]=> array(0) { } ["disciplines"]=> array(0) { } ["languages"]=> array(0) { } ["supportingAgencies"]=> array(0) { } ["galleys"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(ArticleGalley)#820 (7) { ["_submissionFile"]=> NULL ["_data"]=> array(9) { ["submissionFileId"]=> int(7502) ["id"]=> int(1709) ["isApproved"]=> bool(false) ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["label"]=> string(3) "PDF" ["publicationId"]=> int(2556) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["urlPath"]=> string(0) "" ["urlRemote"]=> string(0) "" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(true) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) }Interest Conciliation, Seeking Consensus and Participation – New Dimensions, the Attitude of the State
The role of interest conciliation and seeking consensus are highly appreciated in today’s economic and social relations. This trend manifests itself in many forms; a great emphasis is laid on participation affecting labour relations and the dimension of cooperation between social partners and between social partners and the state. Responding to national level economic and social issues and interest harmonisation in conformity with EU regulations are crucial constituents of the stable operation of the state and sustainable development.
" ["hu_HU"]=> string(565) "Az érdekegyeztetés és konszenzuskeresés szerepe felértékelődött napjaink gazdasági, társadalmi viszonyrendszerében. Nagy hangsúlyt kap a munkaügyi kapcsolatokat érintő participáció, valamint a szociális partnerek, illetve a szociális partnerek és az állam közötti együttműködés dimenziója. A nemzeti szintű gazdasági és társadalmi kérdéskörök megválaszolása, az EU-szabályozással összhangban megvalósuló érdekharmonizáció meghatározó összetevői a stabil államműködésnek és a fenntartható fejlődésnek.
" } ["copyrightHolder"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["prefix"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["subtitle"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["title"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(104) "Interest Conciliation, Seeking Consensus and Participation – New Dimensions, the Attitude of the State" ["hu_HU"]=> string(96) "Érdekegyeztetés, konszenzuskeresés és participáció – új dimenziók, állami attitűdök" } ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["authors"]=> array(2) { [0]=> object(Author)#816 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(2839) ["email"]=> string(24) "Lentner.Csaba@uni-nke.hu" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(2558) ["seq"]=> int(1) ["userGroupId"]=> int(116) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(0) "" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(7) "Lentner" ["hu_HU"]=> string(7) "Lentner" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(5) "Csaba" ["hu_HU"]=> string(5) "Csaba" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } [1]=> object(Author)#792 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(2840) ["email"]=> string(25) "parragh.bianka@uni-nke.hu" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(2558) ["seq"]=> int(1) ["userGroupId"]=> int(116) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(0) "" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(7) "Parragh" ["hu_HU"]=> string(7) "Parragh" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(6) "Bianka" ["hu_HU"]=> string(6) "Bianka" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } ["keywords"]=> array(2) { ["hu_HU"]=> array(7) { [0]=> string(6) "állam" [1]=> string(22) "érdekérvényesítés" [2]=> string(18) "konszenzuskeresés" [3]=> string(18) "lobbitevékenység" [4]=> string(22) "munkaügyi kapcsolatok" [5]=> string(27) "munkavállalói részvétel" [6]=> string(23) "munkaügyi konfliktusok" } ["en_US"]=> array(6) { [0]=> string(5) "state" [1]=> string(8) "lobbying" [2]=> string(16) "consensus search" [3]=> string(18) "employee relations" [4]=> string(22) "employee participation" [5]=> string(16) "labour conflicts" } } ["subjects"]=> array(0) { } ["disciplines"]=> array(0) { } ["languages"]=> array(0) { } ["supportingAgencies"]=> array(0) { } ["galleys"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(ArticleGalley)#843 (7) { ["_submissionFile"]=> NULL ["_data"]=> array(9) { ["submissionFileId"]=> int(7507) ["id"]=> int(1710) ["isApproved"]=> bool(false) ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["label"]=> string(3) "PDF" ["publicationId"]=> int(2558) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["urlPath"]=> string(0) "" ["urlRemote"]=> string(0) "" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(true) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) }Human resource management could be a strategic field to ensure sustainable and high standard public services that meet the needs of the citizens, deliver public services to local communities and other stakeholders. This paper is focusing on the theoretical background of sustainability, the sustainability questions of public services and the sustainability issues of HRM in order to outline the potential connections between these fields. The authors draw up recommendations for local public service actors.
