The study examines the right to fair procedure through administration of the township offices. It discusses the principle of the “Good State” and the main goals of the Zoltán Magyary Public Administration Development Program, which seeks to create the “Good State”. We are given an overview of the relationship between the principles of fair procedure and customer friendly public administration. The study spotlights the relation between public administration procedure and branch statutes, detailing those elements of the public administration code where the principle of fair procedure has an outstanding role. The evolution of the principle of fair administration in legal process is presented through modifications to the law regarding public administration since 2010. In addition to all this, the study summarizes the steps towards establishing the government portals and townships, in relation to township administration. It will be shown how the township administrations became key factors in validation of the right to fair administration. The study analyses what expectations were used to develop the township administrations in order that the right to fair administration be ensured as best possible at the most local level. The organizational specifics are mentioned as are those of the ‘one window administration’ service and the later government portals.
" ["hu_HU"]=> string(1389) "The study examines the right to fair procedure through administration of the township offices. It discusses the principle of the “Good State” and the main goals of the Zoltán Magyary Public Administration Development Program, which seeks to create the “Good State”. We are given an overview of the relationship between the principles of fair procedure and customer friendly public administration. The study spotlights the relation between public administration procedure and branch statutes, detailing those elements of the public administration code where the principle of fair procedure has an outstanding role. The evolution of the principle of fair administration in legal process is presented through modifications to the law regarding public administration since 2010. In addition to all this, the study summarizes the steps towards establishing the government portals and townships, in relation to township administration. It will be shown how the township administrations became key factors in validation of the right to fair administration. The study analyses what expectations were used to develop the township administrations in order that the right to fair administration be ensured as best possible at the most local level. The organizational specifics are mentioned as are those of the ‘one window administration’ service and the later government portals.
" } ["copyrightHolder"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["title"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(88) "A tisztességes ügyintézéshez való alapjog – ügyintézés a járási hivatalokban" ["hu_HU"]=> string(88) "A tisztességes ügyintézéshez való alapjog – ügyintézés a járási hivatalokban" } ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["authors"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(Author)#759 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(3566) ["email"]=> string(19) "noreply@ludovika.hu" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(3142) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["userGroupId"]=> int(235) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(0) "" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(10) "Navracsics" ["hu_HU"]=> string(10) "Navracsics" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(5) "Tibor" ["hu_HU"]=> string(5) "Tibor" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } ["keywords"]=> array(2) { ["hu_HU"]=> array(2) { [0]=> string(13) "ügyintézés" [1]=> string(18) "járási hivatalok" } ["en_US"]=> array(2) { [0]=> string(14) "administration" [1]=> string(23) "township administration" } } ["subjects"]=> array(0) { } ["disciplines"]=> array(0) { } ["languages"]=> array(0) { } ["supportingAgencies"]=> array(0) { } ["galleys"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(ArticleGalley)#772 (7) { ["_submissionFile"]=> NULL ["_data"]=> array(9) { ["submissionFileId"]=> int(8688) ["id"]=> int(2277) ["isApproved"]=> bool(false) ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["label"]=> string(3) "PDF" ["publicationId"]=> int(3142) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["urlPath"]=> string(0) "" ["urlRemote"]=> string(0) "" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(true) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) }Jó kormányzás, jó közigazgatás, jó állam és jó egyetem és jó egyetem - A Nemzeti Közszolgálati Egyetem létrehozásának és működésének egyes vonatkozásai
The National University of Public Service, operating since 2012, has as its legal and intellectual predecessor the Ludovica Academy, established in 1808 by law VII. This article seeks to summarize the most important moments and elements in the new university’s foundation and mission, that is to say the value of a good state, good government, good public service, and also takes into account the system of goal orientation. The university prepares its students for state service. The modern state is a complex and encompassing phenomenon, the workings of which are woven throughout the most varied human relationships. Without its services civilized modern life can hardly be imagined. Among the basic responsibilities of the state are the peace and security ensured by a well organized and capable military force, well ordered communities and lasting public security, the deflection of all dangers threatening the nation, a prompt fire department, the effective handling of any industrial or natural disaster threat, or the incarceration of convicted criminals and their rehabilitation into society. One could also list the fair, effective and legal workings of the authorities, which includes elements such as the fast issuance of a new passport, the fair and exact collection of taxes and other tariffs, or the organization of impartial and precise democratic elections. The providing of public services, in other words public good, and the workings of the state apparatus require continuous and high level organizational work , which needs to be prepared for and which in itself is a vocation
" ["hu_HU"]=> string(1607) "The National University of Public Service, operating since 2012, has as its legal and intellectual predecessor the Ludovica Academy, established in 1808 by law VII. This article seeks to summarize the most important moments and elements in the new university’s foundation and mission, that is to say the value of a good state, good government, good public service, and also takes into account the system of goal orientation. The university prepares its students for state service. The modern state is a complex and encompassing phenomenon, the workings of which are woven throughout the most varied human relationships. Without its services civilized modern life can hardly be imagined. Among the basic responsibilities of the state are the peace and security ensured by a well organized and capable military force, well ordered communities and lasting public security, the deflection of all dangers threatening the nation, a prompt fire department, the effective handling of any industrial or natural disaster threat, or the incarceration of convicted criminals and their rehabilitation into society. One could also list the fair, effective and legal workings of the authorities, which includes elements such as the fast issuance of a new passport, the fair and exact collection of taxes and other tariffs, or the organization of impartial and precise democratic elections. The providing of public services, in other words public good, and the workings of the state apparatus require continuous and high level organizational work , which needs to be prepared for and which in itself is a vocation.
