On the Nature of War: War as Contest

doi: 10.32563/hsz.2024.3.4

Abstract

One of the most important questions in the philosophy of war is to uncover the nature of war by answering the question of ’What is war?’. Proposed answers consist of the broad and the narrow definitions of war. While according to the former war is the conflict of opposites between cosmic, transcendental, or biological entities, including humans, the narrow definition focuses to conflicts of humans. Carl von Clausewitz (1780–1831) picked the latter option when he defined war as duel on a large scale in chapter 1 of the First Book of his book On War. This article concerns the history of this approach to war from the antiquity to the 20th century.

Keywords:

philosophy of war war as contest ordeal Clausewitz

References

BEAL, Richard H. szerk. (2003): The Ten Year Annals of Great King Mursili II of Hatti. In HALLO, William W. (szerk.): The Context of Scripture. Vol. II. Leiden-Boston: Brill, 82–90.

BEDERMAN, David J. (2004): International Law in Antiquity. Cambridg: Cambridge University Press.

BENE László (2007): Görög-római filozófia. In BOROSS Gábor (szerk.): Filozófia. Budapest: Akadémiai, 23–253.

BODA Mihály (2023): A háborús ideológiák története. Budapest: Ludovika.

CICERO (1987): A kötelességekről. Első könyv. In Cicero válogatott művei. Budapest: Európa, 289–345.

CICERO (2005): Az állam. Budapest: Akadémiai.

CLAUSEWITZ, Carl von (2013): A háborúról. Budapest: Zrínyi.

DEZSŐ Tamás (2009): Égi és földi propaganda. Az Asszír Birodalom expanziós ideológiájának eszköztára (Kr. e. 745–612). Ókor, 8(2), 8–14. Online: https://okorportal.hu/wp-content/uploads/2013/06/2009_2_dezso.pdf

FENSHAM, Frank Charles (1971): Ordeal by Battle in the Ancient Near East and the Old Testament. In Studi in Onore de Edoardo Volterra VI. Milano: Giuffre, 127–135.

FOSTER, Benjamin R. szerk. (2005): Before the Muses. An Anthology of Arkadian Literature. Bethesda, Maryland: CDL Press.

FULGOSIUS, Raphaël (2013): In primam Pandectarum partem Commentaria, ad Dig., 1,1,5. In REICHBERG, Gregory M. – SYSE, Henrik – BEGBY, Endre (szerk.): The Ethics of War: Classic and Contemporary Readings. Blackwell Publishing, 228–229.

GENTILI, Alberico (1933): De Iure Belli Libri Tres Vol II. Oxford–London: Clarendon Press – Humphrey Milford.

GIOVANNI DI LEGNANO (1917): The Tractatus de Bello. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Online: https://archive.org/details/TractatusDeBelloDeRepresaliis/page/n7/mode/2up

GOOD, Robert E. (1985): The Just War in Ancient Israel. Journal of Biblical Literature, 104(3), 385–400. Online: https://doi.org/10.2307/3260920

GROTIUS, Hugo (1999): A háború és a béke jogáról I. [H. n.]: Pallas Stúdió – Attraktor Kft.

HARRIS, William V. (1985): War and Imperialism in Republican Rome. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 9–53.

KIDNER, F. Derek (1985): Old Testament Perspectives on War. The Evangelical Quarterly, 57(3), 99–113. Online: https://doi.org/10.1163/27725472-05702003

KIRK, Geoffrey Stephen – RAVEN, John Earle – SCHOFIELD, Malcolm (1998): A preszókratikus filozófusok. Budapest: Atlantisz.

KOROSEC, V. (1963): The Warfare of the Hittites: From the Legal Point of View. Iraq, 25(2), 159–166. Online: https://doi.org/10.2307/4199746

LIND, Millard C. (1980): Yahweh is a Warrior. [H. n.]: Herald Press.

LIVERANI, Mario (2001): International Relations in the Ancient Near East, 1690–110 BC. Basingstoke: Palgrave. Online: https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230286399

LIVIUS (1982a): A római nép története a város alapításától I. Budapest: Európa.

LIVIUS (1982b): A római nép története a város alapításától II. Budapest: Európa.

NABULSI, Karma (2005): Traditions of War. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

ODED, Bustenay (1992): War, Peace and Empire. Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag.

PLATÓN (1984): Az állam. In Platón összes művei II. Budapest: Európa, 5–710.

PREß, Richard (1933): Das Ordal im alten Israel II. Zeitschrift für die alttestamentliche Wissenschaft, 51, 227–255. Online: https://doi.org/10.1515/zatw.1933.51.1.227

RAWLINGS, Louis (2007): The Ancient Greeks at War. Manchester: Manchester University Press. Online: https://doi.org/10.7228/manchester/9780719056574.001.0001

RICH, John (1993): Fear, Greed and Glory: The Causes of Roman War-Making in the Middle Republic. In RICH, John – SHIPLEY, Graham (szerk.): War and Society in the Roman World. London – New York: Routledge, 38–68. Online: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003071341-3

SEDULIUS SCOTTUS (2010): De Rectoribus Christianis – ’On Christian Rulers’. Woodbridge: The Boydell Press.

SIMON Róbert (2011): Utószó. In SIMON Róbert – SIMONNÉ PESTHY Monika (szerk.): Máni és a fény vallása. A manicheizmus forrásai. Budapest: Corvina, 365–452.

SPENCER, Herbert (1969): The Principles of Sociology. Abridged Edition. London: Macmillan.

Szent Biblia. Károli Gáspár ford.

THUKÜDIDÉSZ (1999): A peloponnészoszi háború. Budapest: Osiris.

TOOMBS, L. E. (1962): War, Ideas of. In BUTTRICK, George Arthur (szerk.): The Interpreter’s Dictionary of the Bible (IDB) 4. Nashville: Abingdon Press, 796–801.

VASQUEZ, John A. (2009): The War Puzzle Revisited. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Online: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511627224

WATSON, Alan (1993): International Law in Archaic Rome. Baltimore–London: The John Hopkins University Press.

WRIGHT, Quincy (1965) [1942]: A Study of War. Chicago–London: The University of Chicago Press.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.