The Analysis of Small- and Medium-sized Enterprises in the European Defence Industry from a Contingency Theory Perspective
Copyright (c) 2024 Mészáros Alexandra
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Abstract
According to contingency theory, an organization’s performance depends on the changes in the environment, therefore there is no pre-determined strategy that every business can
apply, but it is necessary to continuously adapt to dynamically changing environmental factors. Maintaining the local defence industry is of strategic importance for every European country where small and medium-sized enterprises play a prominent role in the development of innovative technologies. The research aims to identify which external and internal contingency variables have a relevant impact on the operation of innovative small and medium-sized enterprises in the current geopolitical environment. Data were collected
through semi-structured in-depth interviews and analysed with qualitative content analysis. In the current environment, geopolitical conflicts, intense market demand, supply problems in the field of raw materials and defence equipment, dynamic technological development, and national efforts to develop the defence industry are some of the contingency factors that affect businesses. The results provide a framework for management to formulate an effective strategy.
Keywords:
How to Cite
References
Abdulwahab Ádám – Pandurics Anett – Ugrai Péter (1997): Vállalati és vállalatközi integráció. Budapest: Budapesti Közgazdaságtudományi Egyetem.
Alves, Marcelo Wilson Furlan Matos et al. (2017): Contingency Theory, Climate Change, and Low-carbon Operations Management. Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, 22(3), 223–236. Online: https://doi.org/10.1108/SCM- 09-2016-0311
Betts, Stephen C. (2003): Contingency Theory: Science Or Technology? Journal of Business & Economics Research, 1(18), 123–130. Online: https://doi.org/10.19030/ jber.v1i8.3044
Bodoróczki János (2019): A magyar különleges erők – 035 (2. rész). Biztonságpolitikai, hadseregszervezeti és technológiai kutatások elemzése. Hadmérnök, 14(2), 56–73. Online: https://doi.org/10.32567/hm.2019.2.5
Child, John (1981): Culture, Contingency and Capitalism in the Cross-national Study of Organizations. Research in Organizational Behavior: An Annual Series of Analytical Essays and Critical Reviews, 3, Amsterdam: Elsevier, 303–356.
Donaldson, Lex (2001): The Contingency Theory of Organizations.New York: Sage Publications. Online: https://doi.org/10.4135/9781452229249
Durakovic, Benjamin – Trgo, Erwin (2020): Perspectives and the Role of Bosnian Defense Industry in National Innovation System. Defense and Security Studies, 1, 26–33. Online: https://doi.org/10.37868/dss.v1.id145
Engelseth, Per – Kritchanchai, Duangpun (2018): Innovation in Healthcare Services – Creating a Combined Contingency Theory and Ecosystems Approach. International Conference on Industrial and System Engineering (IConISE), 337(012022), 1–8. Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia. Online: https://doi.org/10.1088/1757- 899X/337/1/012022
Farkas Ferenc – Balogh Gábor – Rideg András (2015): Menedzsment alapvetések és funkciók.Pécs: Pécsi Tudományegyetem.
Galbraith, Jay (1973): Designing Complex Organizations.Boston: Addison-Wesley Pub. Co.
Gresov, Christopher (1989): Exploring Fit and Misfit with Multiple Contingen¬cies. Administrative Science Quarterly, 34(3), 431–453. Online: https://doi. org/10.2307/2393152
Hamilton, R. T. – Shergill, G. S. (1992): The Relationship Between Strategy-Structure Fit and Financial Performance in New Zealand: Evidence of Generality and Validity with Enhanced Controls. Journal of Management Studies, 29(1), 95–113. Online: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6486.1992.tb00654.x
Hayes, David C. (1977): The Contingency Theory of Managerial Accounting. The Accounting Review, 52(1), 22–39.
