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Seismic Risk and Disaster Management Perspectives in Hungary, Presented on a Case Study Performed in Győr
Recent earthquakes with high number of casualties and enormous devastation have recently pushed engineers and designers to adopt preventive approaches to seismic safety. Vulnerability to earthquakes has increased due to extending urban areas. Seismicity in the Pannonian Basin is moderate compared to seismicity of surrounding areas, nonetheless, based on the recent high quality of earthquake observations, epicentre determinations have shown specific regions where earthquakes occur repeatedly. Moderate seismicity does not necessarily equate to moderate damage from earthquakes. Reports of major earthquakes often refer to heavy building damage and liquefaction (e.g. 1763 Komárom eq.). To reduce the potential damage, a comprehensive assessment of the seismic risk followed by a package of relevant remedial measures is needed. This paper presents the case study for the city of Győr, focusing on the local soil effects performing response analysis with more than 6,000 realizations and visual screening of more than 5,000 buildings to determine the vulnerability and the overall seismic risk. Based on the results engineers can plan improvements of the infrastructure easier, and authorities are able to make better plans for emergency activities in case of a seismic event.
" ["hu_HU"]=> string(1288) "Recent earthquakes with high number of casualties and enormous devastation have recently pushed engineers and designers to adopt preventive approaches to seismic safety. Vulnerability to earthquakes has increased due to extending urban areas. Seismicity in the Pannonian Basin is moderate compared to seismicity of surrounding areas, nonetheless, based on the recent high quality of earthquake observations, epicentre determinations have shown specific regions where earthquakes occur repeatedly. Moderate seismicity does not necessarily equate to moderate damage from earthquakes. Reports of major earthquakes often refer to heavy building damage and liquefaction (e.g. 1763 Komárom eq.). To reduce the potential damage, a comprehensive assessment of the seismic risk followed by a package of relevant remedial measures is needed. This paper presents the case study for the city of Győr, focusing on the local soil effects performing response analysis with more than 6,000 realizations and visual screening of more than 5,000 buildings to determine the vulnerability and the overall seismic risk. Based on the results engineers can plan improvements of the infrastructure easier, and authorities are able to make better plans for emergency activities in case of a seismic event.
" } ["copyrightHolder"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["title"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(106) "Seismic Risk and Disaster Management Perspectives in Hungary, Presented on a Case Study Performed in Győr" ["hu_HU"]=> string(106) "Seismic Risk and Disaster Management Perspectives in Hungary, Presented on a Case Study Performed in Győr" } ["locale"]=> string(5) "en_US" ["authors"]=> array(3) { [0]=> object(Author)#734 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(1821) ["email"]=> string(15) "kegyesbo@sze.hu" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(1701) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["userGroupId"]=> int(82) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(0) "" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(14) "Kegyes-Brassai" ["hu_HU"]=> string(14) "Kegyes-Brassai" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(7) "Orsolya" ["hu_HU"]=> string(7) "Orsolya" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "en_US" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } [1]=> object(Author)#717 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(1822) ["email"]=> string(10) "ray@sze.hu" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(1701) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["userGroupId"]=> int(82) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(0) "" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(6) "P. Ray" ["hu_HU"]=> string(6) "P. Ray" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(7) "Richard" ["hu_HU"]=> string(7) "Richard" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "en_US" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } [2]=> object(Author)#712 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(1823) ["email"]=> string(19) "kuti.rajmund@sze.hu" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(1701) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["userGroupId"]=> int(82) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(0) "" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(4) "Kuti" ["hu_HU"]=> string(4) "Kuti" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(7) "Rajmund" ["hu_HU"]=> string(7) "Rajmund" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "en_US" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } ["keywords"]=> array(2) { ["hu_HU"]=> array(4) { [0]=> string(12) "seismic risk" [1]=> string(19) "disaster management" [2]=> string(17) "local site effect" [3]=> string(16) "visual screening" } ["en_US"]=> array(4) { [0]=> string(12) "seismic risk" [1]=> string(19) "disaster management" [2]=> string(17) "local site effect" [3]=> string(16) "visual screening" } } ["subjects"]=> array(0) { } ["disciplines"]=> array(0) { } ["languages"]=> array(0) { } ["supportingAgencies"]=> array(0) { } ["galleys"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(ArticleGalley)#747 (7) { ["_submissionFile"]=> NULL ["_data"]=> array(9) { ["submissionFileId"]=> int(19924) ["id"]=> int(901) ["isApproved"]=> bool(false) ["locale"]=> string(5) "en_US" ["label"]=> string(3) "PDF" ["publicationId"]=> int(1701) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["urlPath"]=> string(0) "" ["urlRemote"]=> string(0) "" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(true) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) }Further Ethical Challenges in Military Science from the Perspective of the Catholic Church: Reflection on the Use of Drones