The sustainability movement started in the 1980s when it became clear that human activities could not be sustained in terms of the planet’s resources. Public service organizations – similar to any other organizations, like market actors, governmental and non-governmental organizations all around the world – also have to cope with the present global, regional and local challenges of sustainability. These economic, social and environmental issues and the potential answers for these challenges should be an integral part of the new public management and new public government approach. In this new vision of sustainability.
" ["hu_HU"]=> string(1152) "
Human resource management could be a strategic field to ensure sustainable and high standard public services that meet the needs of the citizens, deliver public services to local communities and other stakeholders. This paper is focusing on the theoretical background of sustainability, the sustainability questions of public services and the sustainability issues of HRM in order to outline the potential connections between these fields. The authors draw up recommendations for local public service actors.
The sustainability movement started in the 1980s when it became clear that human activities could not be sustained in terms of the planet’s resources. Public service organizations – similar to any other organizations, like market actors, governmental and non-governmental organizations all around the world – also have to cope with the present global, regional and local challenges of sustainability. These economic, social and environmental issues and the potential answers for these challenges should be an integral part of the new public management and new public government approach. In this new vision of sustainability.
BREXIT and Its Political, Legal and Economic Agenda
On 23 June 2016 the majority of British citizens voted for leaving the EU. With Britain’s exit, the population and the economic power of the Union will be reduced. n this paper, we provide a summary on the possible scenarios of the BREXIT process by examining the available agendas. First, we review the political debates on BREXIT, then we analyse the legal procedure and finally we summarize the economic aspects. By presenting the political, legal and economic agendas, we argue that there are different ideas and plans in terms of timing and the ways of implementation of BREXIT and also that numerous strategic and tactical uncertainties lie behind these.
" ["hu_HU"]=> string(799) "2016. június 23-án a brit állampolgárok többsége az Unió elhagyása mellett tette le a voksát. Nagy-Britannia kilépésével az Unió lakosságszáma és gazdasági ereje mindenképpen csökkenni fog. Tanulmányunkban a brit kilépés különböző, napirenden lévő szcenárióiról, a folyamat egyes lépéseiről kívánunk összegzést nyújtani úgy, hogy sorra vesszük a politikai vitákat, az EUSZ 50. cikke alapján a jogi lehetőségeket, valamint összegezzük a gazdasági aspektusokat. A BREXIT forgatókönyvei különböző metszeteinek bemutatása rávilágít majd arra, hogy mennyire eltérő elképzelések és ütemezések léteznek a kilépés végrehajtását tekintve, és arra is, hogy ezek mögött számos stratégiai és taktikai bizonytalanság húzódik.
" } ["copyrightHolder"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["title"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(51) "BREXIT and Its Political, Legal and Economic Agenda" ["hu_HU"]=> string(74) "Válás „angolosan” - A BREXIT politikai, jogi és gazdasági agendái" } ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["authors"]=> array(3) { [0]=> object(Author)#853 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(2846) ["email"]=> string(21) "boka.janos@uni-nke.hu" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(2562) ["seq"]=> int(3) ["userGroupId"]=> int(116) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(0) "" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(5) "Bóka" ["hu_HU"]=> string(5) "Bóka" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(6) "János" ["hu_HU"]=> string(6) "János" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } [1]=> object(Author)#852 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(2847) ["email"]=> string(23) "halmai.peter@uni-nke.hu" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(2562) ["seq"]=> int(3) ["userGroupId"]=> int(116) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(0) "" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(6) "Halmai" ["hu_HU"]=> string(6) "Halmai" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(6) "Péter" ["hu_HU"]=> string(6) "Péter" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } [2]=> object(Author)#815 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(2848) ["email"]=> string(26) "koller.boglarka@uni-nke.hu" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(2562) ["seq"]=> int(3) ["userGroupId"]=> int(116) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(0) "" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(6) "Koller" ["hu_HU"]=> string(6) "Koller" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(9) "Boglárka" ["hu_HU"]=> string(9) "Boglárka" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } ["keywords"]=> array(2) { ["hu_HU"]=> array(5) { [0]=> string(6) "BREXIT" [1]=> string(14) "Nagy-Britannia" [2]=> string(21) "Egyesült Királyság" [3]=> string(14) "Európai Unió" [4]=> string(13) "EUSZ 50. cikk" } ["en_US"]=> array(5) { [0]=> string(6) "BREXIT" [1]=> string(13) "Great Britain" [2]=> string(14) "United Kingdom" [3]=> string(14) "European Union" [4]=> string(14) "Article 50 TEU" } } ["subjects"]=> array(0) { } ["disciplines"]=> array(0) { } ["languages"]=> array(0) { } ["supportingAgencies"]=> array(0) { } ["galleys"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(ArticleGalley)#851 (7) { ["_submissionFile"]=> NULL ["_data"]=> array(9) { ["submissionFileId"]=> int(7518) ["id"]=> int(1714) ["isApproved"]=> bool(false) ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["label"]=> string(3) "PDF" ["publicationId"]=> int(2562) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["urlPath"]=> string(0) "" ["urlRemote"]=> string(0) "" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(true) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) }As regards social policies, the EU is an obvious model for inspiration for China, but the European social models themselves have come under pressure and proved unsustainable lately, therefore China is best advised to look at the more sustainable versions of the European social models, such as the reformed German or some features of the Scandinavian ones. Moreover, Chinese studies on the European social systems have often been ideologically motivated, therefore often produced biased results. The article summarizes the existing research evidence, also highlights the differences between the European and Chinese social systems and explains those areas where European solutions could best be used as models for Chinese reforms. The key issues with the Chinese social security system are underfinancing, insufficient coverage, geographical fragmentation and inefficient institutions. This mix of challenges constitute a significant risk to the sustainability of social order in the long run.
