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The Institutionalisation of Smart Villages and Smart Rural Development in Hungary Lessons from a Policy Discourse Analysis
The aim of this study is to describe and evaluate the institutionalisation process of the so-called smart approach to rural development, i.e. the implementation of “smart villages” in Hungary. Using the methodological tool of discourse analysis, it argues that an overemphasis on a critical approach, which would mainly interpret the institutionalisation of the smart village discourse on the basis of its role in the (re)production of domination, is a rather one-sided approach. In Hungary, local actors and/or grassroots initiatives have played a decisive role in shaping the meaning of the smart village concept right from the beginning. On the other hand, it seems that even at a later phase of the smart village discourse, when the power centre, i.e. the administration would gradually take matters into their hands, it is not appropriate to focus on asymmetric power relations. The analysis of the Hungarian Digital Village Programme launched in 2020 shows that the administration’s aim is still to encourage rural municipalities interested in smart approaches to actively participate in the process of meaning construction.
" ["hu_HU"]=> string(1202) "A tanulmány célja az úgynevezett okos vidékfejlesztési megközelítés, azaz az okos falu probléma magyarországi intézményesülési folyamatának bemutatása és értékelése. A tanulmány a diskurzuselemzés módszertani eszközével azt igyekszik bizonyítani, hogy a kritikai megközelítés túlhangsúlyozása, amely elsősorban az uralom (újra)termelésében betöltött szerepe alapján értelmezné az okosfalu-diskurzus intézményesülését, meglehetősen egyoldalú választás lenne. Magyarországon a helyi szereplők és/vagy az alulról építkező kezdeményezések már a kezdetektől fogva meghatározó szerepet játszottak az okosfalu fogalmának alakításában. Másrészt úgy tűnik, hogy még az okosfalu-diskurzus későbbi szakaszában, amikor a hatalmi centrum fokozatosan átveszi a kezdeményezést, sem lenne helyénvaló az aszimmetrikus hatalmi relációkra összpontosítani. A 2020-ban indított Digitális Falu Program elemzése azt mutatja, hogy a hatalmi centrum célja továbbra is az, hogy az okos megközelítések iránt érdeklődő vidéki településeket arra ösztönözze, vegyenek részt aktívan a jelentéskonstrukció folyamatában.
" } ["copyrightHolder"]=> array(1) { ["en_US"]=> string(21) "Buskó Tibor László" } ["subtitle"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(40) "Lessons from a Policy Discourse Analysis" ["hu_HU"]=> string(48) "Egy szakpolitikai diskurzuselemzés tanulságai " } ["title"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(81) "The Institutionalisation of Smart Villages and Smart Rural Development in Hungary" ["hu_HU"]=> string(73) "Az okos falu, okos vidékfejlesztés intézményesülése Magyarországon" } ["locale"]=> string(5) "en_US" ["authors"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(Author)#806 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(11) { ["id"]=> int(8295) ["email"]=> string(29) "Busko.Tibor.Laszlo@uni-nke.hu" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(6711) ["seq"]=> int(1) ["userGroupId"]=> int(116) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(6) "Buskó" ["hu_HU"]=> string(6) "Buskó" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(14) "Tibor László" ["hu_HU"]=> string(14) "Tibor László" } ["affiliation"]=> array(1) { ["hu_HU"]=> string(28) "a:1:{s:5:"hu_HU";s:3:"NKE";}" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "en_US" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } ["keywords"]=> array(2) { ["hu_HU"]=> array(4) { [0]=> string(17) "diskurzuselemzés" [1]=> string(17) "vidékfejlesztés" [2]=> string(11) "okos falvak" [3]=> string(22) "okos vidékfejlesztés" } ["en_US"]=> array(5) { [0]=> string(18) "discourse analysis" [1]=> string(17) "rural development" [2]=> string(14) "smart villages" [3]=> string(23) "smart rural development" [4]=> string(7) "Hungary" } } ["subjects"]=> array(0) { } ["disciplines"]=> array(0) { } ["languages"]=> array(0) { } ["supportingAgencies"]=> array(0) { } ["galleys"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(ArticleGalley)#819 (7) { ["_submissionFile"]=> NULL ["_data"]=> array(9) { ["submissionFileId"]=> int(31098) ["id"]=> int(5687) ["isApproved"]=> bool(false) ["locale"]=> string(5) "en_US" ["label"]=> string(3) "PDF" ["publicationId"]=> int(6711) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["urlPath"]=> string(0) "" ["urlRemote"]=> string(0) "" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(true) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) }Soft TQM Elements for Digital Transformation in the Public Sector
The digital transformation of the public sector requires not only advanced modern technology but also good strategy and effective use of human factors. Additionally, quality management plays a crucial role in improving the performance and service quality of government organisations. This raises the question of how quality management could benefit digitalisation efforts and help the government to adapt in the era of digital technologies. However, the extant literature mostly focuses on the practice of quality management and the antecedents of digital transformation from the context of a private organisation, and only rarely from a public sector perspective. Therefore, this research seeks to understand and identify the soft TQM elements that can be applied in a public organisation to propel its digital transformation. The analysis was conducted based on a review of relevant papers published in this field. Deductive thematic analysis was employed to identify appropriate themes for this study. The findings identify five soft TQM elements: top management commitment and leadership, training and education, employee involvement, citizen focus and continuous improvement, all of which could positively impact a public organisation’s digitalisation initiatives. The study aims to provide novel and relevant insights to assist government organisations in planning and carrying out digital transformations.