The ethical assessment of the appropriate forms of offensive military action have been one of the most significant areas in this respect over the past few years. In the teachings of many religions military weapons and procedures are traditionally evaluated and the limits assessed as to what is appropriate in a war situation. In the Catholic Church quite an elaborate system has been evolved, beginning with the teaching on what constitutes a just war, followed by the medieval criminal law procedures as determined by the councils of the Church, and in the 20th century the various declarations on atomic weapons and weapons of mass-destruction. The Catholic Church still has no established and official position on offensive action in war in the light of the UAV systems. Different opinions and views have been expressed, but it is still far from being a definitive teaching. Research institutes in the Vatican, in the different Episcopal Conferences, and in Military Ordinariate are working on an overall assessment of the problem. However, a comprehensive and correct position has to take political considerations into account, as well as the advantages brought about by technical advances and an assessment of security factors. This way a position can evolve that is faithful to the Catholic Church’s tradition, a doctrine what is acceptable to the political leadership, too.
" ["hu_HU"]=> string(1390) "The ethical assessment of the appropriate forms of offensive military action have been one of the most significant areas in this respect over the past few years. In the teachings of many religions military weapons and procedures are traditionally evaluated and the limits assessed as to what is appropriate in a war situation. In the Catholic Church quite an elaborate system has been evolved, beginning with the teaching on what constitutes a just war, followed by the medieval criminal law procedures as determined by the councils of the Church, and in the 20th century the various declarations on atomic weapons and weapons of mass-destruction. The Catholic Church still has no established and official position on offensive action in war in the light of the UAV systems. Different opinions and views have been expressed, but it is still far from being a definitive teaching. Research institutes in the Vatican, in the different Episcopal Conferences, and in Military Ordinariate are working on an overall assessment of the problem. However, a comprehensive and correct position has to take political considerations into account, as well as the advantages brought about by technical advances and an assessment of security factors. This way a position can evolve that is faithful to the Catholic Church’s tradition, a doctrine what is acceptable to the political leadership, too.
" } ["copyrightHolder"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["title"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(123) "Further Ethical Challenges in Military Science from the Perspective of the Catholic Church: Reflection on the Use of Drones" ["hu_HU"]=> string(123) "Further Ethical Challenges in Military Science from the Perspective of the Catholic Church: Reflection on the Use of Drones" } ["locale"]=> string(5) "en_US" ["authors"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(Author)#718 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(1824) ["email"]=> string(24) "ujhazi.lorand@uni-nke.hu" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(1709) ["seq"]=> int(1) ["userGroupId"]=> int(82) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(0) "" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(7) "Ujházi" ["hu_HU"]=> string(7) "Ujházi" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(8) "Lóránd" ["hu_HU"]=> string(8) "Lóránd" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "en_US" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } ["keywords"]=> array(2) { ["hu_HU"]=> array(4) { [0]=> string(16) "military studies" [1]=> string(15) "Catholic Church" [2]=> string(8) "Just War" [3]=> string(11) "UAV systems" } ["en_US"]=> array(4) { [0]=> string(16) "military studies" [1]=> string(15) "Catholic Church" [2]=> string(8) "Just War" [3]=> string(11) "UAV systems" } } ["subjects"]=> array(0) { } ["disciplines"]=> array(0) { } ["languages"]=> array(0) { } ["supportingAgencies"]=> array(0) { } ["galleys"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(ArticleGalley)#763 (7) { ["_submissionFile"]=> NULL ["_data"]=> array(9) { ["submissionFileId"]=> int(19925) ["id"]=> int(904) ["isApproved"]=> bool(false) ["locale"]=> string(5) "en_US" ["label"]=> string(3) "PDF" ["publicationId"]=> int(1709) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["urlPath"]=> string(0) "" ["urlRemote"]=> string(0) "" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(true) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) }Managerial Responsibility and Efficiency in Public Service (Competency-Based Solutions)
This study aims to deal with a current and undoubtedly unique theme by examining the scope of leader responsibilities and effectiveness in a unique labour market environment following a concept which is still new in our country. The basic thesis of this study is that the responsibility of leaders is highly significant in achieving organizational efficiency even in public administration institutions, and additionally the terms of natural and developer leaders will be explained from this aspect as well. Furthermore, this study wants to define the importance of emotional intelligence and emotional competence in managerial work, particularly with regard to the practice of public administration. In relation to this topic the study also aims to formulate proposals for the behaviour of leaders with “creative vision”, and it summarizes those competency-based methods and good practices that can support leader activities efficiently, effectively and with resource saving.