" ["hu_HU"]=> string(1000) "As regards social policies, the EU is an obvious model for inspiration for China, but the European social models themselves have come under pressure and proved unsustainable lately, therefore China is best advised to look at the more sustainable versions of the European social models, such as the reformed German or some features of the Scandinavian ones. Moreover, Chinese studies on the European social systems have often been ideologically motivated, therefore often produced biased results. The article summarizes the existing research evidence, also highlights the differences between the European and Chinese social systems and explains those areas where European solutions could best be used as models for Chinese reforms. The key issues with the Chinese social security system are underfinancing, insufficient coverage, geographical fragmentation and inefficient institutions. This mix of challenges constitute a significant risk to the sustainability of social order in the long run.
" } ["copyrightHolder"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["title"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(67) "Social Policies: Are “European Models” Viable Models for China?" ["hu_HU"]=> string(67) "Social Policies: Are “European Models” Viable Models for China?" } ["locale"]=> string(5) "en_US" ["authors"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(Author)#821 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(2849) ["email"]=> string(24) "marjan.attila@uni-nke.hu" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(2563) ["seq"]=> int(4) ["userGroupId"]=> int(116) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(0) "" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(7) "Marján" ["hu_HU"]=> string(7) "Marján" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(6) "Attila" ["hu_HU"]=> string(6) "Attila" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "en_US" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } ["keywords"]=> array(2) { ["hu_HU"]=> array(3) { [0]=> string(28) "EU-China comparative studies" [1]=> string(13) "social models" [2]=> string(13) "social policy" } ["en_US"]=> array(3) { [0]=> string(28) "EU-China comparative studies" [1]=> string(13) "social models" [2]=> string(13) "social policy" } } ["subjects"]=> array(0) { } ["disciplines"]=> array(0) { } ["languages"]=> array(0) { } ["supportingAgencies"]=> array(0) { } ["galleys"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(ArticleGalley)#857 (7) { ["_submissionFile"]=> NULL ["_data"]=> array(9) { ["submissionFileId"]=> int(7520) ["id"]=> int(1715) ["isApproved"]=> bool(false) ["locale"]=> string(5) "en_US" ["label"]=> string(3) "PDF" ["publicationId"]=> int(2563) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["urlPath"]=> string(0) "" ["urlRemote"]=> string(0) "" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(true) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) }Constitutional Democracy in Slovenia Between the Scylla and Charybdis of the Legislative Referendum
The article presents the Slovenian experience concerning the regulation and practice of the legislative referendum which has followed a path leading from an extremely liberal to a considerably restrictive model. The new regulation explicitly narrowed the scope of the referendum by excluding four sets of legislation on which a referendum may not be called. A rejection quorum was established, vitally affecting the chances of successful adoption of the referendum decision. The author explains and confronts both regulations. On this basis he briefly shows the benefits and dangers of each model. He concludes that from the premise of constitutional democracy the crucial question is not whether to limit the referendum as one of the main instruments of direct democracy, but how and to what extent. One should strive to achieve a sensitive balance. Direct democracy should undoubtedly be limited, but as narrowly as possible.
