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In the focus: NATO Alliance Ground Surveillance System
NATO plans to acquire an Alliance Ground Surveillance (AGS) system that will give commanders a comprehensive picture of the situation on the ground. NATO’s operations in Kosovo, Afghanistan and Libya showed how important such a capability is. A group of Allies intends to acquire five unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and their associated command and control base stations. NATO will then operate and maintain them on behalf of all 28 Allies. At the May 2012 NATO Chicago Summit there were several important topics discussed. The broader public learned the Smart Defence and Alliance Ground Sur- veillance System (AGS) expressions as frequently repeated issues in the politico– military environment. This paper shall highlight the AGS’s necessity, to be set up as a Joint NATO capability giving historical background as well as creating a state of the art Intelligence, Surveillance, Target Aquisition and Reconnaissance (ISTAR) solution for the Alliance.
" ["hu_HU"]=> string(964) "NATO plans to acquire an Alliance Ground Surveillance (AGS) system that will give commanders a comprehensive picture of the situation on the ground. NATO’s operations in Kosovo, Afghanistan and Libya showed how important such a capability is. A group of Allies intends to acquire five unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and their associated command and control base stations. NATO will then operate and maintain them on behalf of all 28 Allies.
At the May 2012 NATO Chicago Summit there were several important topics discussed. The broader public learned the Smart Defence and Alliance Ground Surveillance System (AGS) expressions as frequently repeated issues in the politicomilitary environment. This paper shall highlight the AGS’s necessity, to be set up as a Joint NATO capability giving historical background as well as creating a state of the art Intelligence, Surveillance, Target Aquisition and Reconnaissance (ISTAR) solution for the Alliance.
Tools for Analysing Military Tactics based on Bézier Surface Pattern Recognition
There are many factors which affect a military unit’s success in a battle exercise. Some of these factors could be regarded as tactical and others as human factors. Some of them can be measured with numerical values while others are difficult to quantify. Nevertheless, they all affect the success of the battle exercise. This paper describes how to develop and utilize a method based on Bézier surface pattern recognition, which could be used for the overall military tactical analysis of a company’s attack. This paper also explains how this method could be applied to an integrated analysis of the most important tactical factors affecting the success and task fulfilment of an attack together with the leader’s decision–making and his or her tactical solutions.
" ["hu_HU"]=> string(781) "There are many factors which affect a military unit’s success in a battle exercise. Some of these factors could be regarded as tactical and others as human factors. Some of them can be measured with numerical values while others are difficult to quantify. Nevertheless, they all affect the success of the battle exercise. This paper describes how to develop and utilize a method based on Bézier surface pattern recognition, which could be used for the overall military tactical analysis of a company’s attack. This paper also explains how this method could be applied to an integrated analysis of the most important tactical factors affecting the success and task fulfilment of an attack together with the leader’s decision–making and his or her tactical solutions.
" } ["copyrightHolder"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["title"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(81) "Tools for Analysing Military Tactics based on Bézier Surface Pattern Recognition" ["hu_HU"]=> string(81) "Tools for Analysing Military Tactics Based on Bézier Surface Pattern Recognition" } ["locale"]=> string(5) "en_US" ["authors"]=> array(2) { [0]=> object(Author)#741 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(2966) ["email"]=> string(19) "noreply@ludovika.hu" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(2653) ["seq"]=> int(1) ["userGroupId"]=> int(82) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(0) "" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(8) "Sormunen" ["hu_HU"]=> string(8) "Sormunen" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(4) "Jari" ["hu_HU"]=> string(4) "Jari" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "en_US" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } [1]=> object(Author)#718 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(2968) ["email"]=> string(22) "harri.eskelinen@lut.fi" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(2653) ["seq"]=> int(1) ["userGroupId"]=> int(82) ["country"]=> string(2) "FI" ["orcid"]=> string(0) "" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(9) "Eskelinen" ["hu_HU"]=> string(9) "Eskelinen" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(5) "Harri" ["hu_HU"]=> string(5) "Harri" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "en_US" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } ["keywords"]=> array(2) { ["hu_HU"]=> array(5) { [0]=> string(16) "Military tactics" [1]=> string(15) "decision-making" [2]=> string(7) "company" [3]=> string(15) "attack exercise" [4]=> string(15) "Bézier surface" } ["en_US"]=> array(5) { [0]=> string(16) "Military tactics" [1]=> string(15) "decision-making" [2]=> string(7) "company" [3]=> string(15) "attack exercise" [4]=> string(15) "Bézier surface" } } ["subjects"]=> array(0) { } ["disciplines"]=> array(0) { } ["languages"]=> array(0) { } ["supportingAgencies"]=> array(0) { } ["galleys"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(ArticleGalley)#761 (7) { ["_submissionFile"]=> NULL ["_data"]=> array(9) { ["submissionFileId"]=> int(20346) ["id"]=> int(4696) ["isApproved"]=> bool(false) ["locale"]=> string(5) "en_US" ["label"]=> string(3) "PDF" ["publicationId"]=> int(2653) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["urlPath"]=> string(0) "" ["urlRemote"]=> string(0) "" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(true) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) }The Effect of Specific Environmental Features on the Activities of the Hungarian Defence Forces in Afghanistan
The environment ― primarily the weather and the terrain ― always has consid- erable impact on the success of military operations. We have numerous examples in military history when the extreme environment and the hostile weather rendered the implementation of the military leader’s plans difficult or even prevented them. These days when the consequences of climate change play an increasing role in our everyday lives we have to pay special attention to the utilization of the experience gained in our missions. The soldiers of the Hungarian Defence Forces are among the first to meet climatic extremities, considerable temperature fluctuations and diseases unknown so far. This attention is made even more important by the fact that our presence extends from Africa to Asia, thus facing extreme circumstances is inevitable. Concurrently we also have to prepare ourselves for the extremely warm or cold weather in our own country. Both the preparation of our soldiers, their clothing and assets, and our operational procedures have to be thought over. This is the only way to enable our soldiers to concentrate solely on their duties thereby increasing their efficiency and safety. We will review below the practical experi- ence gained by our soldiers in the operations in Afghanistan.
