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Security-conscious behaviour is of paramount importance, both in the field of information security and in various public institutions. Thus, in the public administration, especially in the various armed bodies, the training of personnel in this direction is of strategic importance, as a person with low security awareness can endanger the security of the entire organisation. Human security issues may even have national security or intelligence relevance.

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Ghiji, Mohammadmahdi – Vasily Novozhilov – Khalid Moinuddin – Paul Joseph – Ian Burch – Brigitta Suendermann – Grant Gamble: A Review of Lithium-Ion Battery Fire Suppression. Energies, 13, no. 19 (2020). Online: https://doi.org/10.3390/en13195117 Grant, Casey C.: Fire Fighter Safety and Emergency Response for Solar Power Systems. The Fire Protection Research Foundation, May 2020. Online: https://www.solsmart.org/wp-content/uploads/FPRF_FireFitherSafety.pdf Grimwood, Paul: Euro Firefighter 2. Firefighting Tactics and Fire Engineer’s Handbook. Jeremy Mills Publishing, 2017. Grimwood, Paul: Structural Fire Engineering: Realistic ‘Travelling Fires’ in Large Office Compartments. Technical Perspectives. International Fire Professional, no. 25 (2018). 44–44. Igaz-Danszky, Tamás – József Hesz: Development of Operation Control at Hungarian Disaster Management. In László Bodnár – György Heizler (eds.): Proceedings of the Fire Engineering and Disaster Management Prerecorded International Scientific Conference. Budapest, Védelem Tudomány, 2021. 483. Kanyó, Ferenc – Ildikó Vásárhelyi-Nagy: Research for New Physical Ability Testing Method for Firefighters in the V4 Countries. Műszaki Katonai Közlöny, 29, no. 1 (2019). 161–166. Online: https://doi.org/10.32562/mkk.2019.1.13 Kuti, Rajmund – Géza Zólyomi – Orsolya K. Kegyes-Brassai: Assessing the Impact of Positive Pressure Ventilation on the Building Fire – A Case Study. International Journal of Geomate, 15, no. 48 (2018). 16–21. Online: https://doi.org/10.21660/2018.48.18042 Namikawa, Shohei: Photovoltaics and Firefighters’ Operations: Best Practices in Selected Countries. 2017. Online: https://doi.org/10.2172/1492000 Pántya, Péter – József Kersák: Technical Development Opportunity in the Field of Practical Training in Rescue Fire Protection. Védelem Tudomány, 6, no. 3 (2021). 224–233. Online: https://www.vedelemtudomany.hu/articles/VI/3/16-kersak-pantya.pdf Pántya, Péter – Péter Tomka: Identifying Firefighters and Vehicles on the Fire Ground. In László Bodnár – György Heizler (eds.): Proceedings of the Fire Engineering and Disaster Management Prerecorded International Scientific Conference. Budapest, Védelem Tudomány, 2021. 487. Pántya, Péter: A katasztrófavédelem beavatkozó hatékonyságának fejlesztése a tűzoltósági területen. Hadmérnök, 13, “KÖFOP” Issue (2018). 109–144. Pántya, Péter: Fire, Rescue, Disaster Management. Experiences from Different Countries. AARMS, 17, no. 2 (2018). 77–94. Online: https://doi.org/10.32565/aarms.2018.2.6 Pimper, László: Dry Powder-Foam Dual Agent Firefighting: If the Throw Range of Dry Powder Is too Short. In Ipari Létesítményi Tűzoltóságok 8. Nemzetközi Konferenciája. Százhalombatta, FER Tűzoltóság és Szolgáltató Kft., 2015. 1–11. Szalai, Mónika – Zsuzsanna Kerekes – Ágoston Restás: Danger of Dust Explosion and Importance of Testing for Explosive Dusts. In László Bodnár – György Heizler (eds.): Proceedings of the Fire Engineering and Disaster Management Prerecorded International Scientific Conference. Budapest, Védelem Tudomány, 2021. 134–142. Varga, Ferenc: Structural and Operational Model for Volunteer Fire Brigades. Hadmérnök, 13, no. 2 (2018). 345–359. Zwęgliński, Tomasz – Chris Arculeo: Risk Management as a Tool of the Civil Emergency Planning in the United Kingdom – Comparison with the Polish Approach. Internal Security, 12, no. 2 (2020). 55–82. Online: https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.6675" ["copyrightYear"]=> int(2022) ["issueId"]=> int(491) ["licenseUrl"]=> string(49) "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" ["pages"]=> string(5) "15-40" ["pub-id::doi"]=> string(23) "10.32565/aarms.2022.2.2" ["abstract"]=> array(1) { ["en_US"]=> string(788) "

All over the world, different countries protect themselves, and their citizens from the effects of fires and accidents with the help of their fire and disaster management services. While executing firefighting or technical rescue and disaster relief tasks, these services use  several methods and technical solutions during intervention. The aim is to find the best practices and solutions in the field of technical  equipment, organisation and method. The applied methods are the analysis of international publications, papers from the previous years and the author’s own domestic and international experiences. The good solutions found in this research that raise the  effectiveness and the safety of the fire services (especially in Hungary) are demonstrated in this paper.