" ["hu_HU"]=> string(934) "The article presents the Slovenian experience concerning the regulation and practice of the legislative referendum which has followed a path leading from an extremely liberal to a considerably restrictive model. The new regulation explicitly narrowed the scope of the referendum by excluding four sets of legislation on which a referendum may not be called. A rejection quorum was established, vitally affecting the chances of successful adoption of the referendum decision. The author explains and confronts both regulations. On this basis he briefly shows the benefits and dangers of each model. He concludes that from the premise of constitutional democracy the crucial question is not whether to limit the referendum as one of the main instruments of direct democracy, but how and to what extent. One should strive to achieve a sensitive balance. Direct democracy should undoubtedly be limited, but as narrowly as possible.
" } ["copyrightHolder"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["prefix"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["subtitle"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["title"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(99) "Constitutional Democracy in Slovenia Between the Scylla and Charybdis of the Legislative Referendum" ["hu_HU"]=> string(99) "Constitutional Democracy in Slovenia Between the Scylla and Charybdis of the Legislative Referendum" } ["locale"]=> string(5) "en_US" ["authors"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(Author)#850 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(2851) ["email"]=> string(25) "marko.kambic@pf.uni-lj.si" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(2564) ["seq"]=> int(5) ["userGroupId"]=> int(116) ["country"]=> string(2) "SI" ["orcid"]=> string(0) "" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(7) "Kambič" ["hu_HU"]=> string(7) "Kambič" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(5) "Marko" ["hu_HU"]=> string(5) "Marko" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "en_US" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } ["keywords"]=> array(2) { ["hu_HU"]=> array(8) { [0]=> string(16) "direct democracy" [1]=> string(10) "legitimacy" [2]=> string(16) "referendum abuse" [3]=> string(22) "referendum prohibition" [4]=> string(23) "referendum restrictions" [5]=> string(16) "rejection quorum" [6]=> string(20) "rejective referendum" [7]=> string(19) "unconstitutionality" } ["en_US"]=> array(8) { [0]=> string(16) "direct democracy" [1]=> string(10) "legitimacy" [2]=> string(16) "referendum abuse" [3]=> string(22) "referendum prohibition" [4]=> string(23) "referendum restrictions" [5]=> string(16) "rejection quorum" [6]=> string(20) "rejective referendum" [7]=> string(19) "unconstitutionality" } } ["subjects"]=> array(0) { } ["disciplines"]=> array(0) { } ["languages"]=> array(0) { } ["supportingAgencies"]=> array(0) { } ["galleys"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(ArticleGalley)#856 (7) { ["_submissionFile"]=> NULL ["_data"]=> array(9) { ["submissionFileId"]=> int(7525) ["id"]=> int(1717) ["isApproved"]=> bool(false) ["locale"]=> string(5) "en_US" ["label"]=> string(3) "PDF" ["publicationId"]=> int(2564) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["urlPath"]=> string(0) "" ["urlRemote"]=> string(0) "" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(true) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) }The main purpose of this paper is to review the communication approach of the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) and to link this evaluation to some important key events in the context of the energy market. The main conclusion of this discussion is that OPEC's communication power varies and it is politically oriented not economical. Apparently, there are many examples, especially during the oil price fluctuations, which give a clear clue that this organization failed to communicate internally, thus OPEC lost the power to price oil. As a pioneer energy organization which had power and policy for controlling and regulating energy markets by balancing the supply and demand, currently OPEC has no more influence due to the behaviour of its member states, which is based on political and national interests. OPEC is a weakened organization in the eye of international community stripped of its sovereignty in the energy market.
" ["hu_HU"]=> string(960) "The main purpose of this paper is to review the communication approach of the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) and to link this evaluation to some important key events in the context of the energy market. The main conclusion of this discussion is that OPEC's communication power varies and it is politically oriented not economical. Apparently, there are many examples, especially during the oil price fluctuations, which give a clear clue that this organization failed to communicate internally, thus OPEC lost the power to price oil. As a pioneer energy organization which had power and policy for controlling and regulating energy markets by balancing the supply and demand, currently OPEC has no more influence due to the behaviour of its member states, which is based on political and national interests. OPEC is a weakened organization in the eye of international community stripped of its sovereignty in the energy market.
