In my paper I examine the phenomenon of “self-aiding and abetting”. “Self-aiding and abetting” encompasses all conducts of the defendant within his “liberty of defence” that can cause the distraction of suspicion from himself or the shifting of suspicion on someone else. This conduct is an indictable offence in the Criminal Code under the item of false accusation and misleading of the authority. In the light of all this, the marking out of the limits of “self-aiding and abetting” is essential in order that the nemo tenetur principle could be guaranteed for the defendant in a criminal procedure.
" ["hu_HU"]=> string(580) "A tanulmányban az önbűnpártolás jelenségét vizsgálom. Az önbűnpártolás a terhelt által a védekezési szabadsága körében kifejtett azon magatartások összessége, amelyek a gyanú elterelését, illetve a gyanú áthárítását eredményezhetik. Ezen magatartásokat azonban a Btk. a hamis vád, illetve a hatóság félrevezetésének tényállása körében rendeli büntetni. Ennek értelmében az önbűnpártolás határainak kijelölése elengedhetetlen ahhoz, hogy a terheltet megillető nemo tenetur elve érvényesüljön a büntetőeljárásban.
" } ["copyrightHolder"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["prefix"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["subtitle"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["title"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(59) "The Limits of the Unpunished “Self-aiding and Abetting”" ["hu_HU"]=> string(39) "A büntetlen önbűnpártolás határai" } ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["authors"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(Author)#759 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(1564) ["email"]=> string(19) "noreply@ludovika.hu" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(1490) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["userGroupId"]=> int(150) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(0) "" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(5) "Tóth" ["hu_HU"]=> string(5) "Tóth" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(5) "Géza" ["hu_HU"]=> string(5) "Géza" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } ["keywords"]=> array(2) { ["hu_HU"]=> array(5) { [0]=> string(17) "önbűnpártolás" [1]=> string(23) "védekezési szabadság" [2]=> string(10) "hamis vád" [3]=> string(25) "hatóság félrevezetése" [4]=> string(16) "nemo tenetur elv" } ["en_US"]=> array(5) { [0]=> string(30) "“self-aiding and abetting”" [1]=> string(24) "“liberty of defence”" [2]=> string(16) "false accusation" [3]=> string(27) "misleading of the authority" [4]=> string(22) "nemo tenetur principle" } } ["subjects"]=> array(0) { } ["disciplines"]=> array(0) { } ["languages"]=> array(0) { } ["supportingAgencies"]=> array(0) { } ["galleys"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(ArticleGalley)#772 (7) { ["_submissionFile"]=> NULL ["_data"]=> array(9) { ["submissionFileId"]=> int(5365) ["id"]=> int(700) ["isApproved"]=> bool(false) ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["label"]=> string(3) "PDF" ["publicationId"]=> int(1490) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["urlPath"]=> string(0) "" ["urlRemote"]=> string(0) "" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(true) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) }Following the Compromise of 1867, the creation of the technical education of the police appeared as a recurring demand. Although the Police Act of 1881, which permanently composed the nationalisation of the Budapest Police Force, gave the opportunity to a modern, efficient, metropolitan police came into existence, one of its significant condition, the professional preparedness of the police staff remained unsatisfactory. The fundamental structure of the police education was summarized by Chief Constable János Török in his organizational rules, published in 1893. Its practical experiences are to be found principally in the annual reports of the police bureau and in the police journals. By the years after the turn of the century, with the control of the professionalized instructor staff and the publishing of valuable textbooks which helped to acquire the theoretical and practical knowledge, the Budapest State Police reached the European level.
" ["hu_HU"]=> string(1073) "Az 1867-es kiegyezést követően a rendészettel foglalkozó írásokban visszatérő igényként jelentkezett a rendőri szakoktatás kialakítása. A budapesti rendőrség államosítását véglegesen rendező 1881-es rendőrségi törvény ugyan megteremtette a lehetőségét egy modern, hatékonyan működő nagyvárosi rendőrség létrejöttének, ennek egyik fontos feltétele, a rendőri állomány szakmai felkészültsége azonban messze a kívánalmak alatt maradt. A rendőroktatás alapvető struktúráját Török János főkapitány foglalta össze az 1893‑ban kiadott szervezési szabályzatban. A későbbiekben kialakult gyakorlati tapasztalatok elsősorban a főkapitányság éves jelentéseiben és a rendőri szaklapokban követhetőek nyomon. A századforduló utáni évekre a professzionalizálódott oktatói személyzet irányításával, valamint az elméleti és gyakorlati ismeretek elsajátítását segítő értékes szakmunkák, tankönyvek kiadásával a budapesti államrendőrség európai színvonalú szervezetté vált.
" } ["copyrightHolder"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["prefix"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["subtitle"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["title"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(77) "The Development of the Hungarian Police Training in the Period of the Dualism" ["hu_HU"]=> string(62) "A magyar rendőrképzés fejlődése a dualizmus időszakában" } ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["authors"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(Author)#745 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(1565) ["email"]=> string(24) "androviczgabor@gmail.com" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(1491) ["seq"]=> int(1) ["userGroupId"]=> int(150) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(37) "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3760-9712" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(9) "Androvicz" ["hu_HU"]=> string(9) "Androvicz" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(6) "Gábor" ["hu_HU"]=> string(6) "Gábor" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } ["keywords"]=> array(2) { ["hu_HU"]=> array(7) { [0]=> string(7) "rendőr" [1]=> string(11) "rendőrség" [2]=> string(8) "oktatás" [3]=> string(8) "képzés" [4]=> string(9) "tanfolyam" [5]=> string(6) "vizsga" [6]=> string(20) "rendészettörténet" } ["en_US"]=> array(7) { [0]=> string(14) "police officer" [1]=> string(6) "police" [2]=> string(9) "education" [3]=> string(8) "training" [4]=> string(5) "couse" [5]=> string(11) "examination" [6]=> string(15) "law enforcement" } } ["subjects"]=> array(0) { } ["disciplines"]=> array(0) { } ["languages"]=> array(0) { } ["supportingAgencies"]=> array(0) { } ["galleys"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(ArticleGalley)#788 (7) { ["_submissionFile"]=> NULL ["_data"]=> array(9) { ["submissionFileId"]=> int(5367) ["id"]=> int(701) ["isApproved"]=> bool(false) ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["label"]=> string(3) "PDF" ["publicationId"]=> int(1491) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["urlPath"]=> string(0) "" ["urlRemote"]=> string(0) "" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(true) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) }A decemberi rendőrgyilkosság és a rendőrség fegyverhasználati jogának szabályozása (1931—1932). A meggyilkolt Sinkó József törzsőrmester emlékére
The reason I chose this topic is on the one hand, the death of the forgotten police officer József Sinkó, on the other hand it is the lack of literature; the outcome in domestic politics brought about by the December policeman homicide has not been investigated thoroughly to this day. By this political outcome the author means the legislative process of the right of the police for weapon use. The new regulation had some faults but it also had a positive side.