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Fort Leavenworth, U.S. Army Command and General Staff College, 2018. Butcher, James – Irakli Beridze: What is the State of Artificial Intelligence Governance Globally? The RUSI Journal, 164, no. 5–6 (2019). 88–96. Online: https://doi.org/10.1080/03071847.2019.1694260 Clark, Bryan – Daniel Patt – Harrison Schramm: Mosaic Warfare: Exploiting Artificial Intelligence and Autonomous Systems to Implement Decision-Centric Operations. Washington, Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments, 2020. Department of the Army: FM 6-0 Commander and Staff Organization and Operations. 2014. Farrell, Theo – Sten Rynning – Terry Terriff: Transforming Military Power since the Cold War. New York, Cambridge University Press, 2013. Online: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107360143 Hoadley, Daniel S. – Kelley M. Sayler: Artificial Intelligence and National Security. Washington, Congressional Research Service, 2020. Irani, Geoffrey B. – James P. Chirst: Image Processing for Tomahawk Scene Matching. Johns Hopkins APL Technical Digest, 15, no. 3 (1994). 250–264. Kania, Elsa B.: Chinese Military Innovation in the AI Revolution. The RUSI Journal, 164, no. 5–6 (2019). 26–34. Online: https://doi.org/10.1080/03071847.2019.1693803 Layton, Peter: Fighting Artificial Intelligence Battles. Canberra, Australian Defence College, 2021. Online: https://doi.org/10.51174/JPS.004 Lingel, Sherrill – Jeff Hagen – Eric Hastings – Mary Lee – Matthew Sargent – Matthew Walsh – Li Ang Zhang – David Blancett: Joint All-Domain Command and Control for Modern Warfare. Santa Monica, RAND Corporation, 2020. McDermott, Roger N. – Charles K. Bartles: The Russian Military Decision-Making Process and Automated Command and Control. Hamburg, German Institute for Defence and Strategic Studies, 2020. Morgan, Forrest E. – Benjamin Boudreaux – Andrew J. Lohn – Mark Ashby – Christian Curriden – Kelly Klima – Derek Grossman: Military Applications of Artificial Intelligence. Santa Monica, RAND Corporation, 2020. Online: https://doi.org/10.7249/RR3139-1 NATO Standardization Office: AJP-5 Allied Joint Doctrine for the Planning of Operations, Edition A, Version 2. 2019a. NATO Standardization Office: APP-28 Tactical Planning for Land Forces, Edition A, Version 1. 2019b. NATO Standardization Office: AAP-06 NATO Glossary of Terms and Definitions (English and French) Edition 2021. Négyesi, Imre: A csapatvezetési rendszerek automatizálásának első eredményei az USA fegyveres erőinél I. Hadtudomány, E-szám (2015). 139–151. Online: https://doi.org/10.17047/HADTUD.2015.25.E.139 Négyesi, Imre: A mesterséges intelligencia katonai felhasználásának társadalmi kérdései. Honvédségi Szemle, 149, no. 1 (2021). 133–144. Online: https://doi.org/10.35926/HSZ.2021.1.10 Négyesi, Imre – Péter Török: The Relationship between Human Intelligence and Artificial Intelligence I. American Journal of Research, Education and Development, no. 2 (2020). 7–10. Nilsson, Nils J.: The Quest for Artificial Intelligence. New York, Cambridge University Press, 2010. Pentagon: DoD Memorandum. 2017. Powell, Gerald M. – Gary Loberg – Harlan H. Black – Martin L. Gronberg: Artificial Intelligence and Operational Planning. Army Research, Development and Acquisition Magazine, 28, no. 1 (1987). 27–29. Pretz, Kathy: Stop Calling Everything AI, Machine-Learning Pioneer Says. IEEE Spectrum, 31 March 2021. Online: https://spectrum.ieee.org/stop-calling-everything-ai-machinelearning-pioneer-says Russel, Stuart – Peter Norvig: Artificial Intelligence. Englewood Cliffs, Prentice Hall, 1995. Savage, Neil: The Race to the Top among the World’s Leaders in Artificial Intelligence. Nature, 10 December 2020. S102–S104. Online: https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-020-03409-8 Stanley, Elizabeth A.: Evolutionary Technology in the Current Revolution in Military Affairs: The Army Tactical Command and Control System. Carlisle, Strategic Studies Institute, 1998. 