" } ["copyrightHolder"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["title"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(25) "Political Tension in OPEC" ["hu_HU"]=> string(25) "Political Tension in OPEC" } ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["authors"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(Author)#868 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(2853) ["email"]=> string(31) "Paiman.ahmad.ramazan@uni-nke.hu" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(2566) ["seq"]=> int(6) ["userGroupId"]=> int(116) ["country"]=> string(2) "IQ" ["orcid"]=> string(0) "" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(6) "Paiman" ["hu_HU"]=> string(6) "Paiman" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(13) "Ramazan Ahmad" ["hu_HU"]=> string(13) "Ramazan Ahmad" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } ["keywords"]=> array(2) { ["hu_HU"]=> array(4) { [0]=> string(22) "Communication Barriers" [1]=> string(4) "OPEC" [2]=> string(12) "Saudi Arabia" [3]=> string(13) "Pricing Power" } ["en_US"]=> array(4) { [0]=> string(22) "Communication Barriers" [1]=> string(4) "OPEC" [2]=> string(12) "Saudi Arabia" [3]=> string(13) "Pricing Power" } } ["subjects"]=> array(0) { } ["disciplines"]=> array(0) { } ["languages"]=> array(0) { } ["supportingAgencies"]=> array(0) { } ["galleys"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(ArticleGalley)#862 (7) { ["_submissionFile"]=> NULL ["_data"]=> array(9) { ["submissionFileId"]=> int(7529) ["id"]=> int(1719) ["isApproved"]=> bool(false) ["locale"]=> string(5) "en_US" ["label"]=> string(3) "PDF" ["publicationId"]=> int(2566) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["urlPath"]=> string(0) "" ["urlRemote"]=> string(0) "" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(true) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) }In this theoretical essay we deal with a current research area: public talent management. Firstly, we define talent management based on Hungarian and Anglo-Saxon literature. Secondly, we present the effect of the lack of talent in public service. Thirdly, we cite studies that examine the function of talent management in local public service. Fourthly, we present the effect of the lack of talent in Hungarian public service. Moreover, we explain how Hungarian public talent management works. Finally, we suggest some possible methods that could be applied to make public service more attractive for young talents.
" ["hu_HU"]=> string(1057) "Elméleti tanulmányunkban egy aktuális és kétséget kizáróan figyelmet érdemlő témával foglalkozunk: A közszolgálati tehetségmenedzsment kérdéskörét vesszük górcső alá. Korábbi kutatásaink alapján angolszász és hazai szakirodalmi forrásokból merítve definiáljuk a tehetségmenedzsment fogalmát és bemutatjuk, hogy a globális tehetséghiány milyen hatással van az egyes államok közszolgálati rendszereire. Ismertetünk néhány angol nyelvű tanulmányt, amelyek a lokális közszolgálaton belül vizsgálják a tehetségmenedzsment működését. Rámutatunk a globális tehetséghiány magyar közigazgatásra gyakorolt hatására, illetve arra, hogy jelenleg miként működik hazánkban a tehetségmenedzsment gyakorlata. A tanulmány végén néhány olyan alternatívát fogalmazunk meg, amelyeket alkalmazva a magyar közszolgálaton belül, a tehetségmenedzsment gyakorlata felfrissíthető lenne, ezáltal mind több fiatal tehetség számára válhatna vonzóvá e speciális munkaerő-piaci szegmens.
" } ["copyrightHolder"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["title"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(35) "Talent Management in Public Service" ["hu_HU"]=> string(40) "Tehetségmenedzsment a közszolgálatban" } ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["authors"]=> array(2) { [0]=> object(Author)#872 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(2916) ["email"]=> string(18) "hvadaszg@gmail.com" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(2616) ["seq"]=> int(7) ["userGroupId"]=> int(116) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(0) "" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(16) "Hollósy-Vadász" ["hu_HU"]=> string(16) "Hollósy-Vadász" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(6) "Gábor" ["hu_HU"]=> string(6) "Gábor" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } [1]=> object(Author)#865 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(2917) ["email"]=> string(24) "szabo.szilvia@uni-nke.hu" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(2616) ["seq"]=> int(7) ["userGroupId"]=> int(116) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(0) "" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(6) "Szabó" ["hu_HU"]=> string(6) "Szabó" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(7) "Szilvia" ["hu_HU"]=> string(7) "Szilvia" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } ["keywords"]=> array(2) { ["hu_HU"]=> array(4) { [0]=> string(20) "tehetségmenedzsment" [1]=> string(29) "közszolgálati munkaerőpiac" [2]=> string(42) "integrált emberierőforrás-gazdálkodás" [3]=> string(20) "karrierlehetőségek" } ["en_US"]=> array(4) { [0]=> string(17) "talent management" [1]=> string(20) "public labour market" [2]=> string(37) "integrated human resources management" [3]=> string(20) "career opportunities" } } ["subjects"]=> array(0) { } ["disciplines"]=> array(0) { } ["languages"]=> array(0) { } ["supportingAgencies"]=> array(0) { } ["galleys"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(ArticleGalley)#866 (7) { ["_submissionFile"]=> NULL ["_data"]=> array(9) { ["submissionFileId"]=> int(7629) ["id"]=> int(1769) ["isApproved"]=> bool(false) ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["label"]=> string(3) "PDF" ["publicationId"]=> int(2616) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["urlPath"]=> string(0) "" ["urlRemote"]=> string(0) "" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(true) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) }Changes in the National Employment Service with Regards to the Magyary Program
In the last six years a significant transformation took place in the organizational structure of the Hungarian public administration due to the Magyary Program. The overall objective of this program was to create a modern integrated and also flexible model of public administration in Hungary. Labour management is a part of this structure as a specialized administrative body, which includes the concerning administrative and service duties as well. The aim of this study is to present the changes in the structure and competency of the National Employment Service, with special regards to the fundamental principles of the Magyary Program.