" } ["copyrightHolder"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["subtitle"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(109) "és jó egyetem - A Nemzeti Közszolgálati Egyetem létrehozásának és működésének egyes vonatkozásai" ["hu_HU"]=> string(109) "és jó egyetem - A Nemzeti Közszolgálati Egyetem létrehozásának és működésének egyes vonatkozásai" } ["title"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(64) "Jó kormányzás, jó közigazgatás, jó állam és jó egyetem" ["hu_HU"]=> string(64) "Jó kormányzás, jó közigazgatás, jó állam és jó egyetem" } ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["authors"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(Author)#745 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(3568) ["email"]=> string(19) "noreply@ludovika.hu" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(3144) ["seq"]=> int(1) ["userGroupId"]=> int(235) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(0) "" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(5) "Patyi" ["hu_HU"]=> string(5) "Patyi" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(7) "András" ["hu_HU"]=> string(7) "András" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } ["keywords"]=> array(2) { ["hu_HU"]=> array(3) { [0]=> string(16) "Jó kormányzás" [1]=> string(10) "jó állam" [2]=> string(18) "jó közigazgatás" } ["en_US"]=> array(3) { [0]=> string(10) "good state" [1]=> string(15) "good government" [2]=> string(19) "good public service" } } ["subjects"]=> array(0) { } ["disciplines"]=> array(0) { } ["languages"]=> array(0) { } ["supportingAgencies"]=> array(0) { } ["galleys"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(ArticleGalley)#788 (7) { ["_submissionFile"]=> NULL ["_data"]=> array(9) { ["submissionFileId"]=> int(8692) ["id"]=> int(2279) ["isApproved"]=> bool(false) ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["label"]=> string(3) "PDF" ["publicationId"]=> int(3144) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["urlPath"]=> string(0) "" ["urlRemote"]=> string(0) "" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(true) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) }The object of examination in Dr. Attila Péterfalvi’s study is law LXXII of 2013, relating to the necessary modification of new laws regarding the regulations pertaining to the monitoring of national security. The author is the chairman of the National Authority for Data Protection and Freedom of Information and former commissioner of data protection, and based on this experience is a source of authentic information concerning this topic. The data handling of national security agencies has always been a topic of great sensitivity in terms of data protection and the in relation to state versus citizen. The author reviews the procedure for law enactment and the soon to be introduced new monitoring regulations, in addition to discussing and critiquing the concept of “continuous surveillance”. It speaks to the actuality of the study that the Constitutional Court, in its decision 19/2013 (VII.19), suspended some of the parts of the examined law, that came into effect August 1st 2013, as a result of a submission seeking an examination of its constitutionality, by the commissioner for fundamental rights.
" ["hu_HU"]=> string(1127) "The object of examination in Dr. Attila Péterfalvi’s study is law LXXII of 2013, relating to the necessary modification of new laws regarding the regulations pertaining to the monitoring of national security. The author is the chairman of the National Authority for Data Protection and Freedom of Information and former commissioner of data protection, and based on this experience is a source of authentic information concerning this topic. The data handling of national security agencies has always been a topic of great sensitivity in terms of data protection and the in relation to state versus citizen. The author reviews the procedure for law enactment and the soon to be introduced new monitoring regulations, in addition to discussing and critiquing the concept of “continuous surveillance”. It speaks to the actuality of the study that the Constitutional Court, in its decision 19/2013 (VII.19), suspended some of the parts of the examined law, that came into effect August 1st 2013, as a result of a submission seeking an examination of its constitutionality, by the commissioner for fundamental rights.
" } ["copyrightHolder"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["title"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(51) "A nemzetbiztonsági ellenőrzés új szabályairól" ["hu_HU"]=> string(51) "A nemzetbiztonsági ellenőrzés új szabályairól" } ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["authors"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(Author)#769 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(5811) ["email"]=> string(19) "noreply@ludovika.hu" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(3145) ["seq"]=> int(2) ["userGroupId"]=> int(235) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(0) "" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(11) "Péterfalvi" ["hu_HU"]=> string(11) "Péterfalvi" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(6) "Attila" ["hu_HU"]=> string(6) "Attila" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } ["keywords"]=> array(2) { ["hu_HU"]=> array(2) { [0]=> string(16) "nemzetbiztonság" [1]=> string(12) "ellenőrzés" } ["en_US"]=> array(2) { [0]=> string(17) "national security" [1]=> string(10) "monitoring" } } ["subjects"]=> array(0) { } ["disciplines"]=> array(0) { } ["languages"]=> array(0) { } ["supportingAgencies"]=> array(0) { } ["galleys"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(ArticleGalley)#767 (7) { ["_submissionFile"]=> NULL ["_data"]=> array(9) { ["submissionFileId"]=> int(8694) ["id"]=> int(2280) ["isApproved"]=> bool(false) ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["label"]=> string(3) "PDF" ["publicationId"]=> int(3145) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["urlPath"]=> string(0) "" ["urlRemote"]=> string(0) "" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(true) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) }A környezethez való jog értelmezése a fenntartható fejlődési stratégia és az Alaptörvény fényében
The Fundamental Law and the National Framework Strategy of Sustainable Development – adopted in 2013 – provides us with an opportunity to understand the right to environment in a wider context, beginning with the theory of sustainable development, which still has environmental considerations as its core issue. The ethical background is also a vital source of interpreting the right to environment. Here we relied on the teaching of the Catholic Church, within which the unity of rights and obligations result in our efforts to attain the public good. A basic constituent of sustainable development, generational equity, may also better be approached from the viewpoint of the right to environment. We analyse the attempts for an interpretation and visualisation of this right in the field of international cooperation, and examine the legal spectrum from the jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights to the Charter of Fundamental Rights, though they do not offer a satisfactory answer. The basic source of our domestic analysis is the practice of the Constitutional Court, which may also provide the proper basis for the interpretation of similar provisions of the Fundamental Law. The Fundamental Law, while preserving the previous constitutional solutions in the field of the right to environment, adds several new contextual elements to it, which have already been raised in connection with the international sources of sustainable development and ethical foundation, such as the robust presence of duties or the rights of future generations. We may also add human dignity, or heritage, which must also cover non material or intangible assets.