" ["hu_HU"]=> string(326) "E tanulmányban a rendőrség fegyverhasználati jogával kapcsolatos törvényhozási folyamatot (1931—1932) elemzi a szerző, ezen belül kiemelten foglalkozik Keresztes-Fischer Ferenc belügyminiszter ebben betöltött szerepével is. Az új szabályozásnak voltak hibái, de találhatunk benne pozitívumokat is.
" } ["copyrightHolder"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["prefix"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["subtitle"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["title"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(106) "The Policeman Homicide and the Legislative Process of the Right for Weapon Use of the Police (1931–1932)" ["hu_HU"]=> string(162) "A decemberi rendőrgyilkosság és a rendőrség fegyverhasználati jogának szabályozása (1931—1932). A meggyilkolt Sinkó József törzsőrmester emlékére" } ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["authors"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(Author)#117 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(1566) ["email"]=> string(23) "baloghatilla1@gmail.com" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(1492) ["seq"]=> int(2) ["userGroupId"]=> int(150) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(37) "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5723-6423" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(6) "Balogh" ["hu_HU"]=> string(6) "Balogh" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(6) "Atilla" ["hu_HU"]=> string(6) "Atilla" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } ["keywords"]=> array(2) { ["hu_HU"]=> array(6) { [0]=> string(20) "Belügyminisztérium" [1]=> string(24) "Keresztes-Fischer Ferenc" [2]=> string(35) "rendőrség fegyverhasználati joga" [3]=> string(11) "rendőrség" [4]=> string(14) "Sinkó József" [5]=> string(20) "1932. évi XIII. tc." } ["en_US"]=> array(4) { [0]=> string(24) "Ferenc Keresztes-Fischer" [1]=> string(14) "József Sinkó" [2]=> string(24) "Ministry of the Interior" [3]=> string(6) "police" } } ["subjects"]=> array(0) { } ["disciplines"]=> array(0) { } ["languages"]=> array(0) { } ["supportingAgencies"]=> array(0) { } ["galleys"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(ArticleGalley)#769 (7) { ["_submissionFile"]=> NULL ["_data"]=> array(9) { ["submissionFileId"]=> int(5369) ["id"]=> int(702) ["isApproved"]=> bool(false) ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["label"]=> string(3) "PDF" ["publicationId"]=> int(1492) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["urlPath"]=> string(0) "" ["urlRemote"]=> string(0) "" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(true) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) }Beszélhetünk-e bevándorláspolitikáról a középkorban? — Keleti migránsok az Árpád-házi királyok alatt
The title of my paper refers to the period from the foundation of the state to the Turkish conquest. Immigration Policy is a modern system, which requires professional administration, presupposes the coordinated functioning of several institutions. In the Middle Ages, the situation was different. The admission, placement, and settling of foreigners depended on the dominant horde, which was driven by interests and perhaps moral considerations.
" ["hu_HU"]=> string(494) "Tanulmányomban a címben feltett kérdést boncolgatom az államalapítástól a török hódításig, nem ráerőltetve a múltra az újkori ismereteinket, felfogásunkat. A bevándorláspolitika modern rendszer, amely szakszerű közigazgatást, több intézmény összehangolt működését feltételezi. A középkorban más volt a helyzet. A külföldiek befogadása, elhelyezése, letelepedése uralkodói kegytől függött, amit érdek és esetleg erkölcsi szempontok vezettek.
" } ["copyrightHolder"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["prefix"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["subtitle"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["title"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(115) "Can We Talk of Immigration Policy in the Middle Ages? — Oriental Migrants under the Kings of the House of Árpád" ["hu_HU"]=> string(115) "Beszélhetünk-e bevándorláspolitikáról a középkorban? — Keleti migránsok az Árpád-házi királyok alatt" } ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["authors"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(Author)#796 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(1567) ["email"]=> string(24) "jambor.orsolya@gmail.com" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(1493) ["seq"]=> int(3) ["userGroupId"]=> int(150) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(37) "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4581-5217" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(7) "Jámbor" ["hu_HU"]=> string(7) "Jámbor" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(13) "Orsolya Ilona" ["hu_HU"]=> string(13) "Orsolya Ilona" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } ["keywords"]=> array(2) { ["hu_HU"]=> array(8) { [0]=> string(21) "bevándorláspolitika" [1]=> string(20) "migrációtörténet" [2]=> string(10) "középkor" [3]=> string(5) "kunok" [4]=> string(7) "jászok" [5]=> string(9) "besenyők" [6]=> string(11) "izmaeliták" [7]=> string(7) "zsidók" } ["en_US"]=> array(7) { [0]=> string(18) "immigration policy" [1]=> string(17) "migration history" [2]=> string(9) "Cumanians" [3]=> string(9) "Jazygians" [4]=> string(10) "Petchenegs" [5]=> string(11) "Ishmaelites" [6]=> string(4) "Jews" } } ["subjects"]=> array(0) { } ["disciplines"]=> array(0) { } ["languages"]=> array(0) { } ["supportingAgencies"]=> array(0) { } ["galleys"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(ArticleGalley)#790 (7) { ["_submissionFile"]=> NULL ["_data"]=> array(9) { ["submissionFileId"]=> int(5374) ["id"]=> int(703) ["isApproved"]=> bool(false) ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["label"]=> string(3) "PDF" ["publicationId"]=> int(1493) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["urlPath"]=> string(0) "" ["urlRemote"]=> string(0) "" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(true) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) }Gedeon Ráday eliminated the outlaws during his Royal Commissioner activity (1869—1872) and restored public order. The raiders, robbers and killers meant the real threat; they usually worked in groups of 4—8 members, but these groups had little to do with folk romantic. Ráday caught not only individual raiders but also eliminated their well-built network in the upper classes. He used new ways and psychological methods which brought outstanding results. The literature and the cinematic art commemorates Ráday’s work.