" ["hu_HU"]=> string(732) "A magyar közigazgatás szervezeti struktúrájában, tartalmában jelentős és még nem lezárt változások következtek be az elmúlt hat évben. Az átalakulás/átalakítás generális meghatározója a Magyary Program, amelynek általános célkitűzése a szerteágazó közigazgatás korszerű, egységes, ugyanakkor rugalmas modelljének a megteremtése. E struktúra része a munkaügyi szakigazgatás szervezeteinek rendszere, a maga igazgatási és szolgáltatási sajátosságaival és feladataival. Tanulmányunkban a Nemzeti Foglalkoztatási Szolgálat felépítésében és hatáskörében bekövetkezett változásokat mutatjuk be, különös tekintettel a Magyary Programban meghatározott alapértékekre.
" } ["copyrightHolder"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["prefix"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["subtitle"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["title"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(78) "Changes in the National Employment Service with Regards to the Magyary Program" ["hu_HU"]=> string(69) "A munkaügyi közigazgatás változásai a Magyary Program tükrében" } ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["authors"]=> array(2) { [0]=> object(Author)#876 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(2945) ["email"]=> string(21) "barakonyie@ktk.pte.hu" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(2636) ["seq"]=> int(8) ["userGroupId"]=> int(116) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(0) "" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(9) "Barakonyi" ["hu_HU"]=> string(9) "Barakonyi" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(6) "Eszter" ["hu_HU"]=> string(6) "Eszter" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } [1]=> object(Author)#858 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(2946) ["email"]=> string(18) "szelloj@vipmail.hu" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(2636) ["seq"]=> int(8) ["userGroupId"]=> int(116) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(0) "" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(7) "Szellő" ["hu_HU"]=> string(7) "Szellő" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(6) "János" ["hu_HU"]=> string(6) "János" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } ["keywords"]=> array(2) { ["hu_HU"]=> array(9) { [0]=> string(13) "hatékonyság" [1]=> string(10) "hatáskör" [2]=> string(10) "jogi keret" [3]=> string(21) "minőségirányítás" [4]=> string(9) "munkaügy" [5]=> string(13) "munkaerőpiac" [6]=> string(9) "szervezet" [7]=> string(14) "szolgáltatás" [8]=> string(11) "támogatás" } ["en_US"]=> array(9) { [0]=> string(10) "efficiency" [1]=> string(14) "limit of power" [2]=> string(16) "legal frame work" [3]=> string(18) "quality management" [4]=> string(13) "labour issues" [5]=> string(13) "labour market" [6]=> string(12) "organization" [7]=> string(7) "service" [8]=> string(7) "support" } } ["subjects"]=> array(0) { } ["disciplines"]=> array(0) { } ["languages"]=> array(0) { } ["supportingAgencies"]=> array(0) { } ["galleys"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(ArticleGalley)#878 (7) { ["_submissionFile"]=> NULL ["_data"]=> array(9) { ["submissionFileId"]=> int(7661) ["id"]=> int(1784) ["isApproved"]=> bool(false) ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["label"]=> string(3) "PDF" ["publicationId"]=> int(2636) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["urlPath"]=> string(0) "" ["urlRemote"]=> string(0) "" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(true) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) }Honorary consuls are recognized in international law and enjoy several privileges and immunities provided by the Vienna Convention on Consular relations. This institution has its roots in the ancient Greek ’proxeny’, who exercised custody of foreign nationals without remuneration. In the present economic setting, the institution of honorary consuls is beginning to be recognized more highly than before, though it still represents a resource that has so far been unexploited. It is built upon the commitment of its participants, who will – in case the appropriate international legal background has been established – eventually become part of an effective mechanism that helps execute the successful strategies of foreign policy and trade. The article provides an overview of the relevant international processes and also offers an insight into the tendencies, along which the restructuring of the scope of honorary consuls has been developed; in this discourse, particular importance will be attached to the contradictory legal framework of the operations of honorary consuls.