" ["hu_HU"]=> string(1670) "The Fundamental Law and the National Framework Strategy of Sustainable Development – adopted in 2013 – provides us with an opportunity to understand the right to environment in a wider context, beginning with the theory of sustainable development, which still has environmental considerations as its core issue. The ethical background is also a vital source of interpreting the right to environment. Here we relied on the teaching of the Catholic Church, within which the unity of rights and obligations result in our efforts to attain the public good. A basic constituent of sustainable development, generational equity, may also better be approached from the viewpoint of the right to environment. We analyse the attempts for an interpretation and visualisation of this right in the field of international cooperation, and examine the legal spectrum from the jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights to the Charter of Fundamental Rights, though they do not offer a satisfactory answer. The basic source of our domestic analysis is the practice of the Constitutional Court, which may also provide the proper basis for the interpretation of similar provisions of the Fundamental Law. The Fundamental Law, while preserving the previous constitutional solutions in the field of the right to environment, adds several new contextual elements to it, which have already been raised in connection with the international sources of sustainable development and ethical foundation, such as the robust presence of duties or the rights of future generations. We may also add human dignity, or heritage, which must also cover non material or intangible assets.
" } ["copyrightHolder"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["title"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(110) "A környezethez való jog értelmezése a fenntartható fejlődési stratégia és az Alaptörvény fényében" ["hu_HU"]=> string(110) "A környezethez való jog értelmezése a fenntartható fejlődési stratégia és az Alaptörvény fényében" } ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["authors"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(Author)#796 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(5812) ["email"]=> string(19) "noreply@ludovika.hu" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(3149) ["seq"]=> int(3) ["userGroupId"]=> int(235) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(0) "" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(6) "Bándi" ["hu_HU"]=> string(6) "Bándi" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(5) "Gyula" ["hu_HU"]=> string(5) "Gyula" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } ["keywords"]=> array(2) { ["hu_HU"]=> array(2) { [0]=> string(23) "környezethez való jog" [1]=> string(13) "Alaptörvény" } ["en_US"]=> array(2) { [0]=> string(20) "right to environment" [1]=> string(15) "Fundamental Law" } } ["subjects"]=> array(0) { } ["disciplines"]=> array(0) { } ["languages"]=> array(0) { } ["supportingAgencies"]=> array(0) { } ["galleys"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(ArticleGalley)#773 (7) { ["_submissionFile"]=> NULL ["_data"]=> array(9) { ["submissionFileId"]=> int(8700) ["id"]=> int(2283) ["isApproved"]=> bool(false) ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["label"]=> string(3) "PDF" ["publicationId"]=> int(3149) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["urlPath"]=> string(0) "" ["urlRemote"]=> string(0) "" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(true) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) }A biztonság mint alapvető jog Az emberi jog, szabadság és biztonság kockázatai és diszfunkció-analízise. Fenomenologikus megközelítés
This paper describes the working and reciprocal relationship between law, liberties, and security using a formal logic methodology. The basic aim is to write down precisely and make comprehensible that which is usually described verbally and with categories and relationships of uncertain parameters. This ambition is in line with current academic trends. The precise method herein used is symbolic logic, and it is with its help that we can use fundamentally mathematical deductions to understand complicated conflict situations. The paper will show that a line of thought’s counter-intuitiveness is not in opposition with its correctness nor its practical usage.
" ["hu_HU"]=> string(673) "This paper describes the working and reciprocal relationship between law, liberties, and security using a formal logic methodology. The basic aim is to write down precisely and make comprehensible that which is usually described verbally and with categories and relationships of uncertain parameters. This ambition is in line with current academic trends. The precise method herein used is symbolic logic, and it is with its help that we can use fundamentally mathematical deductions to understand complicated conflict situations. The paper will show that a line of thought’s counter-intuitiveness is not in opposition with its correctness nor its practical usage.