" ["hu_HU"]=> string(637) "Ráday Gedeon, királyi biztosi tevékenységével (1869–1872) felszámolta a betyárvilágot és helyreállította a közbiztonságot. A fenyegetést fosztogató, rabló, gyilkoló betyárok jelentették. Az általában 4-8 fős csapatoknak a valóságban kevés közük volt a népi romantikához. Ráday nemcsak egyes embereket fogott el, hanem felszámolta kapcsolatrendszerüket is, egészen a felsőbb osztályokig. A korban újnak számító és jellegzetes pszichológiai módszereket használt amelyekkel hamar kimagasló eredményt ért el. Munkásságának a szépirodalom és a filmművészet is emléket állított.
" } ["copyrightHolder"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["prefix"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["subtitle"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["title"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(84) "New Methods and New Representation — The Royal Commissioning in the Age of Dualism" ["hu_HU"]=> string(78) "Új módszer és új ábrázolás (A királyi biztosság a dualizmus korában)" } ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["authors"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(Author)#794 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(1568) ["email"]=> string(26) "lenart.mategabor@gmail.com" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(1494) ["seq"]=> int(4) ["userGroupId"]=> int(150) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(37) "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8248-8614" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(8) "Lénárt" ["hu_HU"]=> string(8) "Lénárt" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(13) "Máté Gábor" ["hu_HU"]=> string(13) "Máté Gábor" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } ["keywords"]=> array(2) { ["hu_HU"]=> array(7) { [0]=> string(19) "királyi biztosság" [1]=> string(9) "betyárok" [2]=> string(11) "tanyavilág" [3]=> string(13) "Ráday Gedeon" [4]=> string(13) "pszichológia" [5]=> string(20) "szegedi várbörtön" [6]=> string(15) "Jancsó Miklós" } ["en_US"]=> array(10) { [0]=> string(19) "Royal Commissioning" [1]=> string(10) "highwaymen" [2]=> string(7) "outlaws" [3]=> string(7) "boonies" [4]=> string(13) "Gedeon Ráday" [5]=> string(10) "psychology" [6]=> string(6) "Szeged" [7]=> string(9) "oubliette" [8]=> string(7) "dungeon" [9]=> string(15) "Miklós Jancsó" } } ["subjects"]=> array(0) { } ["disciplines"]=> array(0) { } ["languages"]=> array(0) { } ["supportingAgencies"]=> array(0) { } ["galleys"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(ArticleGalley)#795 (7) { ["_submissionFile"]=> NULL ["_data"]=> array(9) { ["submissionFileId"]=> int(5376) ["id"]=> int(704) ["isApproved"]=> bool(false) ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["label"]=> string(3) "PDF" ["publicationId"]=> int(1494) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["urlPath"]=> string(0) "" ["urlRemote"]=> string(0) "" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(true) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) }Vilmos Kondor’s novel, Budapest Noir gives an authentic picture of the society in Budapest in the 1930s; crime, the operation of the police, the press, the relationship between journalists and the police worked together in perfect harmony, so much so, that we can say that this cooperation worked even better than today. I am going to touch upon the works that inspired Kondor by their authenticity. The contemporary press–police relations — about which we can state that they were not hostile — appear plastically.
" ["hu_HU"]=> string(492) "Kondor Vilmos regénye, a Budapest noir hiteles képet fest az 1930-as évek budapesti társadalmáról, a bűnözésről, a rendőrség működéséről, a sajtó, az újságírók és a rendőrség kapcsolatáról, ami teljesen – s úgy tűnik jobban – működött, mint napjainkban. Kitérek azokra a művekre, amelyek hitelességükkel is inspirálták Kondort. Plasztikusan jelenik meg a korabeli sajtó-rendőrség kapcsolat, amelyről elmondható, hogy nem volt ellenséges.
" } ["copyrightHolder"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["prefix"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["subtitle"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["title"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(71) "In the Train of the Police “Noir” — Vilmos Kondor Representations" ["hu_HU"]=> string(57) "A rendőr noir nyomában — Kondor Vilmos ábrázolásai" } ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["authors"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(Author)#770 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(1569) ["email"]=> string(18) "ivett364@gmail.com" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(1495) ["seq"]=> int(5) ["userGroupId"]=> int(150) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(37) "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7195-7000" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(4) "Nagy" ["hu_HU"]=> string(4) "Nagy" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(5) "Ivett" ["hu_HU"]=> string(5) "Ivett" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } ["keywords"]=> array(2) { ["hu_HU"]=> array(7) { [0]=> string(13) "Kondor Vilmos" [1]=> string(11) "rendőrség" [2]=> string(6) "sajtó" [3]=> string(13) "Budapest noir" [4]=> string(12) "zsurnaliszta" [5]=> string(22) "bűnügyi tudósítás" [6]=> string(13) "krimi regény" } ["en_US"]=> array(7) { [0]=> string(13) "Vilmos Kondor" [1]=> string(6) "police" [2]=> string(5) "press" [3]=> string(13) "Budapest Noir" [4]=> string(10) "journalist" [5]=> string(15) "criminal report" [6]=> string(11) "crime novel" } } ["subjects"]=> array(0) { } ["disciplines"]=> array(0) { } ["languages"]=> array(0) { } ["supportingAgencies"]=> array(0) { } ["galleys"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(ArticleGalley)#799 (7) { ["_submissionFile"]=> NULL ["_data"]=> array(9) { ["submissionFileId"]=> int(5378) ["id"]=> int(705) ["isApproved"]=> bool(false) ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["label"]=> string(3) "PDF" ["publicationId"]=> int(1495) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["urlPath"]=> string(0) "" ["urlRemote"]=> string(0) "" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(true) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) }Just as the market is changing, businesses have to change as well, one of the main tasks of management teams in these changes is to move the business to the rolling barriers and help them overcome the obstacles. This was recognized by the “Antall Government”, which by inviting Balázs Horváth, Minister of the Interior, to appoint a Dutch company named TC Team Consult to review the Hungarian Police, confirmed his intention to modernize the police. Police leadership and also the local governments recognized the need for adjustment, but the Government considered it necessary to maintain the central, high-powered role of the police (the role of the armed forces).
