Bridging the Digital Divide: Pathways to a Competitive and Resilient European Union
Copyright (c) 2025 Fási Csaba, Szűcs Petra
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Abstract
Digitalisation is a key driver of economic transformation, influencing productivity, competitiveness and social inclusion across the European Union (EU). This study examines the macroeconomic impact of digitalisation, focusing on digital skills, digital business integration, digital infrastructures and the digitalisation of public services. The research explores the correlation between digitalisation and economic growth indicators such as labour productivity, gross value added (GVA) and exports, offering a comprehensive analysis of the EU’s digital transition. Previous studies highlight the role of digitalisation in fostering innovation and improving efficiency, particularly through the integration of advanced technologies and digital infrastructures. However, digital disparities among EU Member States remain a challenge, necessitating coordinated policies to bridge the digital divide and ensure equitable access to digital benefits. This study contributes to the existing literature by analysing these disparities and assessing how digital transformation can support economic convergence and sustainability goals in the EU. Using a systematic review of academic literature and macroeconomic data, the study identifies key factors that drive digital competitiveness. Findings indicate that digital skills development, business digitalisation and strategic investments in digital infrastructure significantly enhance economic performance. Furthermore, digital public services play a crucial role in social inclusion, particularly in addressing youth unemployment and ensuring equitable access to opportunities. The results underscore the need for targeted policies that promote digital adoption across all EU regions, ensuring that the benefits of digitalisation extend beyond leading economies. By aligning digital strategies with broader economic and sustainability objectives, the EU can enhance its global competitiveness while fostering inclusive and resilient growth.
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