" } ["copyrightHolder"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["prefix"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["subtitle"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(113) "Az emberi jog, szabadság és biztonság kockázatai és diszfunkció-analízise. Fenomenologikus megközelítés" ["hu_HU"]=> string(113) "Az emberi jog, szabadság és biztonság kockázatai és diszfunkció-analízise. Fenomenologikus megközelítés" } ["title"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(31) "A biztonság mint alapvető jog" ["hu_HU"]=> string(31) "A biztonság mint alapvető jog" } ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["authors"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(Author)#800 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(3580) ["email"]=> string(19) "noreply@ludovika.hu" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(3152) ["seq"]=> int(4) ["userGroupId"]=> int(235) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(0) "" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(8) "Bukovics" ["hu_HU"]=> string(8) "Bukovics" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(7) "István" ["hu_HU"]=> string(7) "István" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } ["keywords"]=> array(2) { ["hu_HU"]=> array(2) { [0]=> string(10) "biztonság" [1]=> string(13) "alapvető jog" } ["en_US"]=> array(2) { [0]=> string(17) "fundamental right" [1]=> string(8) "security" } } ["subjects"]=> array(0) { } ["disciplines"]=> array(0) { } ["languages"]=> array(0) { } ["supportingAgencies"]=> array(0) { } ["galleys"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(ArticleGalley)#794 (7) { ["_submissionFile"]=> NULL ["_data"]=> array(9) { ["submissionFileId"]=> int(8704) ["id"]=> int(2285) ["isApproved"]=> bool(false) ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["label"]=> string(3) "PDF" ["publicationId"]=> int(3152) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["urlPath"]=> string(0) "" ["urlRemote"]=> string(0) "" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(true) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) }A megfelelő ügyintézéshez való jog a rendészetben – az ombudsmani gyakorlat kritikai elemzése
This study takes as its basis the experience of the ombudsman in relation to law enforcement cases and examines in detail discrepancies between fair procedure and the right to proper administration. It will show that though neither the Constitutional Court nor the ombudsmen have paid the question special attention there are contradictions in the content of the Fundamental Law’s (Constitution) articles XXIV and XXVIII. The author will show that adherence to the regulations of the 2004 law regarding law enforcement, including its principles, does not guarantee fair procedure since fairness is a concept which can only be established after examining the entire procedure. After analysing the practice the study draws the conclusion that the right to proper administration is characterized by subsidiarity, that is to say that insult can only be independently established if the fault of public administration had no affect on the validity of another fundamental right. An important conclusion is that there is among procedures of public administration a guaranteed minimum, one that the absolute right to so-called fiar procedure protects. This supposes a totally different qualitative level, and in examining validity different aspects have to be taken into account. This is the case where the impression of the entire procedure must seem fair. The two fundamental rights apply to two different levels of the procedure, nonetheless, if the procedure does not meet the requirements of guaranteed honest procedure, then it can not have conceptually agreed with the requirements of the right to proper public administration.
" ["hu_HU"]=> string(1635) "This study takes as its basis the experience of the ombudsman in relation to law enforcement cases and examines in detail discrepancies between fair procedure and the right to proper administration. It will show that though neither the Constitutional Court nor the ombudsmen have paid the question special attention there are contradictions in the content of the Fundamental Law’s (Constitution) articles XXIV and XXVIII. The author will show that adherence to the regulations of the 2004 law regarding law enforcement, including its principles, does not guarantee fair procedure since fairness is a concept which can only be established after examining the entire procedure. After analysing the practice the study draws the conclusion that the right to proper administration is characterized by subsidiarity, that is to say that insult can only be independently established if the fault of public administration had no affect on the validity of another fundamental right. An important conclusion is that there is among procedures of public administration a guaranteed minimum, one that the absolute right to so-called fiar procedure protects. This supposes a totally different qualitative level, and in examining validity different aspects have to be taken into account. This is the case where the impression of the entire procedure must seem fair. The two fundamental rights apply to two different levels of the procedure, nonetheless, if the procedure does not meet the requirements of guaranteed honest procedure, then it can not have conceptually agreed with the requirements of the right to proper public administration.
" } ["copyrightHolder"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["title"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(102) "A megfelelő ügyintézéshez való jog a rendészetben – az ombudsmani gyakorlat kritikai elemzése" ["hu_HU"]=> string(102) "A megfelelő ügyintézéshez való jog a rendészetben – az ombudsmani gyakorlat kritikai elemzése" } ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["authors"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(Author)#804 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(3582) ["email"]=> string(19) "noreply@ludovika.hu" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(3155) ["seq"]=> int(5) ["userGroupId"]=> int(235) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(0) "" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(5) "Hajas" ["hu_HU"]=> string(5) "Hajas" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(9) "Barnabás" ["hu_HU"]=> string(9) "Barnabás" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } ["keywords"]=> array(2) { ["hu_HU"]=> array(2) { [0]=> string(26) "ügyintézéshez való jog" [1]=> string(9) "ombudsman" } ["en_US"]=> array(2) { [0]=> string(30) "right to proper administration" [1]=> string(9) "ombudsman" } } ["subjects"]=> array(0) { } ["disciplines"]=> array(0) { } ["languages"]=> array(0) { } ["supportingAgencies"]=> array(0) { } ["galleys"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(ArticleGalley)#798 (7) { ["_submissionFile"]=> NULL ["_data"]=> array(9) { ["submissionFileId"]=> int(8707) ["id"]=> int(2286) ["isApproved"]=> bool(false) ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["label"]=> string(3) "PDF" ["publicationId"]=> int(3155) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["urlPath"]=> string(0) "" ["urlRemote"]=> string(0) "" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(true) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) }The essay investigates special procedural aspects of the principle of effective legal protection through administrative justice. It aims at showing that the present rules concerning the aim of civil procedure and the task of the court in the Code on Civil Procedure are an inadequate framework for administrative justice. The essay explores the principles of administrative justice, first, according to the requirements of the system of checks and balances underlying the Hungarian Constitution and the recent developments of administrative litigation in this relation. Secondly, it gives a panorama on the principles evolved in European Administrative Law and aims to give insights into several national regulations and/or doctrines on the special principles of administrative justice throughout Europe. The article argues on both these grounds that administrative justice cannot be restricted to ensuring the protection of the rights and interests of private persons through the logic of civil procedure, as is the actual legal situation in the Code on Civil Procedure. The constitutional role of administrative justice, the inequality of the parties, the legal complexity of administrative cases afford a special role of the court in granting immanent legal protection against the administration. The principle of effective judicial protection concentrates these aspects. Therefore, it would be helpful to have it in mind when deciding on the scope of the Code on Civil Procedure and on the new rules on the procedures of administrative courts. This way legislation would be able to consider the specialties of administrative justice and provide for an adequate new procedural framework.