" ["hu_HU"]=> string(767) "Mint ahogyan a piac változik, úgy a vállalkozásoknak is változniuk kell, a menedzsercégek egyik fő feladata ezen változások során a vállalkozások átsegítése az eléjük gördülő akadályokon. Ezt ismerte fel az „Antall-kormány”, amely azzal, hogy Horváth Balázs belügyminiszter meghívta a TC Team Consult holland székhelyű szervezettannal foglalkozó céget a magyar rendőrség átvilágítására, hitelesítette törekvési szándékát a rendőrség modernizálására. A rendőrségi vezetés és az önkormányzatok is felismerték a változás szükségességét, azonban a hatalmon lévő kormányzat fontosnak tartotta a rendőrség centrális, nagy erejű bevethetőségének (karhatalmista szerepkörének) megtartását.
" } ["copyrightHolder"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["prefix"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["subtitle"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["title"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(52) "TC Team Consult — Ideas about Police Modernization" ["hu_HU"]=> string(66) "TC Team Consult – Gondolatok a rendőrség modernizációjáról" } ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["authors"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(Author)#801 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(1571) ["email"]=> string(16) "bezke1@gmail.com" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(1497) ["seq"]=> int(6) ["userGroupId"]=> int(150) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(37) "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3113-0022" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(9) "Bezerédi" ["hu_HU"]=> string(9) "Bezerédi" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(4) "Imre" ["hu_HU"]=> string(4) "Imre" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } ["keywords"]=> array(2) { ["hu_HU"]=> array(15) { [0]=> string(18) "magyar rendőrség" [1]=> string(16) "rendszerváltás" [2]=> string(14) "modernizáció" [3]=> string(12) "szervezettan" [4]=> string(15) "TC Team Consult" [5]=> string(15) "átvilágítás" [6]=> string(7) "projekt" [7]=> string(9) "menedzser" [8]=> string(11) "beruházás" [9]=> string(7) "rendőr" [10]=> string(9) "szervezet" [11]=> string(11) "társadalom" [12]=> string(17) "decentralizáció" [13]=> string(15) "depolitizáció" [14]=> string(17) "demilitarizáció" } ["en_US"]=> array(11) { [0]=> string(16) "Hungarian police" [1]=> string(13) "regime change" [2]=> string(13) "modernization" [3]=> string(15) "TC Team Consult" [4]=> string(9) "screening" [5]=> string(10) "investment" [6]=> string(12) "organization" [7]=> string(7) "society" [8]=> string(16) "decentralization" [9]=> string(16) "depoliticization" [10]=> string(16) "demilitarization" } } ["subjects"]=> array(0) { } ["disciplines"]=> array(0) { } ["languages"]=> array(0) { } ["supportingAgencies"]=> array(0) { } ["galleys"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(ArticleGalley)#803 (7) { ["_submissionFile"]=> NULL ["_data"]=> array(9) { ["submissionFileId"]=> int(5380) ["id"]=> int(706) ["isApproved"]=> bool(false) ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["label"]=> string(3) "PDF" ["publicationId"]=> int(1497) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["urlPath"]=> string(0) "" ["urlRemote"]=> string(0) "" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(true) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) }Az interjú és a kérdőív alkalmazásának gyakorlati tapasztalatai nemzetközi közegben
The paper presents the practical experiences of adaption of two research methods (interview and questionnaire) in an international police atmosphere. The publication enters into unique characteristics which differs from recommendations of literature; besides, it formulates possibilities for researchers who perform similar research.
" ["hu_HU"]=> string(350) "A publikáció két kutatási módszer, az interjú és a kérdőív nemzetközi rendőri közegben történt alkalmazásával kapcsolatos gyakorlati tapasztalatokat mutatja be. Ennek során kitér az irodalmi ajánlásoktól eltérő egyedi sajátosságokra, valamint lehetőségeket fogalmaz meg a hasonló kutatásokat folytatók számára.
" } ["copyrightHolder"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["prefix"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["subtitle"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["title"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(96) "The Practical Experiences of Interview and Questionnaire Adaption in an International Atmosphere" ["hu_HU"]=> string(92) "Az interjú és a kérdőív alkalmazásának gyakorlati tapasztalatai nemzetközi közegben" } ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["authors"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(Author)#797 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(1572) ["email"]=> string(26) "mogyorodig@nebek.police.hu" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(1499) ["seq"]=> int(7) ["userGroupId"]=> int(150) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(37) "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1598-305X" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(10) "Mogyoródi" ["hu_HU"]=> string(10) "Mogyoródi" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(7) "Gergely" ["hu_HU"]=> string(7) "Gergely" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } ["keywords"]=> array(2) { ["hu_HU"]=> array(4) { [0]=> string(8) "metodika" [1]=> string(8) "interjú" [2]=> string(10) "kérdőív" [3]=> string(11) "nemzetközi" } ["en_US"]=> array(4) { [0]=> string(11) "methodology" [1]=> string(9) "interview" [2]=> string(13) "questionnaire" [3]=> string(13) "international" } } ["subjects"]=> array(0) { } ["disciplines"]=> array(0) { } ["languages"]=> array(0) { } ["supportingAgencies"]=> array(0) { } ["galleys"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(ArticleGalley)#807 (7) { ["_submissionFile"]=> NULL ["_data"]=> array(9) { ["submissionFileId"]=> int(5384) ["id"]=> int(708) ["isApproved"]=> bool(false) ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["label"]=> string(3) "PDF" ["publicationId"]=> int(1499) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["urlPath"]=> string(0) "" ["urlRemote"]=> string(0) "" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(true) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) }Reintegrációt segítő tevékenységek a Nemzeti Bűnmegelőzési Stratégia tükrében a büntetés-végrehajtás területén
Based on the Government Decree on National Strategy of Crime prevention (2003—2013), this paper seeks to describe the action programmes, products of tenders and lectures given at conferences held in Hungary, as well as other documents concerned with action programmes that are aimed at facilitating the effective reintegration of former prisoners into society. The paper also raises some questions that might be worth considering when evaluating the effectiveness of the said action programmes.