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The military operations planning is one of the major functions of military staffs. The increasing complexity of the contemporary operating environment requires new approach to the understanding of the situation and realisation of a viable plan. The aim of this paper is to scrutinise the potential usage of future Artificial Intelligence tools in the process of military operations planning. The main question is whether Artificial Intelligence in its current state can be applied in military operations planning. To answer this question the paper provides a short overview of military operations planning, a summary of military-related Artificial Intelligence research and existing solutions, then identify criteria and field of application for future Artificial Intelligence-driven tools. Analysing the topic gives some insight into this possible way of increasing the effectiveness of the planning groups, thus contributes to finding more effective solutions for emerging complex and comprehensive problems.

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Online: https://budapestlngsummit.hu/2019/download/Barbara-Doric_LNG-Croatia.pdf Council of the European Union: Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council on Guidelines for Trans-European Energy Infrastructure and Repealing Regulation (EU) No 347/2013 – Analysis of the Final Compromise Text with a view to Agreement. 17 December 2021. Online: https://data.consilium.europa.eu/doc/document/ST-15036-2021-INIT/en/pdf Embassy of Hungary Washington: Another Energy Diversification Milestone Reached by Hungary. Embassy of Hungary Washington, 16 June 2021. Online: https://washington.mfa.gov.hu/eng/news/another-energy-diversification-milestone-reached-by-hungary European Commission: European Energy Security Strategy. 28 April 2014. Online: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:52014DC0330 European Commission: The European Green Deal in a Nutshell. 11 December 2019a. Online: https://ec.europa.eu/info/publications/factsheets-european-green-deal_en European Commission: State Aid: Commission Approves Public Support for Croatian LNG Terminal at Krk Island. 31 July 2019b. Online: https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/da/ip_19_4910 European Commission: Connecting Europe Facility (CEF) – Energy Grants. Croatia. Key Facts and Figures. June 2019c. Online: https://ec.europa.eu/inea/sites/default/files/cefpub/cef_energy_factsheet_hr.pdf European Commission: Key Cross Border Infrastructure Projects. 2020. Online: https://ec.europa.eu/energy/topics/infrastructure/projects-common-interest/key-cross-border-infrastructure-projects_en European Commission: Report on European Gas Market 2020 Q4. 2021a. Online: https://ec.europa.eu/energy/sites/default/files/quarterly_report_on_european_gas_markets_q4_2020_final.pdf European Commission: Report on European Gas Market 2021 Q1. 2021b. Online: https://energy.ec.europa.eu/system/files/2021-07/quarterly_report_on_european_gas_markets_q1_2021_final_0.pdf European Commission: Report on European Gas Market 2021 Q2. 2021c. Online: https://energy.ec.europa.eu/system/files/2021-10/quarterly_report_on_european_gas_markets_q2_2021_final.pdf European Commission: Questions and Answers on the Fifth List of Energy Projects of Common Interest (PCIs). 19 November 2021d. Online: https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/qanda_21_6093 European Commission: Annex to Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) …/… Amending Regulation (EU) No 347/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council as Regards the Union List of Projects of Common Interest. 