" ["hu_HU"]=> string(1697) "The essay investigates special procedural aspects of the principle of effective legal protection through administrative justice. It aims at showing that the present rules concerning the aim of civil procedure and the task of the court in the Code on Civil Procedure are an inadequate framework for administrative justice. The essay explores the principles of administrative justice, first, according to the requirements of the system of checks and balances underlying the Hungarian Constitution and the recent developments of administrative litigation in this relation. Secondly, it gives a panorama on the principles evolved in European Administrative Law and aims to give insights into several national regulations and/or doctrines on the special principles of administrative justice throughout Europe. The article argues on both these grounds that administrative justice cannot be restricted to ensuring the protection of the rights and interests of private persons through the logic of civil procedure, as is the actual legal situation in the Code on Civil Procedure. The constitutional role of administrative justice, the inequality of the parties, the legal complexity of administrative cases afford a special role of the court in granting immanent legal protection against the administration. The principle of effective judicial protection concentrates these aspects. Therefore, it would be helpful to have it in mind when deciding on the scope of the Code on Civil Procedure and on the new rules on the procedures of administrative courts. This way legislation would be able to consider the specialties of administrative justice and provide for an adequate new procedural framework.
" } ["copyrightHolder"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["title"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(72) "A hatékony jogvédelem biztosítása a közigazgatási bíráskodásban" ["hu_HU"]=> string(72) "A hatékony jogvédelem biztosítása a közigazgatási bíráskodásban" } ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["authors"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(Author)#808 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(3591) ["email"]=> string(19) "noreply@ludovika.hu" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(3161) ["seq"]=> int(6) ["userGroupId"]=> int(235) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(0) "" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(8) "Rozsnyai" ["hu_HU"]=> string(8) "Rozsnyai" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(9) "Krisztina" ["hu_HU"]=> string(9) "Krisztina" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } ["keywords"]=> array(2) { ["hu_HU"]=> array(2) { [0]=> string(29) "közigazgatási bíráskodás" [1]=> string(21) "hatékony jogvédelem" } ["en_US"]=> array(2) { [0]=> string(22) "administrative justice" [1]=> string(16) "legal protection" } } ["subjects"]=> array(0) { } ["disciplines"]=> array(0) { } ["languages"]=> array(0) { } ["supportingAgencies"]=> array(0) { } ["galleys"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(ArticleGalley)#802 (7) { ["_submissionFile"]=> NULL ["_data"]=> array(9) { ["submissionFileId"]=> int(8721) ["id"]=> int(2294) ["isApproved"]=> bool(false) ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["label"]=> string(3) "PDF" ["publicationId"]=> int(3161) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["urlPath"]=> string(0) "" ["urlRemote"]=> string(0) "" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(true) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) }Egyensúlyozás – hat évig az elmélet és a gyakorlat határán? Interjú Szabó Máté leköszönő ombudsmannal hivatalának hat évéről
Dr. Attila Péterfalvi, the acting chairman of the National Authority For Data Protection and Freedom of Information, conducted a informal interview with an old colleague Prof. Dr. Máté Szabó, recently retired ombudsman, about his personal experience and the last six years. The conversation, and its subjective elements is an opportunity to glimpse behind the curtains of the everyday life of the head of a rights protection agency. What may be of even greater interest to an outsider is the background to selection and procedure. Máté Szabó speaks openly of his work as a commissioner, of the problems and frequent difficulties. He does this in the light of his recent retirement from this popular and well respected organization.
" ["hu_HU"]=> string(745) "Dr. Attila Péterfalvi, the acting chairman of the National Authority For Data Protection and Freedom of Information, conducted a informal interview with an old colleague Prof. Dr. Máté Szabó, recently retired ombudsman, about his personal experience and the last six years. The conversation, and its subjective elements is an opportunity to glimpse behind the curtains of the everyday life of the head of a rights protection agency. What may be of even greater interest to an outsider is the background to selection and procedure. Máté Szabó speaks openly of his work as a commissioner, of the problems and frequent difficulties. He does this in the light of his recent retirement from this popular and well respected organization.