" ["hu_HU"]=> string(540) "A tanulmány a Nemzeti Bűnmegelőzési Stratégiáról (2003—2013) szóló Kormányhatározatban foglaltak alapján kívánja bemutatni azokat a cselekvési programokat, pályázati eredménytermékeket, hazai konferenciákon elhangzott ismertetőket, és egyéb, cselekvési programot bemutató dokumentumokat, amelyek az eredményes reintegrációt hivatottak elősegíteni. Ezek kapcsán felvet néhány olyan kérdést, amelyet érdemes lehet az eredményesség értékelése szempontjából a későbbiekben figyelembe venni.
" } ["copyrightHolder"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["title"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(115) "Helping System Activities Aimed at Facilitating Reintegration in View of the National Strategy for Crime Prevention" ["hu_HU"]=> string(128) "Reintegrációt segítő tevékenységek a Nemzeti Bűnmegelőzési Stratégia tükrében a büntetés-végrehajtás területén" } ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["authors"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(Author)#805 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(1574) ["email"]=> string(23) "bolgar.judit@uni-nke.hu" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(1501) ["seq"]=> int(8) ["userGroupId"]=> int(150) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(37) "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0638-0027" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(7) "Bolgár" ["hu_HU"]=> string(7) "Bolgár" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(5) "Judit" ["hu_HU"]=> string(5) "Judit" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } ["keywords"]=> array(2) { ["hu_HU"]=> array(4) { [0]=> string(14) "reintegráció" [1]=> string(17) "reszocializáció" [2]=> string(15) "bűnmegelőzés" [3]=> string(27) "bűnismétlés megelőzése" } ["en_US"]=> array(4) { [0]=> string(13) "reintegration" [1]=> string(15) "resocialisation" [2]=> string(16) "crime prevention" [3]=> string(28) "the prevention of recidivism" } } ["subjects"]=> array(0) { } ["disciplines"]=> array(0) { } ["languages"]=> array(0) { } ["supportingAgencies"]=> array(0) { } ["galleys"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(ArticleGalley)#811 (7) { ["_submissionFile"]=> NULL ["_data"]=> array(9) { ["submissionFileId"]=> int(5389) ["id"]=> int(710) ["isApproved"]=> bool(false) ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["label"]=> string(3) "PDF" ["publicationId"]=> int(1501) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["urlPath"]=> string(0) "" ["urlRemote"]=> string(0) "" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(true) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) }In the case of infringements committed during imprisonment, we strive to ensure the necessary control and sanctions in an efficient, humane way by meeting the highest professional standards. The disciplinary actions against prisoners are closely related to criminal proceedings in terms of their objective and duty systems. In my study, I attempt to demonstrate the above statement through a detailed presentation of disciplinary actions.
" ["hu_HU"]=> string(573) "A fogva tartás során elkövetett fegyelmi vétségnek minősülő cselekmények esetében, alapvetően arra törekszünk, hogy hatékonyan, emberségesen és magas szakmai normákkal biztosítsuk a szükséges kontroll és szankciók érvényesülését. A fogvatartottak fegyelmi eljárása cél- és feladatrendszerének tekintetében, az eljárás strukturális felépítésében szoros rokonságot mutat a büntetőeljárással. Tanulmányomban a fenti állítást igyekeztem bizonyítani a fegyelmi eljárás minél részletgazdagabb bemutatásán keresztül.
" } ["copyrightHolder"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["prefix"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["subtitle"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["title"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(80) "Aspects of Procedural Criminal Law in the Disciplinary Actions against Prisoners" ["hu_HU"]=> string(83) "Büntető eljárásjogi elemek a fogvatartottak fegyelmi felelősségre vonásában" } ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["authors"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(Author)#809 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(1576) ["email"]=> string(24) "forgacs.judit@uni-nke.hu" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(1503) ["seq"]=> int(9) ["userGroupId"]=> int(150) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(37) "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4490-5875" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(8) "Forgács" ["hu_HU"]=> string(8) "Forgács" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(5) "Judit" ["hu_HU"]=> string(5) "Judit" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } ["keywords"]=> array(2) { ["hu_HU"]=> array(4) { [0]=> string(24) "büntetés-végrehajtás" [1]=> string(18) "fegyelmi eljárás" [2]=> string(14) "fogvatartottak" [3]=> string(18) "büntetőjogi vád" } ["en_US"]=> array(4) { [0]=> string(15) "law enforcement" [1]=> string(20) "disciplinary actions" [2]=> string(9) "prisoners" [3]=> string(15) "criminal charge" } } ["subjects"]=> array(0) { } ["disciplines"]=> array(0) { } ["languages"]=> array(0) { } ["supportingAgencies"]=> array(0) { } ["galleys"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(ArticleGalley)#815 (7) { ["_submissionFile"]=> NULL ["_data"]=> array(9) { ["submissionFileId"]=> int(24665) ["id"]=> int(712) ["isApproved"]=> bool(false) ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["label"]=> string(3) "PDF" ["publicationId"]=> int(1503) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["urlPath"]=> string(0) "" ["urlRemote"]=> string(0) "" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(true) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) }A small part of a district of Hong-Kong used to be the most densely populated area in the world. It was called “Hong-Kong Walled City”, and because of its particular legal and geographical position, it became a place without administration, without laws and rules. The area without regulations, which was smaller than 3 hectares, was the home of tens of thousands of people. How could a community like that exist and what role did the organized crime groups play in its life? The author tries to answer these questions from the perspective of history, sociology and criminology, and in the meanwhile, introduce the specifics of everyday life as well.