" } ["copyrightHolder"]=> array(1) { ["en_US"]=> string(42) "Abdul Wahi Nur Syuhaini, Berényi László" } ["title"]=> array(1) { ["en_US"]=> string(65) "Soft TQM Elements for Digital Transformation in the Public Sector" } ["locale"]=> string(5) "en_US" ["authors"]=> array(2) { [0]=> object(Author)#815 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(7834) ["email"]=> string(37) "abdulwahi.nursyuhainibinti@uni-nke.hu" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(6359) ["seq"]=> int(2) ["userGroupId"]=> int(116) ["country"]=> string(2) "MY" ["orcid"]=> string(0) "" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(28) "a:1:{s:5:"en_US";s:3:"Ms.";}" ["hu_HU"]=> string(28) "a:1:{s:5:"en_US";s:3:"Ms.";}" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(10) "Abdul Wahi" ["hu_HU"]=> string(10) "Abdul Wahi" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(12) "Nur Syuhaini" ["hu_HU"]=> string(12) "Nur Syuhaini" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "en_US" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } [1]=> object(Author)#792 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(9083) ["email"]=> string(25) "berenyi.laszlo@uni-nke.hu" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(6359) ["seq"]=> int(2) ["userGroupId"]=> int(116) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(0) "" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(8) "Berényi" ["hu_HU"]=> string(8) "Berényi" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(8) "László" ["hu_HU"]=> string(8) "László" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "en_US" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } ["keywords"]=> array(1) { ["en_US"]=> array(6) { [0]=> string(22) "digital transformation" [1]=> string(13) "public sector" [2]=> string(18) "quality management" [3]=> string(24) "total quality management" [4]=> string(3) "TQM" [5]=> string(8) "soft TQM" } } ["subjects"]=> array(0) { } ["disciplines"]=> array(0) { } ["languages"]=> array(0) { } ["supportingAgencies"]=> array(0) { } ["galleys"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(ArticleGalley)#842 (7) { ["_submissionFile"]=> NULL ["_data"]=> array(9) { ["submissionFileId"]=> int(31099) ["id"]=> int(5688) ["isApproved"]=> bool(false) ["locale"]=> string(5) "en_US" ["label"]=> string(3) "PDF" ["publicationId"]=> int(6359) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["urlPath"]=> string(0) "" ["urlRemote"]=> string(0) "" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(true) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) }This paper examines the essential financial instruments as the pillars of the climate resilience of the European Union. The research is based on qualitative methodology, i.e. the analysis of relevant policy documents, budgetary documents and legal sources, as well as the review of relevant literature. In order to emphasise the importance of the issue discussed, first of all the relevant terms and definitions such as climate risk and climate resilience are set out, and the whole issue of climate change is briefly outlined. After that, the two main sections of the article are structured as follows. First the role of the budgetary tools of the EU is discussed – including the latest facilities such as the 2021–2027 MFF, NextGenerationEU and RRF. The second main point is established around the role of the central bank system – including the European Central Bank and the central banks of the member states – in climate resilience. The last chapter before the final discussion briefly sketches the experimental co-financing tools – mostly pilot projects – which are aimed at the energy efficiency of the infrastructure.