19 November 2021e. Online: https://ec.europa.eu/energy/sites/default/files/fifth_pci_list_19_november_2021_annex.pdf European Commission: Commission Proposes New List of Projects of Common Interest for a More Integrated and Resilient Energy Market. 19 November 2021f. Online: https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/ip_21_6094 European Commission: First Croatian LNG Terminal Officially Inaugurated in Krk Island. 29 January 2021g. Online: https://cinea.ec.europa.eu/news-events/news/first-croatian-lng-terminal-officially-inaugurated-krk-island-2021-01-29_ro European Commission: Report on European Gas Market 2021 Q3. 2022a. Online: https://energy.ec.europa.eu/system/files/2022-01/Quarterly%20report%20on%20European%20gas%20markets%20Q3_2021_FINAL.pdf European Commission: Report on European Gas Market 2021 Q4. 2022b. Online: https://energy.ec.europa.eu/system/files/2022-04/Quarterly%20report%20on%20European%20gas%20markets_Q4%202021.pdf Excelerate Energy: LNG Would Bring Reliability and Diversity to Albania’s Power Supply Portfolio and the Balkans. Excelerate Energy, 12 March 2021. Online: https://excelerateenergy.com/news/excelerate-energy-exxonmobil-and-the-republic-of-albania-agree-to-lng-terminal-study/ Frančić, Vlado – Josip Orović – Lovro Maglić – Donatan Balog – Leo Giačić – Mario Vukelić: Maritime Study LNG FSRU Krk. University of Rijeka, 2017. Online: https://lng.hr/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/Maritime-study-lng-terminal-v.15-eng_with_Decision.pdf Gas Strategies: Balkan Focus: Croatia, Bulgaria and Albania Bank on LNG Import Solutions. Gas Strategies, 14 October 2021. Online: https://gasstrategies.com/information-services/lng-business-review/balkan-focus-croatia-bulgaria-and-albania-bank-lng-import INEA: Third State of the Energy Union: EU Is on Track to Implement the Energy Union and Deliver Jobs, Growth and Investments. INEA, 24 November 2017. Online: https://ec.europa.eu/inea/en/news-events/newsroom/third-state-energy-union-eu-track-to-implement-energy-union-and-deliver-jobs Kecse, Zsuzsanna Réka: A cseppfolyós földgáz, azaz az LNG szerepe Európában. International Relations Quarterly, 1, no. 4 (2010). Online: https://www.southeast-europe.org/pdf/04/DKE_04_M_KECSE_LNG.pdf Lazarovitch, Ronen – Adam Quigley: LNG: Regions on the Rise. Bracewell, 03 February 2022. Online: https://bracewell.com/insights/lng-regions-rise Li, Jianhua – Zhenghua Huang: Fire and Explosion Risk Analysis and Evaluation for LNG Ships. Procedia Engineering, 45 (2012). 70–76. Online: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2012.08.123 LNG Croatia Llc: LNG Terminal Krk in Croatia. LNG Croatia Llc, June 2021. Online: https://www.lng.hr/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/LNG-terminal-Krk_presentation_Open-Season.pdf Maček, Sebastijan R.: Slovenia and Croatia Plan Closer Nuclear, Gas Ties. Euractive, 30 March 2022. Online: https://www.euractiv.com/section/politics/short_news/slovenia-and-croatia-plan-closer-nuclear-gas-ties/ Murphy-Cannella, Danielle – Eikens, Magnus: Jettyless Terminals: Accelerating Alternative LNG Import to Europe. Econnectenergy, 08 March 2022. Online: https://www.econnectenergy.com/articles/jettyless-terminals-accelerating-alternative-lng-import-to-europe Patricolo, Claudia: First LNG Carrier Arrives at Krk. Ceenergy News, 01 January 2021. Online: https://ceenergynews.com/lng/first-lng-carrier-arrives-at-krk/ Pavlova, Iskra: MFGK Croatia Books 6.8 bcm Capacities at Krk LNG Terminal until 2027. SeeNews, 08 June 2020. Online: https://seenews.com/news/mfgk-croatia-books-68-bcm-capacities-at-krk-lng-terminal-until-2027-701776 