Comparison of the Protection of Critical Healthcare Infrastructures in Germany and Hungary
Copyright (c) 2024 Mészáros István
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Absztrakt
In 2008, the European Union regulated the basics of the protection of critical infrastructures in a directive. The Member States therefore had to ensure that – in addition to the freedom of the method and means of implementation – the provisions of the directive were transposed into their national legal order. Accordingly, some Member States may define different detailed rules. The detailed rules related to the protection of critical infrastructures (e.g. the designation thresholds) are not public in several Member States, but in Germany and Hungary they have been recorded at the legislative level. In my study, I compare the rules related to the protection of critical healthcare infrastructures, including inpatient care institutions, primarily based on legal sources and the experiences of my study tour in Germany, from the selection criteria system to crisis planning. The good practices resulting from the differences and similarities to be discovered can help to revise and standardise the rules and practices related to the protection of critical health infrastructures.
Kulcsszavak:
Hogyan kell idézni
Hivatkozások
Bundesamt für Bevölkerungsschutz und Katastrophenhilfe (BBK) (2020): Handbuch Krankenhausalarm- und -einsatzplanung (KAEP). Online: https://www.bbk.bund.de/SharedDocs/Downloads/DE/Mediathek/Publikationen/Gesundheit/KAEP/handbuch-kaep.pdf?__blob=publicationFile&v=15
Bundesministerium des Innern (2011): Schutz Kritischer Infrastrukturen – Risiko- und Krisenmanagement. Online: https://www.bbk.bund.de/SharedDocs/Downloads/DE/Mediathek/Publikationen/KRITIS/bmi-schutz-kritis-risiko-und-krisenmanagement.pdf?__blob=publicationFile&v=12
Bundesministerium des Innern und für Heimat (2023): Entwurf eines Gesetzes zur Umsetzung der CER-Richtlinie und zur Stärkung der Resilienz kritischer Anlagen. 28 June, 2023. Online: https://www.bmi.bund.de/SharedDocs/gesetzgebungsverfahren/DE/KRITIS-DachG.html
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Legal references
Act CLIV of 1997 on healthcare
Act CLXVI of 2012 on the identification, designation and protection of essetial systems and facilities
Act L of 2013 on the electronic information security of state and local government bodies
Act on the Federal Office for Information Security – BSIG
Commission of the European Communities (2005): Green Paper on the European Program for the Protection of European Critical Infrastructures. COM (2005) 576 final.
Decree for determining critical infrastructures according to the BSI-Act – BSI-KritisV
European Council Directive 2008/114/EC (December 8, 2008) on the identification and designation of European critical infrastructures and the assessment of the need to improve their protection
European Parliament and Council Directive 2022/2557 on the resilience of critical organisations and the repeal of Council Directive 2008/114/EC (CER Directive)
Government Decree 65/2013 (8.III.) on the implementation of the Act CLXVI of 2012 on the identification, designation and protection of essential systems and facilities
Government Decree 521/2013 (30.XII.) on health crisis care
Government Decree 246/2015 (8.IX.) on the identification, designation and protection of essential healthcare systems and facilities
Decree 43/2014. (19.VIII.) of the Ministry of Human Resources on the content requirements of the health crisis plans of health institutions and on the amendment of certain ministerial decrees on health matters