Alexander Dugin’s Political and State Theory – Vision of a Multipolar World Order

Abstract

This paper summarises the recent researches of the author on the political philosophy of Alexander Dugin. Its first aim is to clarify that the “idea of the good state” for Dugin is inseparable from the primary ambition of today Russia which is the radical transformation of the “unipolar world order” symbolised by the USA. The vision of a “multi-polar world order” developed by Dugin wants to offer a synthesis of highly different intellectual and cultural traditions in a more or less coherent theory. Its most important sources are Pan-Slavism, different versions of the classic Eurasian movement, and representatives of the German idea of the conservative revolution in the 1920s (Carl Schmitt, Oswald Spengler), and the father of modern geopolitics, Karl Haushofer. At the same time, altermondialiste (anti-globalist) ideas of today’s new right theorists usually appear in Dugin’s argumentation, as well. In Dugin’s view, the main task of the Russian state is the realisation of a bearable world order as the “leader state” of the tellurocratic (mainland) civilisation, against the thalassocratic (seaborne) civilisation of the USA which, in his opinion, intends to lead humankind into chaos. The aim of the present paper is to offer an objective evaluation of one of the most disputed political thinkers in our epoch.