" ["hu_HU"]=> string(942) "A tiszteletbeli konzulok működése a nemzetközi jog által elismert, és a konzuli kapcsolatokról szóló Bécsi Egyezmény rendszerében számos kiváltsággal és mentességgel honorált nemzetközi gyakorlat. Eredete az ókori görög proxenos tevékenységére nyúlik vissza, aki ellenszolgáltatás nélkül látta el más államok börtönben lévő polgárainak érdekképviseletét. Jelen gazdasági környezetben egyre növekvő értékű erőforrás a tiszteletbeli konzuli intézmény, amely a szereplők elhivatottságára építve, megfelelő nemzetközi jogi beágyazottság mellett, hatékony eszközrendszer lehet a sikeres külpolitika megvalósításában és a külgazdasági stratégia végrehajtásában. A cikk áttekinti a releváns szabályozás főbb elemeit, valamint a tiszteletbeli konzuli tevékenység tartalmi átalakulásának tendenciáját, a működés esetenként ellentmondásos jogi kereteit.
" } ["copyrightHolder"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["title"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(61) "The Institution of Honorary Consuls and Its Legal Environment" ["hu_HU"]=> string(76) "A tiszteletbeli konzuli intézményrendszer működésének jogi környezete" } ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["authors"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(Author)#877 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(2954) ["email"]=> string(22) "gyorgy.suha@mfa.gov.hu" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(2641) ["seq"]=> int(9) ["userGroupId"]=> int(116) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(0) "" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(4) "Suha" ["hu_HU"]=> string(4) "Suha" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(7) "György" ["hu_HU"]=> string(10) "György " } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } ["keywords"]=> array(2) { ["hu_HU"]=> array(6) { [0]=> string(17) "Bécsi Egyezmény" [1]=> string(9) "diplomata" [2]=> string(6) "konzul" [3]=> string(11) "kiváltság" [4]=> string(10) "mentesség" [5]=> string(15) "nemzetközi jog" } ["en_US"]=> array(6) { [0]=> string(6) "consul" [1]=> string(8) "diplomat" [2]=> string(10) "immunities" [3]=> string(17) "international law" [4]=> string(10) "privileges" [5]=> string(17) "Vienna Convention" } } ["subjects"]=> array(0) { } ["disciplines"]=> array(0) { } ["languages"]=> array(0) { } ["supportingAgencies"]=> array(0) { } ["galleys"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(ArticleGalley)#883 (7) { ["_submissionFile"]=> NULL ["_data"]=> array(9) { ["submissionFileId"]=> int(7671) ["id"]=> int(1789) ["isApproved"]=> bool(false) ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["label"]=> string(3) "PDF" ["publicationId"]=> int(2641) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["urlPath"]=> string(0) "" ["urlRemote"]=> string(0) "" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(true) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) }This study aims to present the history of the Hungarian tobacco excise regulations. The research is based on the examination, processing and presentation of domestic legal sources, historical descriptions, studies, law explanations from the appearance of tobacco products in Hungary to the current regulation. A detailed description of the contemporary regulation of tobacco excise is not part of the goals of the study because the author has already written about it in a previous paper. Beyond the expansion of the special historical knowledge on the topic, a further outcome of the study is the finding of the fact that the current national regulation on tobacco products shows considerable similarities in almost all of its elements to the law material of the Dual Monarchy and that of the subsequent era between the two world wars: then and now, it covers the characteristics of the contemporary European regulations.
" ["hu_HU"]=> string(1038) "Jelen tanulmány a dohány magyarországi jövedéki szabályozástörténetének bemutatását tűzte ki célul. A kutatás a dohánytermékek magyarországi megjelenésétől a mai szabályozással bezárólag a hazai jogforrások, történeti leírások, tanulmányok, jogszabály-magyarázatok tanulmányozásán, feldolgozásán és bemutatásán alapul. A tanulmány céljai közt nem szerepelt a dohányjövedék jelenkori szabályozásának részletes bemutatása, mert arra a szerző egy korábbi tanulmány keretei között már sort kerített. Mindemellett a tanulmány kimutatható eredményeként a speciális, témához kapcsolódó történeti ismeretek bővítése mellett jelentkezik az a tény, hogy a dohánygyártmányokra vonatkozó jelenlegi hazai szabályozás szinte minden elemében a dualizmus korabeli és az azt követő, két világháború közötti szabályanyaggal mutat jelentős hasonlóságot: akkor is és most is a korabeli európai szabályozás jellegzetességeit foglalta, foglalja magában.