" ["hu_HU"]=> string(1296) "The environment ― primarily the weather and the terrain ― always has considerable impact on the success of military operations. We have numerous examples in military history when the extreme environment and the hostile weather rendered the implementation of the military leader’s plans difficult or even prevented them. These days when the consequences of climate change play an increasing role in our everyday lives we have to pay special attention to the utilization of the experience gained in our missions. The soldiers of the Hungarian Defence Forces are among the first to meet climatic extremities, considerable temperature fluctuations and diseases unknown so far. This attention is made even more important by the fact that our presence extends from Africa to Asia, thus facing extreme circumstances is inevitable. Concurrently we also have to prepare ourselves for the extremely warm or cold weather in our own country. Both the preparation of our soldiers, their clothing and assets, and our operational procedures have to be thought over. This is the only way to enable our soldiers to concentrate solely on their duties thereby increasing their efficiency and safety. We will review below the practical experience gained by our soldiers in the operations in Afghanistan.
" } ["copyrightHolder"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["title"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(110) "The Effect of Specific Environmental Features on the Activities of the Hungarian Defence Forces in Afghanistan" ["hu_HU"]=> string(110) "The Effect of Specific Environmental Features on the Activities of the Hungarian Defence Forces in Afghanistan" } ["locale"]=> string(5) "en_US" ["authors"]=> array(2) { [0]=> object(Author)#743 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(2971) ["email"]=> string(17) "lippaip@gmail.com" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(2658) ["seq"]=> int(2) ["userGroupId"]=> int(82) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(0) "" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(6) "Lippai" ["hu_HU"]=> string(6) "Lippai" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(6) "Péter" ["hu_HU"]=> string(6) "Péter" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "en_US" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } [1]=> object(Author)#765 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(2972) ["email"]=> string(25) "padanyi.jozsef@uni-nke.hu" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(2658) ["seq"]=> int(2) ["userGroupId"]=> int(82) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(0) "" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(8) "Padányi" ["hu_HU"]=> string(8) "Padányi" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(7) "József" ["hu_HU"]=> string(7) "József" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "en_US" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } ["keywords"]=> array(2) { ["hu_HU"]=> array(3) { [0]=> string(24) "Hungarian Defence Forces" [1]=> string(11) "Afghanistan" [2]=> string(22) "environmental features" } ["en_US"]=> array(3) { [0]=> string(24) "Hungarian Defence Forces" [1]=> string(11) "Afghanistan" [2]=> string(22) "environmental features" } } ["subjects"]=> array(0) { } ["disciplines"]=> array(0) { } ["languages"]=> array(0) { } ["supportingAgencies"]=> array(0) { } ["galleys"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(ArticleGalley)#767 (7) { ["_submissionFile"]=> NULL ["_data"]=> array(9) { ["submissionFileId"]=> int(20347) ["id"]=> int(4697) ["isApproved"]=> bool(false) ["locale"]=> string(5) "en_US" ["label"]=> string(3) "PDF" ["publicationId"]=> int(2658) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["urlPath"]=> string(0) "" ["urlRemote"]=> string(0) "" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(true) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) }Convergence Study of 1–D CFD Cell Size for Shockwave Parameters Using Autodyn Hydrocode
The use of CFD codes has become widespread to solve the shockwave propagation problem, as they are able to successfully model explosions. Using the structured grid spherically and cylindrical charges cannot be modelled in 3D, thus remapping techniques have been developed to map spherical shockwaves from 1D to 2D and then to 3D. This method highlights the importance of the accuracy of the 1D model, which is mainly dependent on the mesh size. This study aims at finding the required division ratio for the calculation domain.
" ["hu_HU"]=> string(534) "The use of CFD codes has become widespread to solve the shockwave propagation problem, as they are able to successfully model explosions. Using the structured grid spherically and cylindrical charges cannot be modelled in 3D, thus remapping techniques have been developed to map spherical shockwaves from 1D to 2D and then to 3D. This method highlights the importance of the accuracy of the 1D model, which is mainly dependent on the mesh size. This study aims at finding the required division ratio for the calculation domain.
" } ["copyrightHolder"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["title"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(89) "Convergence Study of 1–D CFD Cell Size for Shockwave Parameters Using Autodyn Hydrocode" ["hu_HU"]=> string(90) "Convergence Study of 1–D CFD1 Cell Size for Shockwave Parameters Using Autodyn Hydrocode" } ["prefix"]=> array(1) { ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["subtitle"]=> array(1) { ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["locale"]=> string(5) "en_US" ["authors"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(Author)#763 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(3041) ["email"]=> string(21) "zsolt.roman@ymail.com" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(2718) ["seq"]=> int(3) ["userGroupId"]=> int(82) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(0) "" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(6) "Román" ["hu_HU"]=> string(6) "Román" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(5) "Zsolt" ["hu_HU"]=> string(5) "Zsolt" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "en_US" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } ["keywords"]=> array(2) { ["hu_HU"]=> array(3) { [0]=> string(9) "CFD codes" [1]=> string(14) "1–D CFD cell" [2]=> string(19) "modeling explosions" } ["en_US"]=> array(3) { [0]=> string(9) "CFD codes" [1]=> string(14) "1–D CFD cell" [2]=> string(19) "modeling explosions" } } ["subjects"]=> array(0) { } ["disciplines"]=> array(0) { } ["languages"]=> array(0) { } ["supportingAgencies"]=> array(0) { } ["galleys"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(ArticleGalley)#772 (7) { ["_submissionFile"]=> NULL ["_data"]=> array(9) { ["submissionFileId"]=> int(20348) ["id"]=> int(4698) ["isApproved"]=> bool(false) ["locale"]=> string(5) "en_US" ["label"]=> string(3) "PDF" ["publicationId"]=> int(2718) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["urlPath"]=> string(0) "" ["urlRemote"]=> string(0) "" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(true) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) }Application of Analytic Hierarchy Process in Fuzzy Logic–based Meteorological Support System of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
This article aims to present the potential connection point of the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and the fuzzy logic–based analog forecasting method. When we try to find the most similar situations with an analog forecasting system, we can be confronted with the problem of the different importance of different meteorological parameters. We can solve this problem by weighting the individual variables. We applied AHP to determine the correct weights. The preliminary results of a case study show the effectiveness of this application in analog forecasting support sys- tems for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs).