" ["hu_HU"]=> string(705) "Létezett egy városnegyed Hongkongban, amely évtizedekig viselte a „Föld legsűrűbben lakott része” jelzőt. A csak Kowloon Walled City néven ismert terület nem mindennapi jogi és földrajzi helyzetéből adódóan egy főhatalomtól mentes, jogi normákkal és közigazgatással nem rendelkező városrésszé vált, s a kevesebb mint háromhektárnyi föld több tízezer ember otthona volt. Hogyan működött egy ilyen közösség, és milyen szerepet játszott ebben a szervezett bűnözés? A szerző történelmi, szociológiai és kriminológiai szempontból próbálja megválaszolni a felmerült kérdéseket, miközben igyekszik bemutatni a hétköznapi élet jellemzőit is.
" } ["copyrightHolder"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["prefix"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["subtitle"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["title"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(65) "Kowloon: Self-governing Community Interwoven with Organized Crime" ["hu_HU"]=> string(68) "Kowloon: egy bűnszervezetekkel átszőtt önigazgatási közösség" } ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["authors"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(Author)#813 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(1578) ["email"]=> string(23) "davidpetz1996@gmail.com" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(1504) ["seq"]=> int(10) ["userGroupId"]=> int(150) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(37) "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8710-4237" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(4) "Petz" ["hu_HU"]=> string(4) "Petz" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(6) "Dávid" ["hu_HU"]=> string(6) "Dávid" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } ["keywords"]=> array(2) { ["hu_HU"]=> array(6) { [0]=> string(8) "Hongkong" [1]=> string(7) "Kowloon" [2]=> string(6) "Triád" [3]=> string(21) "szervezett bűnözés" [4]=> string(13) "önigazgatás" [5]=> string(5) "Kína" } ["en_US"]=> array(6) { [0]=> string(9) "Hong-Kong" [1]=> string(7) "Kowloon" [2]=> string(6) "Triads" [3]=> string(15) "organized crime" [4]=> string(15) "self-management" [5]=> string(5) "China" } } ["subjects"]=> array(0) { } ["disciplines"]=> array(0) { } ["languages"]=> array(0) { } ["supportingAgencies"]=> array(0) { } ["galleys"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(ArticleGalley)#818 (7) { ["_submissionFile"]=> NULL ["_data"]=> array(9) { ["submissionFileId"]=> int(5397) ["id"]=> int(714) ["isApproved"]=> bool(false) ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["label"]=> string(3) "PDF" ["publicationId"]=> int(1504) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["urlPath"]=> string(0) "" ["urlRemote"]=> string(0) "" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(true) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) }The presentation and the relating article present a section of research called “Issues of Anti-cyber Crime at Law Enforcement Agencies”. In order to reach this aim, it is necessary to assess the current status of crimes and relating law enforcement activities. At the same time, an investigation is being conducted to identify the best international practices. Considering these sources, proposals are expected from the Hungarian law enforcement agencies that may result to be efficient in domestic and international cooperation, education, research and development, legislation and law enforcement. The purpose of the lecture is to describe the partial results of the research.
" ["hu_HU"]=> string(659) "Az előadás és a kapcsolódó cikk tárgya A kiberbűnözés elleni fellépés egyes kérdései a rendészeti szerveknél címmel indult kutatás egy szeletét mutatja be. Szükséges a bűncselekmények és a bűnüldözés jelenlegi helyzetének feltárása és a legjobb nemzetközi gyakorlatok felkutatása. Cél a magyar rendészeti szervek számára olyan javaslatok kialakítása, amelyek a belföldi és a nemzetközi együttműködés, az oktatás, a kutatás-fejlesztés, a jogalkotás, és a jogalkalmazás hatékonyságnövekedését eredményezhetik. A teljes vizsgálatból az előadás célja a kutatási részeredmények ismertetése.
" } ["copyrightHolder"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["prefix"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["subtitle"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["title"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(28) "Current Trends in Cybercrime" ["hu_HU"]=> string(36) "A kiberbűnözés aktuális trendjei" } ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["authors"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(Author)#822 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(1580) ["email"]=> string(21) "simon.bela@uni-nke.hu" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(1507) ["seq"]=> int(11) ["userGroupId"]=> int(150) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(37) "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1555-3690" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(5) "Simon" ["hu_HU"]=> string(5) "Simon" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(5) "Béla" ["hu_HU"]=> string(5) "Béla" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } ["keywords"]=> array(2) { ["hu_HU"]=> array(3) { [0]=> string(15) "kiberbűnözés" [1]=> string(22) "kiberbűncselekmények" [2]=> string(27) "számítógépes bűnözés" } ["en_US"]=> array(2) { [0]=> string(15) "law enforcement" [1]=> string(10) "cybercrime" } } ["subjects"]=> array(0) { } ["disciplines"]=> array(0) { } ["languages"]=> array(0) { } ["supportingAgencies"]=> array(0) { } ["galleys"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(ArticleGalley)#823 (7) { ["_submissionFile"]=> NULL ["_data"]=> array(9) { ["submissionFileId"]=> int(5400) ["id"]=> int(716) ["isApproved"]=> bool(false) ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["label"]=> string(3) "PDF" ["publicationId"]=> int(1507) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["urlPath"]=> string(0) "" ["urlRemote"]=> string(0) "" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(true) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) }In the publications at present, I would like to introduce the reader to the illegal migration of the Near East and the Middle East. I would also like to present the situation of the masses of this region, the circumstances and the main migratory routes.
