Socio-economic Governance in the EU
Copyright (c) 2022 Orosz Ágnes, Szijártó Norbert
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Abstract
This paper focuses on the complexity of socio-economic governance in the European Union. We define socio-economic governance as the process of governing societies in a situation where no single actor can claim absolute dominance thus socio-economic governance is the outcome of the interaction between European Union institutions (European Union decision-makers) and member states (national policy-makers). Since the onset of the global financial crisis and the euro crisis a decade ago, social issues have become substantially prominent in EU governance and policy debate. Furthermore, the Covid-19 crisis brought again social issues to the fore. There is no dedicated social governance framework in the European Union but there are several mechanisms (strategies, initiatives and regulations) through which social governance is practiced. At the same time, the framework for European economic governance has substantially been strengthened as a consequence of the global financial crisis and the euro crisis and can be characterised by a matured but incomplete framework. On the one hand, this paper aims to collect and investigate all governance tools related to economic and social issues in the European Union, and on the other hand, this research examines the impacts of those governance tools on member states.
Keywords:
How to Cite
References
Armstrong, K. A. (2012). EU social policy and the governance architecture of Europe 2020. European Review of Labour and Research, 18(3), 285–300. Online: https://doi.org/10.1177/1024258912448600
Bache, I., Bartle, I., & Flinders, M. (2016). Multi-level Governance. In Ch. Ansell & J. Torfing (Ed.), Handbook
on Theories of Governance. Edward Elgar Publishing, Cheltenham. Online: https://doi.org/10.4337/9781782548508.00052
Bevir, M. (2012). Governance. A very short introduction. Oxford University Press, Oxford. Online: https://doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780199606412.001.0001
Bongardt, A. & Torres, F. (2010). The Competitiveness Rationale, Sustainable Growth and the Need for
Enhanced Economic Coordination. Intereconomics, 45(3), 136–141.
Büchs, M. (2009). The open method of coordination – effectively preventing welfare state retrenchment?
European Integration Online Papers (EIoP), 13(1), 1–20. Online: http://doi.org.10.1695/2009011
Caminada, K., Goudswaard, K. & Van Vliet, O. (2010). Patterns of Welfare State Indicators in the EU: Is
there Convergence? Journal of Common Market Studies, 48(3), 529–556. Online: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-5965.2010.02063.x
De Grauwe, P. (2013). The European Central Bank as Lender of Last Resort in the Government Bond Markets.
CESifo Economic Studies, 59(3), 520–535. Online: https://doi.org/10.1093/cesifo/ift012
De la Porte, C. & Heins, E. (2015). A new era of European Integration? Governance of labour market and
social policy since the sovereign debt crisis. Comparative European Politics, 13(1), 8–28. Online: https://doi.org/10.1057/cep.2014.39
Dixit, A. (2003). On Modes of Economic Governance. Econometrica, 72(1), 449–481. Online: https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0262.00415
Dixit, A. (2009). Governance Institutions and Economic Activity. American Economic Review, 99(1), 5–24. Online: https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.99.1.5
EUR-Lex (2008). COM/2008/0418 final. Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament,
the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions – “A renewed
commitment to social Europe: Reinforcing the Open Method of Coordination for Social Protection and
Social Inclusio” {SEC(2008) 2153} {SEC(2008) 2169} {SEC(2008) 2170} {SEC(2008) 2179} Online:
Eurofound (2010). Open method of coordination. Online: https://bit.ly/3dpDsEW
European Commission (2014). Social Protection & Social Inclusion. Online: https://bit.ly/3IpktbS
European Commission (2020). Communication, ‘The EU budget powering the recovery plan for Europe’.
Annex thereto in a separate document, COM (2020) 442 final, 27 May 2020.
European Parliament (2000). Lisbon European Council 23 and 24 March 2000: Presidency Conclusions. Online: https://bit.ly/3oqsaH1
European Parliament (2019). Economic Governance. Fact Sheets on the European Union. Online: https://
bit.ly/3Im3jMe
European Parliament (2021). Social and Employment Policy: General Principles. Fact Sheets on the European
Union. Online: https://bit.ly/3oqPvZa
Eurostat (2014). Glossary: Open method of coordination (OMC). Eurostat. Online: https://bit.ly/3dlPgYK
Eyraud, L. & Wu, T. (2015). Playing by the Rules: Reforming Fiscal Governance in Europe. IMF Working
Paper No. WP/15/67. Online: https://doi.org/10.5089/9781484300282.001
Farrell, H. & Newman, A. L. (2010). Making global markets: Historical institutionalism in international
political economy. Review of International Political Economy, 17(4), 609–638. Online: https://doi.org/10.1080/09692291003723672
Ferrera, M. (1996). The “Southern” Model of Welfare State in Social Europe. Journal of European Social
Policy, 6(1), 17–37. Online: https://doi.org/10.1177/095892879600600102
Ferrera, M. & Rhodes, M. (2000). Building a Sustainable Welfare State. West European Politics, 23(2), 257–282. Online: https://doi.org/10.1080/01402380008425375
Fukuyama, F. (2013). What is Governance? Center for Global Development, Working Paper No. 314.
Gocaj, L. & Meunier, S. (2013). Time will tell: The EFSF, the ESM and the euro crisis. Journal of European
Integration, 35(3), 239–253. Online: https://doi.org/10.1080/07036337.2013.774778
Graziano, Paolo and Hartlapp, Miriam (2019). The end of social Europe? Understanding EU social policy
change. Journal of European Public Policy, 26(10), 1484–1501. Online: https://doi.org/10.1080/13501763.2018.1531911
Hall, P. A. & Taylor, R. C. R. (1996). Political science and the three new institutionalisms. Political Studies, 44(5), 936–957. Online: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9248.1996.tb00343.x
Hantrais, L. (2007). Social Policy in the European Union (3rd edition). Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke.