" ["hu_HU"]=> string(622) "This article aims to present the potential connection point of the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and the fuzzy logic–based analog forecasting method. When we try to find the most similar situations with an analog forecasting system, we can be confronted with the problem of the different importance of different meteorological parameters. We can solve this problem by weighting the individual variables. We applied AHP to determine the correct weights. The preliminary results of a case study show the effectiveness of this application in analog forecasting support systems for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs).
" } ["copyrightHolder"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["title"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(122) "Application of Analytic Hierarchy Process in Fuzzy Logic–based Meteorological Support System of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles" ["hu_HU"]=> string(122) "Application of Analytic Hierarchy Process in Fuzzy Logic–based Meteorological Support System of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles" } ["prefix"]=> array(1) { ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["subtitle"]=> array(1) { ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["locale"]=> string(5) "en_US" ["authors"]=> array(5) { [0]=> object(Author)#766 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(3045) ["email"]=> string(24) "tubazoltan.met@gmail.com" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(2720) ["seq"]=> int(4) ["userGroupId"]=> int(82) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(0) "" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(4) "Tuba" ["hu_HU"]=> string(4) "Tuba" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(7) "Zoltán" ["hu_HU"]=> string(7) "Zoltán" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "en_US" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } [1]=> object(Author)#740 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(3046) ["email"]=> string(22) "vidnyanszkyz@gmail.com" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(2720) ["seq"]=> int(4) ["userGroupId"]=> int(82) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(0) "" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(12) "Vidnyánszky" ["hu_HU"]=> string(12) "Vidnyánszky" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(7) "Zoltán" ["hu_HU"]=> string(7) "Zoltán" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "en_US" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } [2]=> object(Author)#776 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(3047) ["email"]=> string(24) "bottyan.zsolt@uni-nke.hu" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(2720) ["seq"]=> int(4) ["userGroupId"]=> int(82) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(0) "" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(8) "Bottyán" ["hu_HU"]=> string(8) "Bottyán" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(5) "Zsolt" ["hu_HU"]=> string(5) "Zsolt" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "en_US" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } [3]=> object(Author)#771 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(3048) ["email"]=> string(19) "wantuch.f@gmail.com" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(2720) ["seq"]=> int(4) ["userGroupId"]=> int(82) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(0) "" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(7) "Wantuch" ["hu_HU"]=> string(7) "Wantuch" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(6) "Ferenc" ["hu_HU"]=> string(6) "Ferenc" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "en_US" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } [4]=> object(Author)#746 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(3049) ["email"]=> string(26) "katalin.hadobacs@gmail.com" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(2720) ["seq"]=> int(4) ["userGroupId"]=> int(82) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(0) "" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(9) "Hadobács" ["hu_HU"]=> string(9) "Hadobács" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(7) "Katalin" ["hu_HU"]=> string(7) "Katalin" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "en_US" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } ["keywords"]=> array(2) { ["hu_HU"]=> array(3) { [0]=> string(32) "analytic hierarchy process (AHP)" [1]=> string(45) "fuzzy logic–based analog forecasting method" [2]=> string(34) "analog forecasting support systems" } ["en_US"]=> array(3) { [0]=> string(32) "analytic hierarchy process (AHP)" [1]=> string(45) "fuzzy logic–based analog forecasting method" [2]=> string(34) "analog forecasting support systems" } } ["subjects"]=> array(0) { } ["disciplines"]=> array(0) { } ["languages"]=> array(0) { } ["supportingAgencies"]=> array(0) { } ["galleys"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(ArticleGalley)#768 (7) { ["_submissionFile"]=> NULL ["_data"]=> array(9) { ["submissionFileId"]=> int(20349) ["id"]=> int(4699) ["isApproved"]=> bool(false) ["locale"]=> string(5) "en_US" ["label"]=> string(3) "PDF" ["publicationId"]=> int(2720) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["urlPath"]=> string(0) "" ["urlRemote"]=> string(0) "" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(true) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) }Human Iris Polymorphisms: Computer–based and Genetic Assessments of Human Irises and Possible Applications in Human Identification
During personal identification we can analyse the phenotypic or genotypic complexions of a human. The ancient histories of scientific activities in this field were related to the descriptive or measurable features, called phenotype analyses. In the last decades of the 20th century, during the era of human genetics, numerous polymorphic genetic markers were discovered investigating the human nuclear or mitochondrial DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid). The results of the Human Genome Project revolutionized the applications and opened an era of the investigations for externally visible characteristics (EVCs), the so called DNA based phenotyping (age, hair–, and eye– colour investigations) using informative molecular markers. The polymorphic characteristics of the human eye are well known. This partly originates from the vessel network and the layer order of the retina or the unique construction of the initial section of the optic nerve at the eye-ground. The iris’ individuality resides in its complex textural construction. The iris’ colour and partly its patterns (variations of the Fuchs’ crypts, nevi dots, Wolfflin nodules and contraction furrows) are genetically determined. All of these previously mentioned iris polymorphisms led to the development of a number of automatic phenotypic or genotypic biometric personal identification practical applications. The aim of this study is to briefly summarize the background of this topic condensing those results which are available in this field, and to present our efforts related to a novel approach in the field of iris colour prediction.
