The Employment of Nuclear Weapons, Constitution and Society

  • Rezsneki Zsombor
doi: 10.32563/hsz.2024.1.6

Absztrakt

The most unanswered question today is whether or not a country will employ the atomic bomb. Could we get the result that we never again have to deal with the question at all? Experts can answer this question with uncertainty by analysing the current wars and the possibility of weaponising outer space. In this study, I collected and analysed the things necessary for a country to use the atomic bomb. These conditions are obstacles rather than opportunities for using the most destructive weapon ever created by humanity. In the course of my conclusions, I looked for the answer of whether it is possible to say with absolute certainty that the nuclear bomb is likely to be used, and whether its use can be ruled out. In the second part of the thesis, I analysed the constitutional regulation of the application of nuclear weapons and the involvement of societies.

Kulcsszavak:

nuclear weapon treaty atomic bomb responsibility decision mechanism constitution rebellion constituent bodies

Hivatkozások

AKSENOV, Pavel (2013): Stanislav Petrov, The Man Who may have Saved the World. BBC, 26 September, 2013. Online: https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-24280831

Arms Control Association (2019): The Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty at a Glance. Online: https://www.armscontrol.org/factsheets/INFtreaty

Arms Control Association (2022): New START at a Glance. Online: https://www.armscontrol.org/factsheets/NewSTART

Arms Control Association (2023): Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty at a Glance. Online: https://www.armscontrol.org/factsheets/test-ban-treaty-at-a-glance

ATKINSON, Richard C. – HILGARD, Ernst (2005): Pszichológia. Budapest: Osiris.

Atomic Heritage Foundation [s. a.]: Warning Leaflets. Online: https://ahf.nuclearmuseum.org/ahf/key-documents/warning-leaflets/

BOBÁK, Áron (2020): Előbb vagy utóbb jön egy aszteroida, ami tömegek halálát okozza. Mit tehetünk, hogy ez mégse következzen be? Rakéta.hu, 30 June, 2020. Online: https://raketa.hu/vedekezes-a-foldet-fenyegeto-aszteroidak-ellen

BURR, William – KIMBALL, Jeffrey P. (2015): Nixon, Kissinger and the Madman Strategy during Vietnam War The National Security Archive, 29 May, 2015. Online: https://nsarchive2.gwu.edu/nukevault/ebb517-Nixon-Kissinger-and-the-Madman-Strategy-during-Vietnam-War

BUZAN, Barry – WÆVER, Ole (2003): Regions and Powers. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Online: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511491252

CARMICHAEL, Neil (2011): A Brief History of the Berlin Crisis of 1961. Online: https://www.archives.gov/files/research/foreign-policy/cold-war/1961-berlin-crisis/overview/berlin-wall-overview.pdf

DAVIS, Nicola (2017): Soviet Submarine Officer Who Averted Nuclear War Honoured with Prize. The Guardian, 27 October, 2017. Online: https://www.theguardian.com/science/2017/oct/27/vasili-arkhipov-soviet-submarine-captain-who-averted-nuclear-war-awarded-future-of-life-prize

DEBS, Alexandre (2010): Economic Theories of Dictatorship. The Economics of Peace and Security Journal, 5(1), 20–25. Online: https://doi.org/10.15355/epsj.5.1.20

FAIR, C. Christine (2021): Pakistan Lost the 1971 War But Its Project of Islamist Violence Won the Larger Conflict. The Print, 14 December, 2021. Online: https://theprint.in/opinion/pakistan-lost-the-1971-war-but-its-project-of-islamist-violence-won-the-larger-conflict/781070/

FEARON, James D. – LAITIN, David D. (2003): Ethnicity, Insurgency, and Civil War. The American Political Science Review, 97(1), 75–90. Online: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003055403000534

FORD, John (2017): When can a Soldier Disobey on Order? War On The Rocks, 24 July, 2017. Online: https://warontherocks.com/2017/07/when-can-a-soldier-disobey-an-order