" } ["copyrightHolder"]=> array(1) { ["en_US"]=> string(14) "Teleki Bálint" } ["title"]=> array(1) { ["en_US"]=> string(44) "The Role of Finance in EU Climate Resilience" } ["locale"]=> string(5) "en_US" ["authors"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(Author)#817 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(8278) ["email"]=> string(24) "teleki.balint@uni-nke.hu" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(6698) ["seq"]=> int(3) ["userGroupId"]=> int(116) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(0) "" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(6) "Teleki" ["hu_HU"]=> string(6) "Teleki" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(7) "Bálint" ["hu_HU"]=> string(7) "Bálint" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "en_US" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } ["keywords"]=> array(1) { ["en_US"]=> array(9) { [0]=> string(13) "central banks" [1]=> string(15) "climate finance" [2]=> string(6) "EU ETS" [3]=> string(21) "European Central Bank" [4]=> string(19) "European Commission" [5]=> string(13) "MFF 2021-2027" [6]=> string(16) "NextGenerationEU" [7]=> string(15) "project finance" [8]=> string(3) "RRF" } } ["subjects"]=> array(0) { } ["disciplines"]=> array(0) { } ["languages"]=> array(0) { } ["supportingAgencies"]=> array(0) { } ["galleys"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(ArticleGalley)#848 (7) { ["_submissionFile"]=> NULL ["_data"]=> array(9) { ["submissionFileId"]=> int(31100) ["id"]=> int(5689) ["isApproved"]=> bool(false) ["locale"]=> string(5) "en_US" ["label"]=> string(3) "PDF" ["publicationId"]=> int(6698) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["urlPath"]=> string(0) "" ["urlRemote"]=> string(0) "" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(true) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) }The Consequences of the Pandemic in the Hungarian Penitentiary System
The Covid-19 epidemic put significant pressure on national penitentiary services all over the world to control the impacts of the pandemic on closed prison environments. The prison services of the member states of the Council of Europe responded with incredible speed and effectiveness with preventive and administrative measures to prevent the spread of the virus. The objective of the Council of Europe, EuroPris and other international organisations, was to support the member states’ responses to the situation in prisons by facilitating the exchange of information and best practices. The present study examines and analyses the statements and recommendations of the most important bodies and committees of the Council of Europe, in parallel with measures and solutions implemented in Hungary, in the light of international recommendations.
The paper is based on a descriptive analysis of the Council of Europe expectations and recommendations and their applicability in the Hungarian prison system. Hungary has successfully processed and incorporated almost all of the expectations of the international parties, in fact, the country took further steps to make the pandemic’s outreached contacts of prisoners and relatives more colourful and active.
Prevention and control measures adopted in a timely manner were effective both in Hungary and in other Council of Europe member states. This study highlights the critical importance of rapid and appropriate actions by international control bodies and the open and cooperative response of the national prison services.
A COVID–19-járvány következtében a nemzeti büntetés-végrehajtási szervezetekre jelentős nyomás nehezedett annak érdekében, hogy korlátozzák a vírus zárt börtönkörnyezetre gyakorolt hatását. Az Európa Tanács tagországainak büntetés-végrehajtási szervezetei a vírus terjedésének megakadályozására hihetetlen gyorsasággal reagáltak, és hoztak megelőző és kezelő intézkedéseket. Az Európa Tanács, az EuroPris és más nemzetközi szervezetek célja az volt, hogy az információk és a bevált gyakorlatok (best practice) cseréjének elősegítésével támogassák a tagállamok börtönökben uralkodó helyzet kezelésére irányuló válaszlépéseit. Jelen tanulmány, a terjedelmi korlátok figyelembevételével, górcső alá veszi az Európa Tanács legfontosabb szerveinek, bizottságainak nyilatkozatait, ajánlásait és az abban foglaltakat, érintőlegesen párhuzamba állítva a magyar intézkedésekkel és megoldásokkal.