" ["hu_HU"]=> string(1618) "During personal identification we can analyse the phenotypic or genotypic complexions of a human. The ancient histories of scientific activities in this field were related to the descriptive or measurable features, called phenotype analyses. In the last decades of the 20th century, during the era of human genetics, numerous polymorphic genetic markers were discovered investigating the human nuclear or mitochondrial DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid). The results of the Human Genome Project revolutionized the applications and opened an era of the investigations for externally visible characteristics (EVCs), the so called DNA based phenotyping (age, hair–, and eye–colour investigations) using informative molecular markers. The polymorphic characteristics of the human eye are well known. This partly originates from the vessel network and the layer order of the retina or the unique construction of the initial section of the optic nerve at the eye-ground. The iris’ individuality resides in its complex textural construction. The iris’ colour and partly its patterns (variations of the Fuchs’ crypts, nevi dots, Wolfflin nodules and contraction furrows) are genetically determined. All of these previously mentioned iris polymorphisms led to the development of a number of automatic phenotypic or genotypic biometric personal identification practical applications.
The aim of this study is to briefly summarize the background of this topic condensing those results which are available in this field, and to present our efforts related to a novel approach in the field of iris colour prediction.
War at the Background of Europe: The Crisis of Mali
In 2012 the seemingly stable country of Mali experienced a sudden collapse, this along with the declaration of independence of the brand new Tuareg state, the massive spread of extreme Islamism shocked the international community. Initial disbelief gave way to the UN Security Council’s resolution to restore Mali’s territorial integrity. Fueled by the fear of a greater and bloodier conflict and its overspill, limited military operations began. Along with the Economic Community of West African Stateled operation, the country’s former colonial master, France, began its own controversial military operation. Many people think that by doing so, France is trying to prove itself a great power and able to intervene on the world political stage according to its own diplomatic interest and being a force to contend with. Others however think that France is facing another Indochina-like fiasco in Mali. Who is right, will be determined by the failure or the success of the current operations and by the results of the restoration afterward. In this paper I would like to clarify the reasons for the events taking place in the country, their dynamics and possible consequences.
" ["hu_HU"]=> string(1192) "In 2012 the seemingly stable country of Mali experienced a sudden collapse, this along with the declaration of independence of the brand new Tuareg state, the massive spread of extreme Islamism shocked the international community. Initial disbelief gave way to the UN Security Council’s resolution to restore Mali’s territorial integrity. Fueled by the fear of a greater and bloodier conflict and its overspill, limited military operations began. Along with the Economic Community of West African State–led operation, the country’s former colonial master, France, began its own controversial military operation. Many people think that by doing so, France is trying to prove itself a great power and able to intervene on the world political stage according to its own diplomatic interest and being a force to contend with. Others however think that France is facing another Indochina-like fiasco in Mali. Who is right, will be determined by the failure or the success of the current operations and by the results of the restoration afterward. In this paper I would like to clarify the reasons for the events taking place in the country, their dynamics and possible consequences.
" } ["copyrightHolder"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["title"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(51) "War at the Background of Europe: The Crisis of Mali" ["hu_HU"]=> string(51) "War at the Background of Europe: The Crisis of Mali" } ["locale"]=> string(5) "en_US" ["authors"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(Author)#781 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(3057) ["email"]=> string(23) "besenyo.janos@gmail.com" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(2724) ["seq"]=> int(6) ["userGroupId"]=> int(82) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(0) "" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(8) "Besenyő" ["hu_HU"]=> string(8) "Besenyő" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(6) "János" ["hu_HU"]=> string(6) "János" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "en_US" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } ["keywords"]=> array(1) { ["en_US"]=> array(11) { [0]=> string(4) "Mali" [1]=> string(4) "AQIM" [2]=> string(10) "Boko Haram" [3]=> string(6) "Tuareg" [4]=> string(6) "Azawad" [5]=> string(9) "rebellion" [6]=> string(6) "France" [7]=> string(3) "USA" [8]=> string(14) "European Union" [9]=> string(12) "peacekeeping" [10]=> string(16) "Operation Serval" } } ["subjects"]=> array(0) { } ["disciplines"]=> array(0) { } ["languages"]=> array(0) { } ["supportingAgencies"]=> array(0) { } ["galleys"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(ArticleGalley)#790 (7) { ["_submissionFile"]=> NULL ["_data"]=> array(9) { ["submissionFileId"]=> int(20351) ["id"]=> int(1869) ["isApproved"]=> bool(false) ["locale"]=> string(5) "en_US" ["label"]=> string(3) "PDF" ["publicationId"]=> int(2724) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["urlPath"]=> string(0) "" ["urlRemote"]=> string(0) "" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(true) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) }International Collaborative Military Mapping Programs’ Implementation and Development Opportunities in Hungary
The two most important military mapping projects in Hungary are the Multinational Geospatial Co–production Program (MGCP) and the SAAB JAS 39 Gripen aircraft support, with digital mapping system. 29 countries joined the largest mapping program, called the MGCP to create up– to–date, 50k scale, high density 1°x1° cells for a geospatial database to cover the majority of the global landmass. Hungary has been a participant since December 2005, and contracted 28+1 data cells for completion by 2013. Under the terms of the Gripen lease–purchase agreement, Hungary has to provide basic data for the aircraft on–board system which requires continuous database maintenance for both surface and obstacle databases. Another task is to maintain the Digital Map Generating System (DMGS).
" ["hu_HU"]=> string(807) "The two most important military mapping projects in Hungary are the Multinational Geospatial Co–production Program (MGCP) and the SAAB JAS 39 Gripen aircraft support, with digital mapping system.
29 countries joined the largest mapping program, called the MGCP to create up–to–date, 50k scale, high density 1°x1° cells for a geospatial database to cover the majority of the global landmass. Hungary has been a participant since December 2005, and contracted 28+1 data cells for completion by 2013.
Under the terms of the Gripen lease–purchase agreement, Hungary has to provide basic data for the aircraft on–board system which requires continuous database maintenance for both surface and obstacle databases. Another task is to maintain the Digital Map Generating System (DMGS).
Historical Aspects of the Catholic Church’s Role in the Police Forces in Hungary
This study presents the police forces in Hungary during the Austro–Hungarian Empire, complete with an analysis of the period between the two world wars. The presentation of organization and structure aims to introduce and analyze the system of relations mainly between the Catholic Church and the police forces. As to the author’s research on local history, when comparing the gendarmerie (in Hungarian “Csendőrség”) and the town police, the study primarily focuses on the police forces of the Royal Town of Sopron and the Royal County of Sopron. The goal is to prove that pastoral care, established through the cooperation between the institutions of pastoral care and the armed forces, was operating within an effective framework during the period encompassing the two world wars.