GURTOV, Melvin (1976): The Taiwan Strait Crisis Revisited: Politics and Foreign Policy in Chinese Motives. Modern China, 2(1), 49–103. Online: https://doi.org/10.1177/009770047600200104

HITCHENS, Theresa (2022): No U.S. Missile Defense System Proven Capable against ‘Realistic’ ICBM Threats: Study. Breaking Defense, 22 February, 2022. Online: https://breakingdefense.com/2022/02/no-us-missile-defense-system-proven-capable-against-realistic-icbm-threats-study

International Court of Justice [s. a.]: Legality of the Threat or Use of Nuclear Weapons. Online: https://www.icj-cij.org/en/case/95

International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance (2021): The Global State of Democracy 2021. Stockholm: IDEA. Online: https://doi.org/10.31752/idea.2021.91

KRISTENSEN, Hans – KORDA, Matt (2022): Nuclear Notebook: How Many Nuclear Weapons does the United States Have in 2022? Bulletin of the Atomic Scientist, 10 May, 2022. Online: https://thebulletin.org/premium/2022-05/nuclear-notebook-how-many-nuclear-weapons-does-the-united-states-have-in-2022/

LEWIS, Jeffrey G. – TERTRAIS, Bruno (2019): The Finger on the Button. Monterey, CA: James Martin Center for Nonproliferation Studies. Online: https://nonproliferation.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Finger-on-the-Nuclear-Button.pdf

PANOVIC, Aleksandra (2020): The 15 Most Powerful Weapons in the World. Yahoo! Finance, 23 December, 2020. Online: https://finance.yahoo.com/news/15-most-powerful-weapons-world-164134118.html?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZ29vZ2xlLmNvbS8&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAGrCtTwXT9hjXrTnJfqrI6EODin3HyYmch88G0En23WyhsXvwkjapiEOQGpMofViMeaVldCk38sYheLWjY4XSNGk4X4iz9QiVVrs_9y5kcVJlXeC2FMawUkRCfl0ETxge9yp3xGawka9yNZaZT5HEOkCth7JRnX7N0Gdf31u7REG

POMPER, Miles A. – TUGANOV, Vasilii (2022): What Countries have Nuclear Weapon, and Where are They? The Conversation, 1 April, 2022. Online: https://theconversation.com/what-countries-have-nuclear-weapons-and-where-are-they-180382

SETZER, Joana – WINTER DE CARVALHO, Délton (2021): Climate Litigation to Protect the Brazilian Amazon: Establishing a Constitutional Right to a Stable Climate. Review of European, Comparative Environmental Law, 30(2), 197–206. Online: https://doi.org/10.1111/reel.12409

SIPRI Yearbook 2022. Online: https://www.sipri.org/yearbook/2022

Top 10 Intercontinental Ballistic Missile. Military Today, [s. a.]. Online: www.military-today.com/missiles/top_10_icbms.htm

WIDIGER, Thomas A. ed. (2016): Five-Factor Model and Personality Disorder. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Online: https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199352487.013.4

North Korea Withdraws from Nuclear Treaty. The Guardian, 2003. jaunár 10. Online: https://www.theguardian.com/world/2003/jan/10/northkorea1

Why people rebel? Economic Research Department (2012). Online: https://economics.rabobank.com/contentassets/d978bed7bba64398b63e6696d3a201ed/sp1203esa_why_people_rebel.pdf

VILLACRES, Edward J. – BASSFORD, Christopher (1995): Reclaiming The Clausewitzian Trinity. Parameters, 25(1), 9–19. Online: https://doi.org/10.55540/0031-1723.1730

WALKER DONALDSON, Rebecca (2020): The Risk of Obeying an Unlawful Order. Multibriefs, 29 June, 2020. Online: https://exclusive.multibriefs.com/content/the-risk-of-obeying-an-unlawful-order/civil-government

Letöltések

Letölthető adat még nem áll rendelkezésre.