" } ["copyrightHolder"]=> array(1) { ["en_US"]=> string(16) "Czenczer Orsolya" } ["title"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(70) "The Consequences of the Pandemic in the Hungarian Penitentiary System " ["hu_HU"]=> string(71) "A világjárvány következményei a magyar büntetés-végrehajtásban" } ["locale"]=> string(5) "en_US" ["authors"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(Author)#809 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(14) { ["id"]=> int(7853) ["email"]=> string(27) "czenczer.orsolya@uni-nke.hu" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(6373) ["seq"]=> int(4) ["userGroupId"]=> int(116) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(37) "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3318-6767" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(92) "National University of Public Service, Faculty of Law Enforcement, Department of Corrections" ["hu_HU"]=> string(93) "Nemzeti Közszolgálati Egyetem, Rendészettudományi Kar, Büntetés-végrehajtási Tanszék" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(63) "correctional maior, associate professor, senior lecturer
" ["hu_HU"]=> string(67) "bv őrnagy, egyetemi docens, tudományos főmunkatárs
" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(8) "Czenczer" ["hu_HU"]=> string(8) "Czenczer" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(7) "Orsolya" ["hu_HU"]=> string(7) "Orsolya" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "en_US" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } ["keywords"]=> array(1) { ["en_US"]=> array(4) { [0]=> string(8) "pandemic" [1]=> string(17) "Council of Europe" [2]=> string(6) "prison" [3]=> string(9) "detention" } } ["subjects"]=> array(0) { } ["disciplines"]=> array(0) { } ["languages"]=> array(0) { } ["supportingAgencies"]=> array(0) { } ["galleys"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(ArticleGalley)#820 (7) { ["_submissionFile"]=> NULL ["_data"]=> array(9) { ["submissionFileId"]=> int(31101) ["id"]=> int(5690) ["isApproved"]=> bool(false) ["locale"]=> string(5) "en_US" ["label"]=> string(3) "PDF" ["publicationId"]=> int(6373) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["urlPath"]=> string(0) "" ["urlRemote"]=> string(0) "" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(true) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) }The EU׳s Regional Refugees Approach A Double-Edged, but Promising Approach
The European Union has drawn on its migration policy in the Middle East and North Africa as a method of region-building that takes resilience as its “Governing Principle” when responding to crises. The central theme of resilience is to keep refugees closer to their home instead of flowing into Europe. This approach might be promising, yet it has both positive and negative effects. In the absence of adequate resources, resilience building may exacerbate the economic, political and social vulnerabilities already existing in these countries. In addition, resilience does not seem to put an end to the refugees’ suffering which, in turn, leads to increasing demands for better services, which could ultimately lead to violent riots that endanger the security of these states. Hence, resilience may seem to jeopardise rather than safeguard the security of these hosts. However, considering the case of displacement from Syria, the article focuses on the EU’s approach to refugees in its neighbourhood, and attempts an in-depth analysis of the EU’s refugee cooperation with Jordan, one of the key regional hosts, to argue that while resilience might be an approach with opposing effects, the EU and Jordan are working to make it a promising one. Their focus is to maintain a balance between the interests of refugees and of local communities. More importantly, the role of resilience in preserving Jordan’s economic and social stability and its social cohesion makes it a more promising approach than simply providing humanitarian assistance.
" ["hu_HU"]=> string(1517) "The European Union has drawn on its migration policy in the Middle East and North Africa as a method of region-building that sets resilience as the “Governing Rationale״ to respond to crises. The Central theme of resilience is keeping the refugees closer to their home instead of flowing to Europe. This approach might be promising, yet, it has contesting effects. In the absence of adequate resources, resilience building may exacerbate the economic, political and social vulnerabilities already existing in these countries. In addition, resilience does not seem to put an end to those refugees' suffering, this, in turn, leads to a level of mobilization to demand better services, which could ultimately turn to violent riots that endanger the security of these states. Hence, resilience may seem jeopardizing rather than safeguarding the security of these hosts. However, building on the case of displacement from Syria, the article targets the EU’s refugee approach in its neighborhood, and employs in-depth analysis for the EU׳s refugee cooperation with Jordan, one of the key regional hosts to argue that resilience might be a contesting approach, however, the EU and Jordan are working to make it promising. Their focus is to keep a balance between refugees and local communities. More importantly, resilience׳s role in preserving Jordan's economic, social stability and social cohesion, makes it more promising approach than providing humanitarian assistance.