Heise, A. (2012). Governance Without Government or, The Euro Crisis and What Went Wrong with European
Economic Governance. International Journal of Political Economy, 41(2), 42–60. Online: https://doi.org/10.2753/IJP0891-1916410203
Hodson, D. & Maher, I. (2001). The Open Method as a New Mode of Governance. Journal of Common
Market Studies, 39(4), 719–746. Online: https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-5965.00328
Howarth, D. & Quaglia, L. (2014). The Steep Road to European Banking Union: Constructing the Single
Resolution Mechanism. Journal of Common Market Studies, 52, 125–140. Online: https://doi.org/10.1111/jcms.12178
Jones, E. R., Kelemen, D. & Meunier, S. (2015). Failing Forward? The Euro Crisis and the Incomplete Nature
of European Integration. Comparative Political Studies, 49(7), 1010–1034. Online: https://doi.org/10.1177/0010414015617966
Kohler-Koch, B. & Rittberger, B. (2006). Review Article: The ‘Governance Turn’ in EU Studies. Journal of
Common Market Studies, 44(Annual Review), 27–49. Online: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-5965.2006.00642.x
Majone, G. (1996). Regulating Europe. Routledge, London. Online: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203439197
Marks, G., Hooghe, L. & Blank, K. (1996). European Integration from the 1980s: State-centric v. Multi-level Governance. Journal of Common Market Studies, 34(3), 341–378. Online: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-5965.1996.tb00577.x
Martin, A. & Ross, G. (2004). Euros and Europeans: Monetary Integration and the European Model of
Society. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. Online: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511492020
Michalski, A. (2013). Democratic Governance and Policy Coordination in the EU. In D. G. Mayes, D. G. &
A. Michalski (Eds.), The Changing Welfare State In Europe: The Implications for Democracy. Edward
Elgar, Cheltenham, Northampton, MA. Online: https://doi.org/10.4337/9781782546573.00016
Milotay, N. (2020). Social governance in the European Union: Managing complex systems. In-depth Analysis,
European Parliamentary Research Service. Online: https://doi.org/10.2861/81099
Monnet, J. (1976). Mémoires. Librairie Arthéme Fayard, Paris.
Natali, D. (2010). The Lisbon Strategy, Europe 2020 and the crisis in between. European Social Observatory Deliverable, 4(31), 3–26. Online: https://bit.ly/31n0mux
Peters, G. (1999). Institutional theory in political science – The “new institutionalism”. Pinter, London.
Peters, G. & Pierre, J. (2009). Governance Approaches. In A. Wiener & T. Diez (Eds.), European Integration
Theory (pp. 91–104). Oxford University Press. Online: https://doi.org/10.1093/hepl/9780198737315.001.0001
Pierre, J. (2000). Introduction: Understanding Governance. In J. Pierre (Ed.), Debating Governance. Authority,
Steering and Democracy. Oxford University Press.
Pierson, C. (2007). Beyond the Welfare State? The New Political Economy of Welfare. Polity Press, Cambridge.
Pierson, P. (1994). The Path to European Integration: A Historical Institutionalist Perspective. CES Germany
& Europe Working Papers No. 5.2. Online: https://bit.ly/3xWyZ62
Scharpf, F. W. (2002). The European social model: Coping with the challenges of diversity. Journal of Common
Market Studies, 40(4), 645–670. Online: https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-5965.00392
Scharpf, F. W. (2003). Problem-Solving Effectiveness and Democratic Accountability in the EU. Max-Planck-
Institut für Gesellschaftsforschung, Working Paper No. 1. Online: https://bit.ly/3pwZuLC
Thelen, K. (1999). Historical Institutionalism in Comparative Politics. Annual Review of Political Science, 2, 369–404. Online: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.polisci.2.1.369
Thelen, K. & Steinmo, S. (1992). Historical institutionalism in comparative politics. In S. Steinmo, K. Thelen
& F. Longstreth (Eds.), Structuring Politics – Historical Institutionalism in Comparative Analysis (pp. 1–32). Cambridge University Press. Online: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511528125.002
Vanhercke, B., Ghailani, D., Spasova, S. & Pochet, P. (2020). Social policy in the European Union 1999–2019: the long and winding road. Brussels, European Trade Union Institute (ETUI) and European Social Observatory (OSE).
Verdun, A. (2015). A historical institutionalist explanation of the EU’s responses to the euro area financial
crisis. Journal of European Public Policy, 22(2), 219–237. Online: https://doi.org/10.1080/13501763.2014.994023
Verdun, A. & Zeitlin, J. (2018). Introduction: the European Semester as a new architecture of EU socioeconomic
governance in theory and practice. Journal of European Public Policy, 25(2), 137–148. Online: https://doi.org/10.1080/13501763.2017.1363807
Zambeta, E. (2014). Education in times of crisis. Education Inquiry, 5(1), 1–6. Online: https://doi.org/10.3402/edui.v5.24042
Zeitlin, J. & Vanhercke, B. (2018). Socializing the European Semester: EU social and economic policy coordination
in crisis and beyond, Journal of European Public Policy, 25(2), 149–174. Online: https://doi.org/10.1080/13501763.2017.1363269