" ["hu_HU"]=> string(259) "A jelen publikációmban a Közel- és Közép-Kelet illegális migrációit szeretném megismertetni az olvasóval. Ezen belül is a közel- és közép-keleti tömegek helyzetével, körülményeivel és a főbb migrációs útvonalakkal foglalkozom.
" } ["copyrightHolder"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["prefix"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["subtitle"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["title"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(78) "Illegal Migration Analysis and Evaluation of the Middle East and the Near East" ["hu_HU"]=> string(82) "A Közép- és Közel-Kelet felőli illegális migráció elemzése, értékelése" } ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["authors"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(Author)#821 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(1581) ["email"]=> string(24) "szepferenc1986@gmail.com" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(1508) ["seq"]=> int(12) ["userGroupId"]=> int(150) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(37) "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3125-3380" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(5) "Szép" ["hu_HU"]=> string(5) "Szép" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(6) "Ferenc" ["hu_HU"]=> string(6) "Ferenc" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } ["keywords"]=> array(2) { ["hu_HU"]=> array(2) { [0]=> string(21) "illegális migráció" [1]=> string(22) "migrációs útvonalak" } ["en_US"]=> array(2) { [0]=> string(17) "illegal migration" [1]=> string(16) "migration routes" } } ["subjects"]=> array(0) { } ["disciplines"]=> array(0) { } ["languages"]=> array(0) { } ["supportingAgencies"]=> array(0) { } ["galleys"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(ArticleGalley)#827 (7) { ["_submissionFile"]=> NULL ["_data"]=> array(9) { ["submissionFileId"]=> int(5403) ["id"]=> int(717) ["isApproved"]=> bool(false) ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["label"]=> string(3) "PDF" ["publicationId"]=> int(1508) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["urlPath"]=> string(0) "" ["urlRemote"]=> string(0) "" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(true) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) }Hot spot analysis is a lesser known method of criminal analysis in our country. Unfortunately, in the everyday police work it is not used frequently and even the criminologists and criminal geographers look at this method as an adopted child. It is hard to say why Hungarian experts averse to it, since even in our country the right GIS softwares are available and one does not need any indepth knowledge to be able to use these computer programmes. The above mentioned is further underlined by the fact that there are hardly any studies on hot spot analysis in Hungarian which can be used in practice. It is a similar situation to crime mapping which is also among the wrongly omitted tools, though both of them would be of great help for the everyday police work. The current study wants to introduce the most important notions, research history, map display and analysis possibilities of hotspot analysis.
" ["hu_HU"]=> string(915) "Hot spot analysis is a lesser known method of criminal analysis in our country. Unfortunately, in the everyday police work it is not used frequently and even the criminologists and criminal geographers look at this method as an adopted child. It is hard to say why Hungarian experts averse to it, since even in our country the right GIS softwares are available and one does not need any indepth knowledge to be able to use these computer programmes. The above mentioned is further underlined by the fact that there are hardly any studies on hot spot analysis in Hungarian which can be used in practice. It is a similar situation to crime mapping which is also among the wrongly omitted tools, though both of them would be of great help for the everyday police work. The current study wants to introduce the most important notions, research history, map display and analysis possibilities of hotspot analysis.
" } ["copyrightHolder"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["title"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(47) "The Role of Hot Spot Analysis in Crime Analysis" ["hu_HU"]=> string(47) "The Role of Hot Spot Analysis in Crime Analysis" } ["locale"]=> string(5) "en_US" ["authors"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(Author)#836 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(1582) ["email"]=> string(26) "matyas.szabolcs@uni-nke.hu" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(1509) ["seq"]=> int(13) ["userGroupId"]=> int(150) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(37) "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9529-7596" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(8) "Mátyás" ["hu_HU"]=> string(8) "Mátyás" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(8) "Szabolcs" ["hu_HU"]=> string(8) "Szabolcs" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "en_US" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } ["keywords"]=> array(2) { ["hu_HU"]=> array(4) { [0]=> string(17) "hot spot analysis" [1]=> string(8) "hot spot" [2]=> string(9) "cold spot" [3]=> string(14) "crime analysis" } ["en_US"]=> array(4) { [0]=> string(17) "hot spot analysis" [1]=> string(8) "hot spot" [2]=> string(9) "cold spot" [3]=> string(14) "crime analysis" } } ["subjects"]=> array(0) { } ["disciplines"]=> array(0) { } ["languages"]=> array(0) { } ["supportingAgencies"]=> array(0) { } ["galleys"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(ArticleGalley)#831 (7) { ["_submissionFile"]=> NULL ["_data"]=> array(9) { ["submissionFileId"]=> int(5405) ["id"]=> int(718) ["isApproved"]=> bool(false) ["locale"]=> string(5) "en_US" ["label"]=> string(3) "PDF" ["publicationId"]=> int(1509) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["urlPath"]=> string(0) "" ["urlRemote"]=> string(0) "" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(true) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) }I hereby intend to present a summary of the EULEX mission in Kosovo and the experiences of the participants in it. The reason for its creation and its operation was examined by many. The paper does not seek to investigate the mission’s motivation, therefore only the effects of the mission and the statements of the people involved in the mission are presented.
" ["hu_HU"]=> string(388) "Írásomban egy összefoglalót szándékozok mutatni a Koszovóban zajló EULEXmisszióról és az abban részt vevők tapasztalatairól. A létrejöttét, annak indokait, működését többen vizsgálták, ezért az írás nem a misszió indokoltságának a vizsgálatára törekedett, így a misszió hatásait és a misszióban részt vevő személyek elmondásait ismertetem.