" } ["copyrightHolder"]=> array(1) { ["en_US"]=> string(12) "Aleassa Lina" } ["subtitle"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(38) "A Double-Edged, but Promising Approach" ["hu_HU"]=> string(37) "A Contesting, yet, Promising Approach" } ["title"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(36) "The EU׳s Regional Refugees Approach" ["hu_HU"]=> string(36) "The EU׳s Regional Refugees Approach" } ["locale"]=> string(5) "en_US" ["authors"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(Author)#855 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(14) { ["id"]=> int(8006) ["email"]=> string(34) "dhahi.aleassa@stud.uni-corvinus.hu" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(6491) ["seq"]=> int(5) ["userGroupId"]=> int(116) ["country"]=> string(0) "" ["orcid"]=> string(0) "" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(31) "Corvinus University of Budapest" ["hu_HU"]=> string(31) "Corvinus University of Budapest" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(22) "Ph.D. candidate
" ["hu_HU"]=> string(22) "Ph.D. candidate
" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(7) "Aleassa" ["hu_HU"]=> string(7) "Aleassa" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(4) "Lina" ["hu_HU"]=> string(4) "Lina" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "en_US" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } ["keywords"]=> array(1) { ["en_US"]=> array(5) { [0]=> string(16) "Migration Policy" [1]=> string(25) "Regional-Refugee Approach" [2]=> string(10) "Resilience" [3]=> string(8) "Security" [4]=> string(25) "The Syrian Refugee Crisis" } } ["subjects"]=> array(0) { } ["disciplines"]=> array(0) { } ["languages"]=> array(0) { } ["supportingAgencies"]=> array(0) { } ["galleys"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(ArticleGalley)#849 (7) { ["_submissionFile"]=> NULL ["_data"]=> array(9) { ["submissionFileId"]=> int(31102) ["id"]=> int(5691) ["isApproved"]=> bool(false) ["locale"]=> string(5) "en_US" ["label"]=> string(3) "PDF" ["publicationId"]=> int(6491) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["urlPath"]=> string(0) "" ["urlRemote"]=> string(0) "" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(true) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) }A Review on Global Homelessness: An Attempt to Understand the Phenomenon in The Nigerian Context
This paper examines global perspectives on homelessness and contributes to scientific knowledge in this area. The work is motivated by my academic and research background particularly my doctoral dissertation. It examines the concept, nature and theories of homelessness from a global perspective to create an understanding of the phenomenon in the Nigerian context. The study reflects the conceptual complexity of homelessness in the light of the criteria that are used to define adequate housing worldwide. It reflects different theoretical dimensions of the study of homelessness including homelessness as a personal pathology, homelessness as a structural dysfunctionality and homelessness as a combination of both. It emphasises the importance of field, recognition
and structuration theories in understanding homelessness. It also highlights the importance of the five structures of ‘relational model’ and ‘critical realism’ in understanding the mechanism of the emergence of homelessness in Nigeria and concludes with some relevant facts and findings.
The study examines homelessness in global and local contexts to examine the conceptualisation and theoretical framework of homelessness along with related findings in a multifaceted sense to understand the phenomenon from different perspectives. The literature is reviewed considering the relevant conceptual background, applied theories, arguments and relevant findings. The study reveals the conceptual and theoretical diversity and reflects on the complexity, heterogeneity and dynamics of the phenomenon around the globe. The conceptual diversity of the phenomenon is a factor of the dynamic theoretical frameworks. They range from personal pathologies to structural
dysfunctionalities to new orthodox and critical realism. In Nigeria, the problem is more structurally influenced than personally influenced. The duality of agency in structuration theory, the (4) model structure and the field of structural relations expand the understanding of the causes of homelessness in Nigeria.
Control of the Black Sea Straits: The Kerch Incident Maritime Security and the Psychology Drama Triangle of Ukraine, Russia and NATO, Türkiye and the EU
This article addresses regional security in the EU’s South-Eastern neighbourhood. The current Russia–Ukraine relations represent a critical point within the historical power competition over the Black Sea straits between Russia–Türkiye and Russia–NATO. The Black Sea has three geopolitically significant straits. Two are controlled by Türkiye – the Dardanelles and the Bosphorus, connecting the Black Sea and the Mediterranean Sea. One is currently controlled by Russia – the Kerch Strait, connecting the Black Sea and the Azov Sea. The unresolved regional security crises include the Kerch Strait incident from 2018, in which Russian vessels implemented military action against Ukrainian vessels.
This study is inductive. It addresses the Kerch Strait incident as a security crisis of two contrasting perspectives – first, that of maritime security and international law, and second, the psychological drama triangle – a model of interpersonal dependency, which I apply to international relations. These two approaches lead to a better understanding of ongoing processes. First, the maritime law perspective shows the inapplicability of international maritime law due to opposing vital security interests of the participants. Second, the psychological perspective suggests an alternative explanation of recurring crises in international relations. The findings suggest two solutions. First, based on international maritime law, the Kerch incident could be resolved only if Russia and Ukraine agree on the ownership of Crimea and its territorial waters. However, their differing perception of security threats is an obstacle to such resolution. Second, the drama triangle of human interaction examines interpersonal conflict in which the victim has to interrupt the cycle of victimisation. Applying this psychological model to IR suggests that Ukraine, if in the victim role, should aim self-empowerment to minimise dependencies on dominant international actors.