" } ["copyrightHolder"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["subtitle"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(75) "Interjú Szabó Máté leköszönő ombudsmannal hivatalának hat évéről" ["hu_HU"]=> string(75) "Interjú Szabó Máté leköszönő ombudsmannal hivatalának hat évéről" } ["title"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(68) "Egyensúlyozás – hat évig az elmélet és a gyakorlat határán?" ["hu_HU"]=> string(68) "Egyensúlyozás – hat évig az elmélet és a gyakorlat határán?" } ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["authors"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(Author)#812 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(3592) ["email"]=> string(19) "noreply@ludovika.hu" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(3164) ["seq"]=> int(7) ["userGroupId"]=> int(235) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(0) "" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(11) "Péterfalvi" ["hu_HU"]=> string(11) "Péterfalvi" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(6) "Attila" ["hu_HU"]=> string(6) "Attila" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } ["keywords"]=> array(2) { ["hu_HU"]=> array(2) { [0]=> string(13) "Szabó Máté" [1]=> string(9) "ombudsman" } ["en_US"]=> array(2) { [0]=> string(13) "Máté Szabó" [1]=> string(9) "ombudsman" } } ["subjects"]=> array(0) { } ["disciplines"]=> array(0) { } ["languages"]=> array(0) { } ["supportingAgencies"]=> array(0) { } ["galleys"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(ArticleGalley)#806 (7) { ["_submissionFile"]=> NULL ["_data"]=> array(9) { ["submissionFileId"]=> int(8724) ["id"]=> int(2296) ["isApproved"]=> bool(false) ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["label"]=> string(3) "PDF" ["publicationId"]=> int(3164) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["urlPath"]=> string(0) "" ["urlRemote"]=> string(0) "" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(true) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) }In 2013 the Constitutional Court delivered several important decisions concerning the interpretation of the Fundamental Law. It ruled that where a provision of the Fundamental Law is identical with that of the Constitution and the frames of interpretation do not call for a deviation from the previous practice, the Constitutional Court may invoke the statements elaborated in its previous rulings in order to interpret the Fundamental Law. In a case concerning the right of assembly the Constitutional Court, for the first time, overturned a court decision and it gave guidance for the courts in case the police – respecting an agreement on the use of public area – declare lack of competence as to the application for acquiescence. In two decisions the Constitutional Court made up constitutional guidance deriving from the principle of rule of law and the right to legal remedy concerning rules on tax treatment (legal status of the person obliged to pay tax). It dealt with the constitutional requirements deriving from the publicity of data of public interest in connection with access to reports containing data forming the base of decisions-making, and the constitutionality of the elimination of retirements granted before the age limit and the tasks of the police to accompany straggling, that is to say truant, children back to the schools. The Court gave opinion as to the dissolution of a representative body, the operation of which is in conflict with the Fundamental Law.
" ["hu_HU"]=> string(1496) "In 2013 the Constitutional Court delivered several important decisions concerning the interpretation of the Fundamental Law. It ruled that where a provision of the Fundamental Law is identical with that of the Constitution and the frames of interpretation do not call for a deviation from the previous practice, the Constitutional Court may invoke the statements elaborated in its previous rulings in order to interpret the Fundamental Law. In a case concerning the right of assembly the Constitutional Court, for the first time, overturned a court decision and it gave guidance for the courts in case the police – respecting an agreement on the use of public area – declare lack of competence as to the application for acquiescence. In two decisions the Constitutional Court made up constitutional guidance deriving from the principle of rule of law and the right to legal remedy concerning rules on tax treatment (legal status of the person obliged to pay tax). It dealt with the constitutional requirements deriving from the publicity of data of public interest in connection with access to reports containing data forming the base of decisions-making, and the constitutionality of the elimination of retirements granted before the age limit and the tasks of the police to accompany straggling, that is to say truant, children back to the schools. The Court gave opinion as to the dissolution of a representative body, the operation of which is in conflict with the Fundamental Law.