" ["hu_HU"]=> string(986) "This study aims to deal with a current and undoubtedly unique theme by examining the scope of leader responsibilities and effectiveness in a unique labour market environment following a concept which is still new in our country. The basic thesis of this study is that the responsibility of leaders is highly significant in achieving organizational efficiency even in public administration institutions, and additionally the terms of natural and developer leaders will be explained from this aspect as well. Furthermore, this study wants to define the importance of emotional intelligence and emotional competence in managerial work, particularly with regard to the practice of public administration. In relation to this topic the study also aims to formulate proposals for the behaviour of leaders with “creative vision”, and it summarizes those competency-based methods and good practices that can support leader activities efficiently, effectively and with resource saving.
" } ["copyrightHolder"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["title"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(87) "Managerial Responsibility and Efficiency in Public Service (Competency-Based Solutions)" ["hu_HU"]=> string(87) "Managerial Responsibility and Efficiency in Public Service (Competency-Based Solutions)" } ["locale"]=> string(5) "en_US" ["authors"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(Author)#115 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(5796) ["email"]=> string(19) "noreply@ludovika.hu" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(1713) ["seq"]=> int(2) ["userGroupId"]=> int(82) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(0) "" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(6) "Szabó" ["hu_HU"]=> string(6) "Szabó" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(7) "Szilvia" ["hu_HU"]=> string(7) "Szilvia" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "en_US" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } ["keywords"]=> array(2) { ["hu_HU"]=> array(9) { [0]=> string(21) "leadership management" [1]=> string(13) "civil service" [2]=> string(21) "public administration" [3]=> string(37) "emotional intelligence and competence" [4]=> string(18) "leader with vision" [5]=> string(14) "best practices" [6]=> string(4) "flow" [7]=> string(29) "balance between life and work" [8]=> string(8) "coaching" } ["en_US"]=> array(9) { [0]=> string(21) "leadership management" [1]=> string(13) "civil service" [2]=> string(21) "public administration" [3]=> string(37) "emotional intelligence and competence" [4]=> string(18) "leader with vision" [5]=> string(14) "best practices" [6]=> string(4) "flow" [7]=> string(29) "balance between life and work" [8]=> string(8) "coaching" } } ["subjects"]=> array(0) { } ["disciplines"]=> array(0) { } ["languages"]=> array(0) { } ["supportingAgencies"]=> array(0) { } ["galleys"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(ArticleGalley)#715 (7) { ["_submissionFile"]=> NULL ["_data"]=> array(9) { ["submissionFileId"]=> int(21300) ["id"]=> int(909) ["isApproved"]=> bool(false) ["locale"]=> string(5) "en_US" ["label"]=> string(3) "PDF" ["publicationId"]=> int(1713) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["urlPath"]=> string(0) "" ["urlRemote"]=> string(0) "" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(true) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) }The Relationship Between the Tasks Aimed at the Prevention of Extraordinary Incidents, the Preparation for the Mitigation of their Consequences and the System of Protection
Extraordinary incidents, including disasters, usually cause significant damage to nature, the built environment and human lives. An approach, accepted by experts, is gaining more and more ground in the field of protection and research: it is not enough to respond to incidents following their occurrence, but great attention should be paid to prevent them, and authorities should be fully prepared to mitigate their consequences in due time. What does the preparation for extraordinary incidents mean, where is the place of these tasks in the system of protection, what are the tasks of the prevention phase, and how can the preparation activity be more efficient?
