From Classic Biometrics and Biostatistics to Automatic Biometric Personal Identity Control

The Way to Artificial Intelligence

Abstract

Until the end of the 20^th century, biometrics methods were widely used typically within the framework of processes and procedures related to public administration, law enforcement, and border protection. However, our biometric features and characteristics are now used for identity verification in many areas and for very different purposes. The study presents the relationship of biometrics with different sciences, the process by which biometrics uses the relevant results of biostatistics, mathematics, biology and life science. The paper describes the various evolutionary definitions of biometrics and outlines the historical development process during which the different methods of biometrics were investigated and applied in the field of law enforcement, and as biometric methods reached a new level with the development of computer technology and the application of artificial intelligence. It analyzes various biometric features, properties and method selection criteria and presents the role of artificial intelligence. It draws attention to the correct interpretation of biometric identity verification, authentication and recognition, and to the regulatory and ethical problems of the topic that have yet to be resolved.