Pekic, Sanja: Croatia’s LNG Terminal Receives Its 10th Cargo. Offshore Energy, 27 July 2021. Online: https://www.offshore-energy.biz/croatias-lng-terminal-receives-its-10th-cargo/ Pekic, Sanja: FSRU LNG Croatia Receives 16th Cargo and 1st One from Egypt. Offshore Energy, 12 November 2021. Online: https://www.offshore-energy.biz/fsru-lng-croatia-receives-16th-cargo-and-1st-one-from-egypt/ Pernice, Davide – Frédéric Gouardères: Financing the Trans-European Networks. European Parliament, December 2021. Online: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/ftu/pdf/en/FTU_3.5.2.pdf Portfolio: Szijjártó elárulta, Magyarország és Szlovénia összekötné gázvezeték-hálózatát. MTI, 02 February 2019. Online: https://www.portfolio.hu/vallalatok/energia/szijjarto-elarulta-magyarorszag-es-szlovenia-osszekotne-gazvezetek-halozatat.312711.html Serbia Energy: Hungary and LNG Terminal in Croatia. Serbia Energy News, 12 June 2020. Online: https://serbia-energy.eu/hungary-and-lng-terminal-in-croatia/ Somogyi, Orsolya: Csúcsra jár a Krk terminál. Magyar Nemzet, 01 October 2021. Online: https://magyarnemzet.hu/gazdasag/2021/10/csucsra-jar-a-krk-terminal Szőke, Evelin: Hungary’s FM: Krk LNG Terminal Creates a New Situation for Energy Security in CEE. Ceenergy News, 29 January 2021. Online: https://ceenergynews.com/lng/hungarys-fm-krk-lng-terminal-creates-a-new-situation-for-energy-security-in-cee/ Szőke, Evelin: Rewriting the Regional Gas Market: The Future of the Krk Terminal. Ceenergy News, 18 June 2021. Online: https://ceenergynews.com/oil-gas/rewriting-the-regional-gas-market-the-future-of-the-krk-terminal/ Takácsné, Tóth Borbála: Közös érdekű energetikai infrastruktúra-fejlesztési projektek az Energia Közösségben. Jelentés az energiapiacokról, 13, no. 3 (2013). 9–12. Online: https://rekk.hu/downloads/publications/rekk_jelentes_2013_3.pdf#page=9 The National Law Review: LNG in Europe 2021: Current Trends, the European LNG Landscape and Country Focus. The National Law Review, 12, no. 152 (2021). Online: https://www.natlawreview.com/article/lng-europe-2021-current-trends-european-lng-landscape-and-country-focus Todorov, Svetoslav: Bulgaria Buys Share of Greek Gas Terminal. BalkanInshight, 10 January 2020. Online: https://balkaninsight.com/2020/01/10/bulgaria-takes-role-in-greek-gas-terminal/ Világgazdaság: Egyre nagyobb a háború okozta árnyomás a gáz és az áram piacán. Világgazdaság, 12 June 2022. 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The PCI project in Krk was significant – since it was on a number of strategic priority lists for Croatia and the EU. The projections identified target markets for Croatian LNG in 8 countries, with an estimated combined annual gas demand of 37 billion cubic metres. The terminal on Krk was commissioned in January 2021 and has since been operating as a floating offshore storage and regasification facility. The gas taken up and regasified is fed into the Croatian national transmission network, which is interconnected with Hungary and other EU and non-EU member states. In the year of commissioning, a new complementary service was already added to the package of capabilities of the terminal, which allows for small-scale natural gas refuelling. The terminal has a number of positive benefits beyond the obvious improvement of the regional security of supply. These include the efficient integration of the North-South Gas Corridor into the regional gas market and the enhancement of market opportunities for Central and Southeast European operators and the competitiveness of the region. The aim of this presentation is to assess the one-year operation of the terminal in terms of gas supply and to present the energy future of the region.

