An Overview of European Data Sharing Regulation, with a Particular Focus on the Data Act

Abstract

The data sharing regulation of the European Union has evolved significantly in recent years in response to the challenges and opportunities of the digital economy. The paper provides a comprehensive overview of the European legal framework for data sharing, with a particular focus on the recently adopted Data Act. The paper describes in detail the regulation of government-to-business (G2B), business-to-business (B2B) and business-to-government (B2G) data sharing. The main points of the Data Act are analysed, including the different levels of data access, the prohibition of unfair contract terms and measures to prevent unlawful international access to non-personal data. The study highlights the key role of data sharing in developing the European data economy and increasing its competitiveness. It also provides a critical analysis of the differences and interdependencies between different regulations, highlighting their potential impact on innovation and market competition. Finally, the article reflects on the challenges of striking a balance between data protection and data sharing, and on efforts to strengthen the EU’s global digital position.