" ["hu_HU"]=> string(802) "This study presents the police forces in Hungary during the Austro–Hungarian Empire, complete with an analysis of the period between the two world wars. The presentation of organization and structure aims to introduce and analyze the system of relations mainly between the Catholic Church and the police forces. As to the author’s research on local history, when comparing the gendarmerie (in Hungarian “Csendőrség”) and the town police, the study primarily focuses on the police forces of the Royal Town of Sopron and the Royal County of Sopron.
The goal is to prove that pastoral care, established through the cooperation between the institutions of pastoral care and the armed forces, was operating within an effective framework during the period encompassing the two world wars.
The AD–AHP Planner: Incremental Path Planning for Robots Incorporating Decision Theory
Path planning for mobile robots in dynamic environments with many objectives to regard at once is challenging and often impossible. However recent outdoor robotic applications encounter many situations when such an approach is needed. This paper presents a path planning method for mobile robots that incorporates decision theory to guide the search. The method is able to handle an arbitrary number of objectives at the same time and also enables the incorporation of human logic into the planning process. All parts of the algorithm suit real– time implementation.
" ["hu_HU"]=> string(574) "Path planning for mobile robots in dynamic environments with many objectives to regard at once is challenging and often impossible. However recent outdoor robotic applications encounter many situations when such an approach is needed. This paper presents a path planning method for mobile robots that incorporates decision theory to guide the search. The method is able to handle an arbitrary number of objectives at the same time and also enables the incorporation of human logic into the planning process. All parts of the algorithm suit real–time implementation.
" } ["copyrightHolder"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["title"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(88) "The AD–AHP Planner: Incremental Path Planning for Robots Incorporating Decision Theory" ["hu_HU"]=> string(88) "The AD–AHP Planner: Incremental Path Planning for Robots Incorporating Decision Theory" } ["prefix"]=> array(1) { ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["subtitle"]=> array(1) { ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["locale"]=> string(5) "en_US" ["authors"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(Author)#792 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(3076) ["email"]=> string(19) "noreply@ludovika.hu" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(2743) ["seq"]=> int(9) ["userGroupId"]=> int(82) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(0) "" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(8) "Komlósi" ["hu_HU"]=> string(8) "Komlósi" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(7) "István" ["hu_HU"]=> string(7) "István" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "en_US" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } ["keywords"]=> array(2) { ["hu_HU"]=> array(3) { [0]=> string(16) "AD–AHP planner" [1]=> string(31) "Path planning for mobile robots" [2]=> string(15) "decision theory" } ["en_US"]=> array(3) { [0]=> string(16) "AD–AHP planner" [1]=> string(31) "Path planning for mobile robots" [2]=> string(15) "decision theory" } } ["subjects"]=> array(0) { } ["disciplines"]=> array(0) { } ["languages"]=> array(0) { } ["supportingAgencies"]=> array(0) { } ["galleys"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(ArticleGalley)#796 (7) { ["_submissionFile"]=> NULL ["_data"]=> array(9) { ["submissionFileId"]=> int(20354) ["id"]=> int(1886) ["isApproved"]=> bool(false) ["locale"]=> string(5) "en_US" ["label"]=> string(3) "PDF" ["publicationId"]=> int(2743) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["urlPath"]=> string(0) "" ["urlRemote"]=> string(0) "" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(true) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) }The Representation of Human Rights and Economic Positions in Cuba
This article describes the more than a decade–long process, during which Cuba, having lost its economic stability, has been economically moving closer to EU countries that are investing more and more in tourism and other industries. Although in many areas a shift towards a market economy can be observed in Cuba, these measures have not been accompanied by political reforms and guarantees of basic human rights that are considered fundamental values in the European Union. The article introduces the efforts of the Cuban opposition and organizations over the last twenty years, and describes the steps, with which the European Union has supported and recognized those who are fighting for freedom and rights in Cuba. Through these actions the European Union makes it clear that besides improving economic relations, the EU emphasizes and monitors the political systems of its trading partners, expecting them to guarantee certain basic rights.
" ["hu_HU"]=> string(954) "This article describes the more than a decade–long process, during which Cuba, having lost its economic stability, has been economically moving closer to EU countries that are investing more and more in tourism and other industries. Although in many areas a shift towards a market economy can be observed in Cuba, these measures have not been accompanied by political reforms and guarantees of basic human rights that are considered fundamental values in the European Union. The article introduces the efforts of the Cuban opposition and organizations over the last twenty years, and describes the steps, with which the European Union has supported and recognized those who are fighting for freedom and rights in Cuba. Through these actions the European Union makes it clear that besides improving economic relations, the EU emphasizes and monitors the political systems of its trading partners, expecting them to guarantee certain basic rights.