Hegedűs Ernő – Gyarmati József (2022): A haditechnikai kutatás-fejlesztés helye, szerepe és sajátosságai. Hadmérnök, 17(2), 17–32. Online: https://doi.org/10.32567/ hm.2022.2.2
Islam, Jesmin – Hu, Hui (2012): A Review of Literature on Contingency Theory in Manage¬rial Accounting. African Journal of Business Management, 6(15), 5159–5164. Online: https://doi.org/10.5897/AJBM11.2764
Kim, Se Yong – Kim, Yeek Hyun (2021): A Study on the Understanding of the Analysis of the Future Operational Environment for Smart Defense Innovation and the Application of the ROK MND, 스마트 국방혁신을 위한 미래 작전환경 분 석의 이해와 군 적용방안에 대한 고찰. Journal of Information Technology Services (한국IT서비스학회지), 20(1), 55–65. Online: https://doi.org/10.9716/ KITS.2021.20.1.055
Kleinheksel, A. J. et al. (2020): Demystifying Content Analysis. American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, 84(1), 127–137. Online: https://doi.org/10.5688/ajpe7113
Koronváry Péter – Szegedi Péter – Tóth József (2015): Kutatás és képzés – módszertani felvetések az elvárások és a képzési portfólió összehangolására a repülőműszaki képzésben. Hadmérnök, 10(4), 237–246.
Kurç, Çağlar – Neuman, Stephanie G. (2017): Defence Industries in the 21st Century: A Comparative Analysis. Defence Studies, 17(3), 219–227. Online: https://doi.org /10.1080/14702436.2017.1350105
Kyngäs, Helvi (2020): Inductive Content Analysis. In Kyngäs, H. – Mikkonen, K. – Kääriäinen, M. (szerk.): The Application of Content Analysis in Nursing Science Research.Cham: Springer, 13–21. Online: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030- 30199-6_2
Llewellyn, Sue (1994): Managing the Boundary: How Accounting is Implicated in Maintaining the Organization. Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal, 7(4), 4–23. Online: https://doi.org/10.1108/09513579410069821
Mănescu, Gabriel – Stan, Sebastian-Emanuel (2021): The Influence of Disruptive Technologies on the Preparation of the National Economy and of the Territory for Defense. International Conference Knowledge-based Organization, 27(1), 204–209. Online: https://doi.org/10.2478/kbo-2021-0031
Mintzberg, Henry (1979): The Structuring of Organizations.London: Pearson.
Morris, Allen (2015): A Practical Introduction to In-depth Interviewing.London: Sage Publications. Online: https://doi.org/10.4135/9781473921344
Nagy Andor (2018): Az automatizált tartalomelemzés megvalósíthatósága. Könyvtári Figyelő, 1(1), 32–44.
Okun, Olcay – Arun, Korhan (2021): Entrepreneurship and Intrapreneurship as Innovation Source in the Defense Industry and Military. In Ojo, Sanya (szerk.): Global Perspectives on Military Entrepreneurship and Innovation.Nigeria: Nigerian Defence Academy, 190–215. Online: https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-6655-8
Otley, David (2016): The Contingency Theory of Management Accounting and Control: 1980–2014. Management Accounting Research, 31, 45–62. Online: https://doi. org/10.1016/j.mar.2016.02.001
Pellegrino, Massimo (2015): The Threat of State-sponsored Industrial Espionage.European Union Institute for Security Studies, 1–2. Online: https://doi. org/10.2815/184955
Saldaña, Johnny (2021): The Coding Manual for Qualitative Researchers.London: Sage Publications.
Scanlan, Camilla L. (2020): Preparing for the Unanticipated: Challenges in Conducting Semi-Structured, In-Depth Interviews.London: Sage Publications. Online: https:// doi.org/10.4135/9781529719208
Taksás Balázs (2017): Hadiipari kutatások jelentősége. Hadmérnök, 12(3), 167–174.
Tosi, Henry – Slocum, John (1984): Contingency Theory: Some Sugges¬ted Directions. Journal of Management, 10(1), 9–26. Online: https://doi. org/10.1177/014920638401000103
Wong, Christina W. Y – Lai, Kee-hung – Cheng, T. C. E. (2011): Value of Information Integration to Supply Chain Management: Roles of Internal and External Contingencies. Journal of Management Information Systems, 28(3), 161–200. Online: https://doi.org/10.2753/MIS0742-1222280305