In the article the author analyses the complex system of protection/defence, its subsystems, and then she demonstrates the place of disaster management and its subsystems in this environment. She examines the tasks of preventative protection against threat factors, with special regards to the tasks of the prevention/preparation phase. In the light of Hungarian and international prevention practice, she shows the up-to-date methods and tools with the help of several examples.
Extraordinary incidents, including disasters, usually cause significant damage to nature, the built environment and human lives. An approach, accepted by experts, is gaining more and more ground in the field of protection and research: it is not enough to respond to incidents following their occurrence, but great attention should be paid to prevent them, and authorities should be fully prepared to mitigate their consequences in due time. What does the preparation for extraordinary incidents mean, where is the place of these tasks in the system of protection, what are the tasks of the prevention phase, and how can the preparation activity be more efficient?
In the article the author analyses the complex system of protection/defence, its subsystems, and then she demonstrates the place of disaster management and its subsystems in this environment. She examines the tasks of preventative protection against threat factors, with special regards to the tasks of the prevention/preparation phase. In the light of Hungarian and international prevention practice, she shows the up-to-date methods and tools with the help of several examples.
The Role of the Government in the Field of Public Protection in the Prevention of Earthquake Disasters
Protecting human lives from devastating natural phenomena is among the most relevant goals of public protection at an international level. In this context, the Government has a huge responsibility in each country including the institutional framework of disaster management, knowledge transfer or legislation. The tendencies and consequences of recent natural disasters indicated that prevention has come to the fore globally. This approach is very important in earthquake prone areas as well. Generally, the most common measure after a devastating earthquake incident is the revision of seismic codes and declaring new design standards.
On the other hand, strengthening existing building constructions is inevitable for the mitigation of damages and prevention. Italy is one of the European countries most affected by earthquakes. The lessons learned from Italian risk management strategies and retrofitting projects for unreinforced old masonry buildings can be useful for establishing national strategies and governmental measures within the framework of public protection.
Protecting human lives from devastating natural phenomena is among the most relevant goals of public protection at an international level. In this context, the Government has a huge responsibility in each country including the institutional framework of disaster management, knowledge transfer or legislation. The tendencies and consequences of recent natural disasters indicated that prevention has come to the fore globally. This approach is very important in earthquake prone areas as well. Generally, the most common measure after a devastating earthquake incident is the revision of seismic codes and declaring new design standards.
On the other hand, strengthening existing building constructions is inevitable for the mitigation of damages and prevention. Italy is one of the European countries most affected by earthquakes. The lessons learned from Italian risk management strategies and retrofitting projects for unreinforced old masonry buildings can be useful for establishing national strategies and governmental measures within the framework of public protection.
Nowadays a well-prepared army must be able not just to rapidly deploy and fight with success but also to sustain itself for a certain period in a challenging environment.
For this reason, there is no question that sustainability plays a crucial role in military operations. In addition to sustainability, there are other aspects, like reducing costs and environmental protection, which are associated as well with military activities accompanying the technology development. Sustainable development seems to be a magic expression and stands at the head of the most interesting and researched questions of all societies and organizations of science, and the army is not an exception to this tendency. The high energy consumption of modern military technology and equipment is widely known. Energy for the equipment, water for the personnel, and for both waste management. This paper examines how these ambitions, energy security and sustainability take shape in military operations.
Nowadays a well-prepared army must be able not just to rapidly deploy and fight with success but also to sustain itself for a certain period in a challenging environment.
For this reason, there is no question that sustainability plays a crucial role in military operations. In addition to sustainability, there are other aspects, like reducing costs and environmental protection, which are associated as well with military activities accompanying the technology development. Sustainable development seems to be a magic expression and stands at the head of the most interesting and researched questions of all societies and organizations of science, and the army is not an exception to this tendency. The high energy consumption of modern military technology and equipment is widely known. Energy for the equipment, water for the personnel, and for both waste management. This paper examines how these ambitions, energy security and sustainability take shape in military operations.