" } ["copyrightHolder"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["title"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(65) "The Representation of Human Rights and Economic Positions in Cuba" ["hu_HU"]=> string(65) "The Representation of Human Rights and Economic Positions in Cuba" } ["locale"]=> string(5) "en_US" ["authors"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(Author)#802 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(3077) ["email"]=> string(17) "xmate@freemail.hu" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(2744) ["seq"]=> int(10) ["userGroupId"]=> int(82) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(0) "" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(6) "Szabó" ["hu_HU"]=> string(6) "Szabó" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(12) "Máté Csaba" ["hu_HU"]=> string(12) "Máté Csaba" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "en_US" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } ["keywords"]=> array(1) { ["en_US"]=> array(3) { [0]=> string(4) "Cuba" [1]=> string(12) "Human Rights" [2]=> string(14) "European Union" } } ["subjects"]=> array(0) { } ["disciplines"]=> array(0) { } ["languages"]=> array(0) { } ["supportingAgencies"]=> array(0) { } ["galleys"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(ArticleGalley)#801 (7) { ["_submissionFile"]=> NULL ["_data"]=> array(9) { ["submissionFileId"]=> int(20355) ["id"]=> int(1887) ["isApproved"]=> bool(false) ["locale"]=> string(5) "en_US" ["label"]=> string(3) "PDF" ["publicationId"]=> int(2744) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["urlPath"]=> string(0) "" ["urlRemote"]=> string(0) "" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(true) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) }Military Theoretical Basics of the Concept of Culture of Warfare
The study demonstrates the evaluation of the concept of culture of warfare and highlights its relations with Clausewitz’s perspective on military affairs. The model of cultures of warfare in Hungary was created in the 1990’s by Kovács Jenő, a Hungarian general and military theorist who used the original British concept of military culture as a base. He thought that different cultures of warfare evolved throughout history due to the varied historical and cultural patterns of the societies causing differences in concepts of leadership, manoeuvre and engagement. The theoretical bases of varied ways of warfare can be found in Clausewitz’s “On War”. The Prussian military theorist defined the dual nature of war, which means different use of the instruments of force and violence: aspiration to annihilation or attrition. Thinking about war in the framework of a general theory of the use of force and violence does bring us closer to discover and understand the basic aims of warfare.
" ["hu_HU"]=> string(1007) "The study demonstrates the evaluation of the concept of culture of warfare and highlights its relations with Clausewitz’s perspective on military affairs. The model of cultures of warfare in Hungary was created in the 1990’s by Kovács Jenő, a Hungarian general and military theorist who used the original British concept of military culture as a base. He thought that different cultures of warfare evolved throughout history due to the varied historical and cultural patterns of the societies causing differences in concepts of leadership, manoeuvre and engagement. The theoretical bases of varied ways of warfare can be found in Clausewitz’s “On War”. The Prussian military theorist defined the dual nature of war, which means different use of the instruments of force and violence: aspiration to annihilation or attrition. Thinking about war in the framework of a general theory of the use of force and violence does bring us closer to discover and understand the basic aims of warfare.
" } ["copyrightHolder"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["title"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(64) "Military Theoretical Basics of the Concept of Culture of Warfare" ["hu_HU"]=> string(64) "Military Theoretical Basics of the Concept of Culture of Warfare" } ["locale"]=> string(5) "en_US" ["authors"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(Author)#806 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(3079) ["email"]=> string(25) "forgacs.balazs@uni-nke.hu" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(2745) ["seq"]=> int(11) ["userGroupId"]=> int(82) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(0) "" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(8) "Forgács" ["hu_HU"]=> string(8) "Forgács" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(7) "Balázs" ["hu_HU"]=> string(7) "Balázs" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "en_US" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } ["keywords"]=> array(2) { ["hu_HU"]=> array(3) { [0]=> string(18) "culture of warfare" [1]=> string(16) "military affairs" [2]=> string(7) "Hungary" } ["en_US"]=> array(3) { [0]=> string(18) "culture of warfare" [1]=> string(16) "military affairs" [2]=> string(7) "Hungary" } } ["subjects"]=> array(0) { } ["disciplines"]=> array(0) { } ["languages"]=> array(0) { } ["supportingAgencies"]=> array(0) { } ["galleys"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(ArticleGalley)#805 (7) { ["_submissionFile"]=> NULL ["_data"]=> array(9) { ["submissionFileId"]=> int(20356) ["id"]=> int(1889) ["isApproved"]=> bool(false) ["locale"]=> string(5) "en_US" ["label"]=> string(3) "PDF" ["publicationId"]=> int(2745) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["urlPath"]=> string(0) "" ["urlRemote"]=> string(0) "" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(true) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) }International Efforts to Create a Weapons of Mass Destruction Free Zone in the Middle East
The efforts to create a nuclear weapons ― later weapons of mass destruction ― free zone in the Middle East face many difficulties: the Arab–Israeli conflict, the deterioration of the Israeli–Palestinian peace process, the growing number of actors in the peace process, the nuclear program of Iran, the security policy of Israel etc. The aim of this paper is to give an overview of the international (United Nations [UN], European Union [EU]) efforts from the 1960s to the indefinite post- ponement of the Middle East weapons of mass destruction free zone (MEWMDFZ) conference planned for December 2012.
" ["hu_HU"]=> string(615) "The efforts to create a nuclear weapons ― later weapons of mass destruction ― free zone in the Middle East face many difficulties: the Arab–Israeli conflict, the deterioration of the Israeli–Palestinian peace process, the growing number of actors in the peace process, the nuclear program of Iran, the security policy of Israel etc. The aim of this paper is to give an overview of the international (United Nations [UN], European Union [EU]) efforts from the 1960s to the indefinite postponement of the Middle East weapons of mass destruction free zone (MEWMDFZ) conference planned for December 2012.
" } ["copyrightHolder"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["title"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(90) "International Efforts to Create a Weapons of Mass Destruction Free Zone in the Middle East" ["hu_HU"]=> string(90) "International Efforts to Create a Weapons of Mass Destruction Free Zone in the Middle East" } ["prefix"]=> array(1) { ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["subtitle"]=> array(1) { ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["locale"]=> string(5) "en_US" ["authors"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(Author)#810 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(3111) ["email"]=> string(23) "nagymilada@aposztrof.hu" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(2771) ["seq"]=> int(12) ["userGroupId"]=> int(82) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(0) "" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(4) "Nagy" ["hu_HU"]=> string(4) "Nagy" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(6) "Milada" ["hu_HU"]=> string(6) "Milada" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "en_US" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } ["keywords"]=> array(2) { ["hu_HU"]=> array(5) { [0]=> string(11) "Middle East" [1]=> string(37) "weapons of mass destruction free zone" [2]=> string(14) "United Nations" [3]=> string(19) "NPT 1995 resolution" [4]=> string(14) "European Union" } ["en_US"]=> array(5) { [0]=> string(11) "Middle East" [1]=> string(37) "weapons of mass destruction free zone" [2]=> string(14) "United Nations" [3]=> string(19) "NPT 1995 resolution" [4]=> string(14) "European Union" } } ["subjects"]=> array(0) { } ["disciplines"]=> array(0) { } ["languages"]=> array(0) { } ["supportingAgencies"]=> array(0) { } ["galleys"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(ArticleGalley)#809 (7) { ["_submissionFile"]=> NULL ["_data"]=> array(9) { ["submissionFileId"]=> int(20357) ["id"]=> int(1914) ["isApproved"]=> bool(false) ["locale"]=> string(5) "en_US" ["label"]=> string(3) "PDF" ["publicationId"]=> int(2771) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["urlPath"]=> string(0) "" ["urlRemote"]=> string(0) "" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(true) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) }Small Countries and Cyber Defence
Cyber security problems pose a particularly important challenge for Small Countries. Their achievements can easily be destroyed by a cyber attack. Therefore, Small Countries cannot rely on the great powers or alliance systems the same way they would in the case of a military threat. A new interpretation of the concept of cyber space creates a new approach to cyber security problems. This new approach and the cooperation with the cyber defence system of NATO facilitate the development of an individual cyber security policy and the support of social development.