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Charrad: Introduction: Advancing Women’s Rights in the Arab World. In Women Rising. In and Beyond the Arab Spring. New York, New York University Press, 2020. 1–11. Online: https://doi.org/10.18574/nyu/9781479846641.003.0001 Tessler, Mark A. – Mary E. Keppel: Political Generations. In Russell A. Stone – John Simmons (eds.): Change in Tunisia. Studies in the Social Sciences. Albany, State University of New York Press, 1976. 73–106. Tickner, Ann J.: Gender in International Relations. Feminist Perspectives on Achieving Global Security. New York, Columbia University Press, 1992. UNDP: Human Development Reports, Gender Inequality Index (GII). s. a. Online: https://hdr.undp.org/data-center/thematic-composite-indices/gender-inequality-index?c_src=CENTRAL&c_src2=GSR&gclid=CjwKCAjw14uVBhBEEiwAaufYx_xiZbizb8DZggUWzIlm4_5yw5yeTGUaOJ8Dp48akt0UdpD5DyOqIRoCo6YQAvD_BwE&utm_source=EN&utm_medium=GSR&utm_content=US_UNDP_PaidSearch_Brand_English&utm_campaign=CENTRAL#/indicies/GII Union Nationale de la Femme Tunisienne [UNFT, National Union of Tunisian Women]. Online: https://www.unft.org.tn/fr/page-daccueil UN Women: Tunisian Women in the Face of Covid-19: During and after Confinement. 2020. Online: https://arabstates.unwomen.org/en/digital-library/publications/2020/07/policy-brief-tunisian-women-in-the-face-of-covid19 Waylen, Georgina: Engendering Transitions. Women’s Mobilization, Institutions, and Gender Outcomes. Oxford – New York, Oxford University Press, 2007. Online: https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199248032.001.0001 Waylen, Georgina: Women and Democratization: Conceptualizing Gender Relations in Transition Politics. World Politics, 46, no. 3 (1994). 327–354. Online: https://doi.org/10.2307/2950685 The World Bank: The Unfinished Revolution. Bringing Opportunity, Good Jobs and Greater Wealth to All Tunisians. Development Policy Review on Socioeconomic Conditions in Tunisia Following the 2011 Revolution (2014). Online: https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/tunisia/publication/unfinished-revolution Zaki, Hind Ahmed: Why Did Women’s Rights Expand in Post-Revolutionary Tunisia? Middle East Brief. Crown Center for Middle East Studies, 131 (2019). 1–7. Online: https://www.brandeis.edu/crown/publications/middle-east-briefs/pdfs/101-200/meb131.pdf" ["copyrightYear"]=> int(2022) ["issueId"]=> int(491) ["licenseUrl"]=> string(49) "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" ["pages"]=> string(5) "69-85" ["pub-id::doi"]=> string(23) "10.32565/aarms.2022.2.5" ["abstract"]=> array(1) { ["en_US"]=> string(1517) "

The significant role of women in all fields of the Tunisian society has been decisive since the country’s struggle for independence from the colonial power, France, and during the state-building process of the post-colonial period. Furthermore, the events of and after the Arab Spring brought about a more active role for women’s rights activists, which resulted in a widespread debate on gender equality. However, despite the efforts of the Tunisian Government to ensure protection against the discrimination of women, the growing socioeconomic crisis, amplified by the consequences of the Covid-19 pandemic, brought to the surface the difficulties of vulnerable groups, including women. Women engaged in rural activities were more at risk of facing deteriorating circumstances. In this context, the current study examines the relationship between the process of democratisation and the role women can play in the shaping of the political field and vice versa. In addition to applying statistical indicators, the article verifies the main theses of the research in the empirical part due to the incorporation of qualitative data collected from interviews conducted with five representatives/activists of local Tunisian NGOs. Although international relations themselves remain strongly gendered, the mobilisation of women’s rights activists can contribute to overwriting traditional masculine and feminine roles in public versus private spheres, and thus can result in a more gender-friendly environment.