" } ["copyrightHolder"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["title"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(43) "Alapjogi jogesetek – Alkotmánybíróság" ["hu_HU"]=> string(43) "Alapjogi jogesetek – Alkotmánybíróság" } ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["authors"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(Author)#816 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(3595) ["email"]=> string(19) "noreply@ludovika.hu" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(3166) ["seq"]=> int(8) ["userGroupId"]=> int(235) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(0) "" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(8) "Köblös" ["hu_HU"]=> string(8) "Köblös" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(5) "Adél" ["hu_HU"]=> string(5) "Adél" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } ["keywords"]=> array(2) { ["hu_HU"]=> array(2) { [0]=> string(20) "Alkotmánybíróság" [1]=> string(7) "Alapjog" } ["en_US"]=> array(2) { [0]=> string(20) "constitutional court" [1]=> string(15) "Fundamental Law" } } ["subjects"]=> array(0) { } ["disciplines"]=> array(0) { } ["languages"]=> array(0) { } ["supportingAgencies"]=> array(0) { } ["galleys"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(ArticleGalley)#810 (7) { ["_submissionFile"]=> NULL ["_data"]=> array(9) { ["submissionFileId"]=> int(8728) ["id"]=> int(2298) ["isApproved"]=> bool(false) ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["label"]=> string(3) "PDF" ["publicationId"]=> int(3166) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["urlPath"]=> string(0) "" ["urlRemote"]=> string(0) "" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(true) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) }Act no CLXI of 2011 on the Organisation and Administration of the Courts and Act no CLXII of 2011 on the Legal Status and Remuneration of Judges provided the legal background for the implementation of comprehensive judicial reforms, aiming at improving the efficiency of the judiciary and modernising adjudication activities, as envisaged by the Fundamental Law of Hungary, the country’s new constitutional act which entered into force on 1 January 2012. Within the framework of the above reforms, the Curia of Hungary was set up as the legal successor of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Hungary. As of 1 January 2012, the Curia, as the highest instance judicial body of the country, has been given extended powers to better ensure the uniform application of law and to review the legality of municipal decrees. In 2013, the Curia rendered important decisions in respect to the following fundamental rights: right to the protection of good reputation [Article VI, paragraph (1) of the
Fundamental Law], right to access and disseminate data of public interest [Article VI, paragraph (2) of the Fundamental Law], right to freedom of thought and expression and right to the freedom and diversity of the press [Article IX, paragraphs (1) (2) of the Fundamental Law], right to decent housing [Article XXII, paragraph (1) of the Fundamental Law], right to participate in national referenda [Article XXIII, paragraph (7) of the Fundamental Law], right to have one’s affairs administered by the authorities in an impartial, fair and reasonably timely manner and right to a fair court trial [Article XXIV, paragraph (1) and Article XXVIII, paragraph (1) of the Fundamental Law], right to legal defence in criminal matters [Article XXVIII, paragraph (3) of the Fundamental Law], right to seek legal remedy [Article XXVIII, paragraph (7) of the Fundamental Law], and right to proportional taxation [Article XXX, paragraph (1) of the Fundamental Law].
Act no CLXI of 2011 on the Organisation and Administration of the Courts and Act no CLXII of 2011 on the Legal Status and Remuneration of Judges provided the legal background for the implementation of comprehensive judicial reforms, aiming at improving the efficiency of the judiciary and modernising adjudication activities, as envisaged by the Fundamental Law of Hungary, the country’s new constitutional act which entered into force on 1 January 2012. Within the framework of the above reforms, the Curia of Hungary was set up as the legal successor of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Hungary. As of 1 January 2012, the Curia, as the highest instance judicial body of the country, has been given extended powers to better ensure the uniform application of law and to review the legality of municipal decrees. In 2013, the Curia rendered important decisions in respect to the following fundamental rights: right to the protection of good reputation [Article VI, paragraph (1) of the Fundamental Law], right to access and disseminate data of public interest [Article VI, paragraph (2) of the Fundamental Law], right to freedom of thought and expression and right to the freedom and diversity of the press [Article IX, paragraphs (1) (2) of the Fundamental Law], right to decent housing [Article XXII, paragraph (1) of the Fundamental Law], right to participate in national referenda [Article XXIII, paragraph (7) of the Fundamental Law], right to have one’s affairs administered by the authorities in an impartial, fair and reasonably timely manner and right to a fair court trial [Article XXIV, paragraph (1) and Article XXVIII, paragraph (1) of the Fundamental Law], right to legal defence in criminal matters [Article XXVIII, paragraph (3) of the Fundamental Law], right to seek legal remedy [Article XXVIII, paragraph (7) of the Fundamental Law], and right to proportional taxation [Article XXX, paragraph (1) of the Fundamental Law].
" } ["copyrightHolder"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["title"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(29) "Alapjogi jogesetek – Kúria" ["hu_HU"]=> string(29) "Alapjogi jogesetek – Kúria" } ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["authors"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(Author)#820 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(3597) ["email"]=> string(19) "noreply@ludovika.hu" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(3168) ["seq"]=> int(9) ["userGroupId"]=> int(235) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(0) "" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(6) "Berkes" ["hu_HU"]=> string(6) "Berkes" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(7) "Bálint" ["hu_HU"]=> string(7) "Bálint" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } ["keywords"]=> array(2) { ["hu_HU"]=> array(2) { [0]=> string(7) "Alapjog" [1]=> string(6) "Kúria" } ["en_US"]=> array(2) { [0]=> string(15) "FUNDAMENTAL LAW" [1]=> string(5) "Curia" } } ["subjects"]=> array(0) { } ["disciplines"]=> array(0) { } ["languages"]=> array(0) { } ["supportingAgencies"]=> array(0) { } ["galleys"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(ArticleGalley)#814 (7) { ["_submissionFile"]=> NULL ["_data"]=> array(9) { ["submissionFileId"]=> int(8733) ["id"]=> int(2301) ["isApproved"]=> bool(false) ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["label"]=> string(3) "PDF" ["publicationId"]=> int(3168) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["urlPath"]=> string(0) "" ["urlRemote"]=> string(0) "" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(true) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) }The article, the first part of a series, intends to give information about the case-law of the European Court of Human Rights. It summarises some of the most important developments in this field during the second half of 2013. Furthermore it describes the modifications brought about by Protocols No. 15 and 16 to the Convention (among others, the reduction of the six month time-limit to four months and the possibility of the highest courts to request advisory opinions). The article briefly examines Hungarian cases on the 98 percent taxation and the dissolution of the Magyar Gárda. It also presents cases from other countries, which made a significant contribution to the development of the Convention’s case-law in this period: cases about whole life term imprisonment, the Katyń massacre, airport security checks and asylum proceedings, the use of teargas canisters, in addition to other cases about different aspects of fair trial rights, the principle of nulla poena sine lege or the freedom of association as well as cases related to the European Union law.