" ["hu_HU"]=> string(573) "Cyber security problems pose a particularly important challenge for Small Countries. Their achievements can easily be destroyed by a cyber attack. Therefore, Small Countries cannot rely on the great powers or alliance systems the same way they would in the case of a military threat. A new interpretation of the concept of cyber space creates a new approach to cyber security problems. This new approach and the cooperation with the cyber defence system of NATO facilitate the development of an individual cyber security policy and the support of social development.
" } ["copyrightHolder"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["title"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(33) "Small Countries and Cyber Defence" ["hu_HU"]=> string(33) "Small Countries and Cyber Defence" } ["prefix"]=> array(1) { ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["subtitle"]=> array(1) { ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["locale"]=> string(5) "en_US" ["authors"]=> array(2) { [0]=> object(Author)#814 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(3118) ["email"]=> string(24) "shkendije.geci@gmail.com" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(2775) ["seq"]=> int(13) ["userGroupId"]=> int(82) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(0) "" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(7) "Sherifi" ["hu_HU"]=> string(7) "Sherifi" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(9) "Shkendije" ["hu_HU"]=> string(9) "Shkendije" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "en_US" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } [1]=> object(Author)#819 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(3119) ["email"]=> string(19) "noreply@ludovika.hu" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(2775) ["seq"]=> int(13) ["userGroupId"]=> int(82) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(0) "" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(4) "Nagy" ["hu_HU"]=> string(4) "Nagy" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(7) "Károly" ["hu_HU"]=> string(7) "Károly" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "en_US" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } ["keywords"]=> array(1) { ["en_US"]=> array(5) { [0]=> string(10) "cyberspace" [1]=> string(14) "virtual worlds" [2]=> string(14) "cyber security" [3]=> string(13) "cyber defence" [4]=> string(22) "comprehensive approach" } } ["subjects"]=> array(0) { } ["disciplines"]=> array(0) { } ["languages"]=> array(0) { } ["supportingAgencies"]=> array(0) { } ["galleys"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(ArticleGalley)#813 (7) { ["_submissionFile"]=> NULL ["_data"]=> array(9) { ["submissionFileId"]=> int(20358) ["id"]=> int(1917) ["isApproved"]=> bool(false) ["locale"]=> string(5) "en_US" ["label"]=> string(3) "PDF" ["publicationId"]=> int(2775) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["urlPath"]=> string(0) "" ["urlRemote"]=> string(0) "" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(true) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) }Changes in Terms of Metabolic Syndrome, Its Occurrence in the Civilian Population, and in Hungarian and Foreign Military Organizations
Obesity again has become the center of attention due to its growing incidence experienced in the last decade and its strong coherence to cardiovascular diseases. Especially abdominal obesity together with dyslipidemia featuring hypertonia, hyperglycemia, high level of triglycerides, and low level of HDL3 cholesterol accounts for cardiovascular risks. The independent and comprehensive term metabolic syndrome is used for their frequent collective occurrence and combination. In the past years, the term cardiometabolic risk was created by considering other cardiovascular factors besides the components of the syndrome. Increase in the number of the obese was observed in military organizations world- wide, too. Parallel to obesity, there is a growing number of both professional and contracted servicemen in the Hungarian Defence Force exposed to the increased danger of cardiometabolic disease according to the metabolic syndrome criteria’s. The efficient reduction of cardiometabolic risk is possible with appropriate prevention strategies. The population’s primary and secondary prevention starts in primary care with the involvement of family doctors, but it is also a fundamental responsibility in the military healthcare system in order to preserve a force fit to fight.
" ["hu_HU"]=> string(1294) "Obesity again has become the center of attention due to its growing incidence experienced in the last decade and its strong coherence to cardiovascular diseases. Especially abdominal obesity together with dyslipidemia featuring hypertonia, hyperglycemia, high level of triglycerides, and low level of HDL3 cholesterol accounts for cardiovascular risks. The independent and comprehensive term metabolic syndrome is used for their frequent collective occurrence and combination. In the past years, the term cardiometabolic risk was created by considering other cardiovascular factors besides the components of the syndrome.
Increase in the number of the obese was observed in military organizations worldwide, too. Parallel to obesity, there is a growing number of both professional and contracted servicemen in the Hungarian Defence Force exposed to the increased danger of cardiometabolic disease according to the metabolic syndrome criteria’s. The efficient reduction of cardiometabolic risk is possible with appropriate prevention strategies. The population’s primary and secondary prevention starts in primary care with the involvement of family doctors, but it is also a fundamental responsibility in the military healthcare system in order to preserve a force fit to fight.