" } ["copyrightHolder"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["title"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(53) "A Brief History of the Tobacco Excise Duty in Hungary" ["hu_HU"]=> string(53) "A dohányjövedék rövid története Magyarországon" } ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["authors"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(Author)#874 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(2957) ["email"]=> string(18) "potozoli@gmail.com" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(2645) ["seq"]=> int(10) ["userGroupId"]=> int(116) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(0) "" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(8) "Potoczki" ["hu_HU"]=> string(8) "Potoczki" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(7) "Zoltán" ["hu_HU"]=> string(7) "Zoltán" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } ["keywords"]=> array(2) { ["hu_HU"]=> array(5) { [0]=> string(18) "állami bevételek" [1]=> string(7) "dohány" [2]=> string(14) "előállítás" [3]=> string(12) "forgalmazás" [4]=> string(9) "jövedék" } ["en_US"]=> array(5) { [0]=> string(14) "state revenues" [1]=> string(7) "tobacco" [2]=> string(10) "production" [3]=> string(5) "sales" [4]=> string(11) "excise duty" } } ["subjects"]=> array(0) { } ["disciplines"]=> array(0) { } ["languages"]=> array(0) { } ["supportingAgencies"]=> array(0) { } ["galleys"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(ArticleGalley)#879 (7) { ["_submissionFile"]=> NULL ["_data"]=> array(9) { ["submissionFileId"]=> int(7677) ["id"]=> int(1792) ["isApproved"]=> bool(false) ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["label"]=> string(3) "PDF" ["publicationId"]=> int(2645) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["urlPath"]=> string(0) "" ["urlRemote"]=> string(0) "" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(true) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) }Recenzió a Közszolgálati stratégiai emberierőforás-menedzsment című egyetemi szakkönyvről
The Public Sector strategic human resources management course book authors are providing integrated view about the task management and work activity, and performance & rewards management, as well as the career of the workers in the public sector. They are presenting a complex view on the impacting factors in human resources management related to the individual competency development.
" ["hu_HU"]=> string(387) "A Közszolgálati stratégiai emberierőforrás-menedzsment tankönyv szerzői a közszolgálati feladatellátást és a közszolgálatban dolgozók munkavégzését, teljesítményét, ösztönzését, karrierjét, egyéni kompetenciafejlesztését befolyásoló emberierőforrás-gazdálkodással összefüggő menedzsmenttevékenységről nyújtanak átfogó képet művükben.
" } ["copyrightHolder"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["prefix"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["subtitle"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["title"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(99) "Recenzió a Közszolgálati stratégiai emberierőforás-menedzsment című egyetemi szakkönyvről" } ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["authors"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(Author)#887 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(2963) ["email"]=> string(19) "noreply@ludovika.hu" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(2651) ["seq"]=> int(11) ["userGroupId"]=> int(116) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(0) "" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(4) "Boda" ["hu_HU"]=> string(4) "Boda" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(9) "Boglárka" ["hu_HU"]=> string(9) "Boglárka" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } ["keywords"]=> array(2) { ["hu_HU"]=> array(4) { [0]=> string(31) "emberierőforrás-gazdálkodás" [1]=> string(13) "HR-eszközök" [2]=> string(17) "humán folyamatok" [3]=> string(30) "közszolgálati rendszermodell" } ["en_US"]=> array(4) { [0]=> string(26) "human resources management" [1]=> string(8) "HR tools" [2]=> string(25) "human resources processes" [3]=> string(27) "public service system model" } } ["subjects"]=> array(0) { } ["disciplines"]=> array(0) { } ["languages"]=> array(0) { } ["supportingAgencies"]=> array(0) { } ["galleys"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(ArticleGalley)#888 (7) { ["_submissionFile"]=> NULL ["_data"]=> array(9) { ["submissionFileId"]=> int(7690) ["id"]=> int(1798) ["isApproved"]=> bool(false) ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["label"]=> string(3) "PDF" ["publicationId"]=> int(2651) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["urlPath"]=> string(0) "" ["urlRemote"]=> string(0) "" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(true) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) }