" ["hu_HU"]=> string(1078) "The article, the first part of a series, intends to give information about the case-law of the European Court of Human Rights. It summarises some of the most important developments in this field during the second half of 2013. Furthermore it describes the modifications brought about by Protocols No. 15 and 16 to the Convention (among others, the reduction of the six month time-limit to four months and the possibility of the highest courts to request advisory opinions). The article briefly examines Hungarian cases on the 98 percent taxation and the dissolution of the Magyar Gárda. It also presents cases from other countries, which made a significant contribution to the development of the Convention’s case-law in this period: cases about whole life term imprisonment, the Katyń massacre, airport security checks and asylum proceedings, the use of teargas canisters, in addition to other cases about different aspects of fair trial rights, the principle of nulla poena sine lege or the freedom of association as well as cases related to the European Union law.
" } ["copyrightHolder"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["prefix"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["subtitle"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["title"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(70) "Alapjogi jogesetek – a strasbourgi Emberi Jogok Európai Bírósága" ["hu_HU"]=> string(70) "Alapjogi jogesetek – a strasbourgi Emberi Jogok Európai Bírósága" } ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["authors"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(Author)#824 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(15) { ["id"]=> int(3610) ["email"]=> string(19) "noreply@ludovika.hu" ["includeInBrowse"]=> bool(true) ["publicationId"]=> int(3170) ["seq"]=> int(10) ["userGroupId"]=> int(235) ["country"]=> string(2) "HU" ["orcid"]=> string(0) "" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["affiliation"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["biography"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["familyName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(8) "Mohácsi" ["hu_HU"]=> string(8) "Mohácsi" } ["givenName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(6) "Máté" ["hu_HU"]=> string(6) "Máté" } ["preferredPublicName"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(0) "" ["hu_HU"]=> string(0) "" } ["submissionLocale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } ["keywords"]=> array(2) { ["hu_HU"]=> array(2) { [0]=> string(33) "Emberi Jogok Európai Bírósága" [1]=> string(10) "Strasbourg" } ["en_US"]=> array(2) { [0]=> string(30) "EUROPEAN COURT OF HUMAN RIGHTS" [1]=> string(10) "Strasbourg" } } ["subjects"]=> array(0) { } ["disciplines"]=> array(0) { } ["languages"]=> array(0) { } ["supportingAgencies"]=> array(0) { } ["galleys"]=> array(1) { [0]=> object(ArticleGalley)#818 (7) { ["_submissionFile"]=> NULL ["_data"]=> array(9) { ["submissionFileId"]=> int(8736) ["id"]=> int(2303) ["isApproved"]=> bool(false) ["locale"]=> string(5) "hu_HU" ["label"]=> string(3) "PDF" ["publicationId"]=> int(3170) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["urlPath"]=> string(0) "" ["urlRemote"]=> string(0) "" } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(true) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) } } } ["_hasLoadableAdapters"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataExtractionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_extractionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) ["_metadataInjectionAdapters"]=> array(0) { } ["_injectionAdaptersLoaded"]=> bool(false) }The European Court of Justice has recently given two important judgments on the protection of fundamental rights, namely the right of defence and to effective judicial protection, of persons suspected of being associated with terrorism. In the ‘Kadi II’ case, the Court recognised, first of all, the right of these persons to be informed of the reasons underpinning a decision of an EU authority (Council or Commission) to impose financial sanctions on them. The Court then specified the rules concerning the treatment, in the event of a challenge to such a decision before the EU Courts, of information and evidence that are necessary to assess whether the reasons mentioned are well founded. In this context, the Court made it clear that if the contested decision is based on confidential information, this should also be disclosed to the EU Courts, which shall base their ruling
solely on evidence which has actually been produced before them. The Court acknowledged nevertheless that security considerations may preclude the disclosure of some information or evidence to the person concerned. In this regard, it
set out that it is for the EU Courts to decide whether the security reasons invoked by the EU authority preclude actually that disclosure, and if so, whether the failure to disclose confidential information to the person concerned affects its probative value. In the ZZ case, where an EU citizen was refused entry into a Member State for being involved in terrorism, the Court established similar principles that should be followed in procedures before national authorities and courts.
The European Court of Justice has recently given two important judgments on the protection of fundamental rights, namely the right of defence and to effective judicial protection, of persons suspected of being associated with terrorism. In the ‘Kadi II’ case, the Court recognised, first of all, the right of these persons to be informed of the reasons underpinning a decision of an EU authority (Council or Commission) to impose financial sanctions on them. The Court then specified the rules concerning the treatment, in the event of a challenge to such a decision before the EU Courts, of information and evidence that are necessary to assess whether the reasons mentioned are well founded. In this context, the Court made it clear that if the contested decision is based on confidential information, this should also be disclosed to the EU Courts, which shall base their ruling
solely on evidence which has actually been produced before them. The Court acknowledged nevertheless that security considerations may preclude the disclosure of some information or evidence to the person concerned. In this regard, it
set out that it is for the EU Courts to decide whether the security reasons invoked by the EU authority preclude actually that disclosure, and if so, whether the failure to disclose confidential information to the person concerned affects its probative value. In the ZZ case, where an EU citizen was refused entry into a Member State for being involved in terrorism, the Court established similar principles that should be followed in procedures before national authorities and courts.