Recognition of Initiative in an Infantry Company’s Battle Exercise to Support Tactical Overall Analysis
The scientific goal of this paper is to demonstrate, from the viewpoint of tactical overall analysis, how different quantitative (e.g. distribution analysis) and qualita- tive research (e.g. text analysis) methods could be used to support the traditional ways (tactical maps and event catalogues) of analyzing tactical phenomena ― in this case the initiative in a battle ― and how different types of instruments could be utilized and developed (e.g. NASA-TLX) for analyzing subjective human factors during the battle ― in this case especially the feeling of having initiative. In this paper, as an example, numerical values are calculated to determine whether there is a correlation between the casualty ratio and initiative. The results are verified based on battle space situation pictures. In addition, the analyses of distributions describing the variation of the feeling of one’s own force and of the adversary of having the initiative are used to support the results showing which fighting side has the initiative.
" ["hu_HU"]=> string(1033) "The scientific goal of this paper is to demonstrate, from the viewpoint of tactical overall analysis, how different quantitative (e.g. distribution analysis) and qualitative research (e.g. text analysis) methods could be used to support the traditional ways (tactical maps and event catalogues) of analyzing tactical phenomena ― in this case the initiative in a battle ― and how different types of instruments could be utilized and developed (e.g. NASA-TLX) for analyzing subjective human factors during the battle ― in this case especially the feeling of having initiative. In this paper, as an example, numerical values are calculated to determine whether there is a correlation between the casualty ratio and initiative. The results are verified based on battle space situation pictures. In addition, the analyses of distributions describing the variation of the feeling of one’s own force and of the adversary of having the initiative are used to support the results showing which fighting side has the initiative.
" } ["copyrightHolder"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["title"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(105) "Recognition of Initiative in an Infantry Company’s Battle Exercise to Support Tactical Overall Analysis" ["hu_HU"]=> string(105) "Recognition of Initiative in an Infantry Company’s Battle Exercise to Support Tactical Overall Analysis" } ["locale"]=> string(5) "en_US" ["authors"]=> array(2) { [0]=> object(Author)#797 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(3128) ["email"]=> string(19) "noreply@ludovika.hu" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(2783) ["seq"]=> int(15) ["userGroupId"]=> int(82) ["country"]=> string(2) "FI" ["orcid"]=> string(0) "" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(8) "Sormunen" ["hu_HU"]=> string(8) "Sormunen" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(4) "Jari" ["hu_HU"]=> string(4) "Jari" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "en_US" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } [1]=> object(Author)#824 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(3129) ["email"]=> string(22) "harri.eskelinen@lut.fi" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(2783) ["seq"]=> int(15) ["userGroupId"]=> int(82) ["country"]=> string(2) "FI" ["orcid"]=> string(0) "" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(9) "Eskelinen" ["hu_HU"]=> string(9) "Eskelinen" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(5) "Harri" ["hu_HU"]=> string(5) "Harri" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "en_US" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } ["keywords"]=> array(2) { ["hu_HU"]=> array(6) { [0]=> string(16) "Military tactics" [1]=> string(7) "tactics" [2]=> string(8) "infantry" [3]=> string(7) "company" [4]=> string(6) "attack" [5]=> string(10) "initiative" } ["en_US"]=> array(6) { [0]=> string(16) "Military tactics" [1]=> string(7) "tactics" [2]=> string(8) "infantry" [3]=> string(7) "company" [4]=> string(6) "attack" [5]=> string(10) "initiative" } } ["subjects"]=> array(0) { } ["disciplines"]=> array(0) { } ["languages"]=> array(0) { } ["supportingAgencies"]=> array(0) { } ["galleys"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(ArticleGalley)#830 (7) { ["_submissionFile"]=> NULL ["_data"]=> array(9) { ["submissionFileId"]=> int(20360) ["id"]=> int(1925) ["isApproved"]=> bool(false) ["locale"]=> string(5) "en_US" ["label"]=> string(3) "PDF" ["publicationId"]=> int(2783) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["urlPath"]=> string(0) "" ["urlRemote"]=> string(0) "" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(true) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) }Protection and Safety of the Application of Radiation Sources in Medicine
Since the discovery of the X–ray and radioactivity the largest user of radiation sources is medicine. That is the reason why the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century brought significant changes in healing, compared to the previous ones. After Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen ― the latter Nobel Prize winning physicist ― discovered X–rays they were named after him, and mankind’s desire to be able to “see into” the interior of the human body became a reality.
" ["hu_HU"]=> string(499) "Since the discovery of the X–ray and radioactivity the largest user of radiation sources is medicine. That is the reason why the end of the 19th century and the be- ginning of the 20th century brought significant changes in healing, compared to the previous ones. After Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen ― the latter Nobel Prize winning physicist ― discovered X–rays they were named after him, and mankind’s desire to be able to “see into” the interior of the human body became a reality.
" } ["copyrightHolder"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["title"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(73) "Protection and Safety of the Application of Radiation Sources in Medicine" ["hu_HU"]=> string(73) "Protection and Safety of the Application of Radiation Sources in Medicine" } ["prefix"]=> array(1) { ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["subtitle"]=> array(1) { ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["locale"]=> string(5) "en_US" ["authors"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(Author)#827 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(3130) ["email"]=> string(26) "tiszolczi.balazs@gmail.com" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(2785) ["seq"]=> int(16) ["userGroupId"]=> int(82) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(0) "" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(9) "Tiszolczi" ["hu_HU"]=> string(9) "Tiszolczi" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(15) "Balázs Gergely" ["hu_HU"]=> string(15) "Balázs Gergely" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "en_US" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } ["keywords"]=> array(1) { ["en_US"]=> array(3) { [0]=> string(29) "radiation sources is medicine" [1]=> string(8) "X–rays" [2]=> string(13) "radioactivity" } } ["subjects"]=> array(0) { } ["disciplines"]=> array(0) { } ["languages"]=> array(0) { } ["supportingAgencies"]=> array(0) { } ["galleys"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(ArticleGalley)#831 (7) { ["_submissionFile"]=> NULL ["_data"]=> array(9) { ["submissionFileId"]=> int(20361) ["id"]=> int(1926) ["isApproved"]=> bool(false) ["locale"]=> string(5) "en_US" ["label"]=> string(3) "PDF" ["publicationId"]=> int(2785) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["urlPath"]=> string(0) "" ["urlRemote"]=> string(0) "" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(true) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) }