" } ["copyrightHolder"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["prefix"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["subtitle"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["title"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(29) "Thoughts on the EULEX Mission" ["hu_HU"]=> string(32) "Gondolatok az EULEX-misszióról" } ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["authors"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(Author)#793 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(1583) ["email"]=> string(21) "dr.pokrocos@gmail.com" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(1511) ["seq"]=> int(14) ["userGroupId"]=> int(150) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(37) "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9831-7422" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(9) "Pokrócos" ["hu_HU"]=> string(9) "Pokrócos" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(7) "György" ["hu_HU"]=> string(7) "György" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } ["keywords"]=> array(2) { ["hu_HU"]=> array(2) { [0]=> string(14) "EULEX-misszió" [1]=> string(8) "Koszovó" } ["en_US"]=> array(2) { [0]=> string(13) "EULEX mission" [1]=> string(6) "Kosovo" } } ["subjects"]=> array(0) { } ["disciplines"]=> array(0) { } ["languages"]=> array(0) { } ["supportingAgencies"]=> array(0) { } ["galleys"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(ArticleGalley)#835 (7) { ["_submissionFile"]=> NULL ["_data"]=> array(9) { ["submissionFileId"]=> int(5407) ["id"]=> int(719) ["isApproved"]=> bool(false) ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["label"]=> string(3) "PDF" ["publicationId"]=> int(1511) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["urlPath"]=> string(0) "" ["urlRemote"]=> string(0) "" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(true) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) }Conceptual Framework: Measuring Police Performance and Efficiency. The Types of “Quality” Indicators in Foreign Researches
The “orthodoxy” of efficiency is essentially nothing else than the practical and rational usage of resources and expences/costs in order to produce the desired product or service. Its axiom is that all production branches, processes and services need to be rationalized, for which inputs/expenditures can be minimalized and profits can be maximalized. Whether the police, as a safety supplier, in their own social context/environment (in case of service users) and in order to increase satisfaction and trust (I mean profit), exploit all the opportunities (i.e. make optimal use of the conditions, that is rationalize) that socially and politically determine their organizational structure and operation. In order to interpret the frames of an efficient police, it is important to identify the targets of law enforcing, because efficiency can only be evaluated in the dimension of achieving those targets. It cannot be anything else than complying with the law, ensuring the rule of law and the protection of human rights as constitutionally identified targets. Therefore, traditional market instruments are not suitable for measuring the quality and efficiency of the police. In order to talk about efficiency measurement, it is necessary to develop the indicators that, in line with the social aims of the police, are suitable to show the defence capabilities of law enforcement. Therefore, at the forefront of our research the social purposes are significant, not the organizational ones. Organizational purposes can be considered as the indicators of inner effectiveness, as a quality index. Producing performance values specified by the organization itself within the burocratic framework, however, may easily conflict with the effectiveness interpretations of other fields of justice, but mainly those expressed by the society. Therefore, developing the indicators that indicate the quality of its social functioning and effects is crucial, not its organizational one. “Until the police measure their own performance by their own standards, they will not be able to get an objective picture about the fulfillment of their own social role.” In that regard, by qualitative indicators we mean the results and effectiveness of the fulfillment of social purposes.
" ["hu_HU"]=> string(2279) "The “orthodoxy” of efficiency is essentially nothing else than the practical and rational usage of resources and expences/costs in order to produce the desired product or service. Its axiom is that all production branches, processes and services need to be rationalized, for which inputs/expenditures can be minimalized and profits can be maximalized. Whether the police, as a safety supplier, in their own social context/environment (in case of service users) and in order to increase satisfaction and trust (I mean profit), exploit all the opportunities (i.e. make optimal use of the conditions, that is rationalize) that socially and politically determine their organizational structure and operation. In order to interpret the frames of an efficient police, it is important to identify the targets of law enforcing, because efficiency can only be evaluated in the dimension of achieving those targets. It cannot be anything else than complying with the law, ensuring the rule of law and the protection of human rights as constitutionally identified targets. Therefore, traditional market instruments are not suitable for measuring the quality and efficiency of the police. In order to talk about efficiency measurement, it is necessary to develop the indicators that, in line with the social aims of the police, are suitable to show the defence capabilities of law enforcement. Therefore, at the forefront of our research the social purposes are significant, not the organizational ones. Organizational purposes can be considered as the indicators of inner effectiveness, as a quality index. Producing performance values specified by the organization itself within the burocratic framework, however, may easily conflict with the effectiveness interpretations of other fields of justice, but mainly those expressed by the society. Therefore, developing the indicators that indicate the quality of its social functioning and effects is crucial, not its organizational one. “Until the police measure their own performance by their own standards, they will not be able to get an objective picture about the fulfillment of their own social role.” In that regard, by qualitative indicators we mean the results and effectiveness of the fulfillment of social purposes.
" } ["copyrightHolder"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["title"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(126) "Conceptual Framework: Measuring Police Performance and Efficiency. The Types of “Quality” Indicators in Foreign Researches" ["hu_HU"]=> string(126) "Conceptual Framework: Measuring Police Performance and Efficiency. The Types of “Quality” Indicators in Foreign Researches" } ["locale"]=> string(5) "en_US" ["authors"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(Author)#833 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(1585) ["email"]=> string(21) "vari.vince@uni-nke.hu" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(1513) ["seq"]=> int(15) ["userGroupId"]=> int(150) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(37) "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6416-1645" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(5) "Vári" ["hu_HU"]=> string(5) "Vári" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(5) "Vince" ["hu_HU"]=> string(5) "Vince" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "en_US" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } ["keywords"]=> array(2) { ["hu_HU"]=> array(3) { [0]=> string(18) "police performance" [1]=> string(10) "efficiency" [2]=> string(24) "“Quality” Indicators" } ["en_US"]=> array(3) { [0]=> string(18) "police performance" [1]=> string(10) "efficiency" [2]=> string(24) "“Quality” Indicators" } } ["subjects"]=> array(0) { } ["disciplines"]=> array(0) { } ["languages"]=> array(0) { } ["supportingAgencies"]=> array(0) { } ["galleys"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(ArticleGalley)#842 (7) { ["_submissionFile"]=> NULL ["_data"]=> array(9) { ["submissionFileId"]=> int(5409) ["id"]=> int(720) ["isApproved"]=> bool(false) ["locale"]=> string(5) "en_US" ["label"]=> string(3) "PDF" ["publicationId"]=> int(1513) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["urlPath"]=> string(0) "" ["urlRemote"]=> string(0) "" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(true) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) }