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object(Publication)#737 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(28) { ["id"]=> int(6445) ["accessStatus"]=> int(0) ["datePublished"]=> string(10) "2022-11-30" ["lastModified"]=> string(19) "2022-11-30 11:49:05" ["primaryContactId"]=> int(7946) ["sectionId"]=> int(5) ["seq"]=> int(6) ["submissionId"]=> int(6321) ["status"]=> int(3) ["version"]=> int(1) ["categoryIds"]=> array(0) { } ["citationsRaw"]=> string(2403) "American Rhetoric: Lyndon Baines Johnson, First State of the Union Address. 08 January 1964. Online: https://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/lbj1964stateoftheunion.htm Berman, Larry: Planning a Tragedy. The Americanization of the War in Vietnam. New York, Norton, 1982. Boda, József – Gábor Boldizsár – László Kovács – Zoltán Orosz – József Padányi – István Resperger – Zoltán Szenes: Fókusz és együttműködés. A hadtudomány kutatási feladatai. Honvédségi Szemle, 144, no. 3 (2016). 3–19. Clodfelter, Mark: The Limits of Airpower or the Limits of Strategy. Joint Forces Quarterly, 78 (2015). 111–124. Daddis, Gregory A.: American Military Strategy in the Vietnam War, 1965–1973. In Jon Butler (ed.): Oxford Research Encyclopedias. American History. New York, Oxford University Press, 2014. Forgács, Balázs: Mao and Giap on Partisan Warfare. AARMS, 18, no. 2 (2019). 31–38. Online: https://doi.org/10.32565/aarms.2019.2.3 Gelb, Leslie H. – Richard K. Betts: The Irony of Vietnam. The System Worked. Washington, D.C., Brookings Institution Press, 2016. Hunt, Michael H.: Lyndon Johnson’s War. America’s Cold War Crusade in Vietnam, 1945–1968. New York, Hill & Wang, 1996. Kearns, Doris: Lyndon Johnson and the American Dream. New York, Harper and Row, 1976. Kort, Michael G.: The Vietnam War Reexamined. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2017. Online: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781107110199 Leuchtenburg, William E.: The American President. From Teddy Roosevelt to Bill Clinton. New York – Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2015. Mersky, Peter B. – Norman Polmar: The Naval Air War in Vietnam. Annapolis, MD, Nautical and Aviation Publishing Company of America, 1981. Padányi, József: A hadtudomány örök érvényű törvényei a vezetésről. In Éva Margit Kovács (ed.): Ünnepi kötet a 65 éves Imre Miklós tiszteletére. Budapest, Ludovika Egyetemi Kiadó, 2020. Shapiro, Robert Y. – Martha Joynt Kumar – Lawrence R. Jacobs: Presidential Power. Forging the Presidency for the Twenty-First Century. New York, Columbia University Press, 2000. Online: https://doi.org/10.7312/shap10932 Swanson, Michael: Why The Vietnam War? Nuclear Bombs and Nation Building in Southeast Asia, 1945–1961. Danville, Virginia, Campania Partners LLC, 2021. Weaver, Michael E.: The Air War in Vietnam. Lubbock, Texas, Texas Tech University Press, 2022." ["copyrightYear"]=> int(2022) ["issueId"]=> int(491) ["licenseUrl"]=> string(49) "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" ["pages"]=> string(5) "87-97" ["pub-id::doi"]=> string(23) "10.32565/aarms.2022.2.6" ["abstract"]=> array(1) { ["en_US"]=> string(827) "

The name of Lyndon Baines Johnson, 36th President of the United States, has practically been tied together with the Vietnam War, which raged on during the entirety of his presidency. The Johnson Presidency could have been remembered after the numerous and admirable domestic policy steps he took, yet it is Vietnam, which overshadows his historical legacy. Both the Gulf of Tonkin Incident and the longest campaign of the Vietnam War, Operation Rolling Thunder took place during his terms in office. This latter was harshly criticised by his peers, especially from military leadership circles, thus it is worth re-examining this period of the war using now publicly available sources. This article aims to examine how President Johnson and his inner circle of advisors made their decisions during the period in question.

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Open innovation enables the circulation of knowledge among businesses in an innovation ecosystem and facilitates the innovation processes. However, there are many businesses operating in the innovation ecosystem in Kosovo that are not yet familiar with the mechanism of innovative linkages consequently they cannot benefit from it. Therefore, the present study tried to provide a clear picture of how to implement open innovation and its requirements and ultimately the benefits of implementing innovation for them by studying the case study of two large and successful companies in implementing open innovation in Kosovo. Findings disclosed investing in research and development is the source of innovation. Innovation is manifested in three categories of technological innovation, market innovation, and product innovation. Findings revealed that companies are required new equipment and skilled workforces to successfully implement innovation. Innovation in organizations results in improving their position in global markets as well as financial benefits.

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