object(Publication)#692 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(24) { ["id"]=> int(1642) ["accessStatus"]=> int(0) ["datePublished"]=> string(10) "2018-09-30" ["lastModified"]=> string(19) "2020-05-08 19:41:03" ["sectionId"]=> int(49) ["seq"]=> int(0) ["submissionId"]=> int(1525) ["status"]=> int(3) ["version"]=> int(1) ["categoryIds"]=> array(0) { } ["copyrightYear"]=> int(2018) ["issueId"]=> int(110) ["pages"]=> string(6) "3–14" ["abstract"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(939) "

Current events have shown that we have to increasingly expect a massive population displacement originating especially from the Middle East and Africa. The civilization crisis caused by the refugees and economic migrants becomes unmanageable when their numbers reach a critical mass. The vast majority of the asylum seekers arriving to Europe come from countries which are not considered war zones based on the UN Refugee Convention, so they must leave the European Union after their application has been examined, but there is no sufficient police force and financial resource to control this process.In this paper some European attempts aiming at the solution of the problems arising in the wake of the enormous 2015 wave of refugees are outlined based on a few relevant examples, and by examining possible sites outside the continent, an attempt is made to suggest a solution of the problem of hosting and care of asylum seekers.

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Current events have shown that we have to increasingly expect a massive population displacement originating especially from the Middle East and Africa. The civilization crisis caused by the refugees and economic migrants becomes unmanageable when their numbers reach a critical mass. The vast majority of the asylum seekers arriving to Europe come from countries which are not considered war zones based on the UN Refugee Convention, so they must leave the European Union after their application has been examined, but there is no sufficient police force and financial resource to control this process.In this paper some European attempts aiming at the solution of the problems arising in the wake of the enormous 2015 wave of refugees are outlined based on a few relevant examples, and by examining possible sites outside the continent, an attempt is made to suggest a solution of the problem of hosting and care of asylum seekers.

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PDF (English)
object(Publication)#117 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(24) { ["id"]=> int(1646) ["accessStatus"]=> int(0) ["datePublished"]=> string(10) "2018-09-30" ["lastModified"]=> string(19) "2020-05-08 19:41:59" ["sectionId"]=> int(49) ["seq"]=> int(1) ["submissionId"]=> int(1529) ["status"]=> int(3) ["version"]=> int(1) ["categoryIds"]=> array(0) { } ["copyrightYear"]=> int(2018) ["issueId"]=> int(110) ["pages"]=> string(7) "15–40" ["abstract"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(1024) "

The optimal dislocation of firefighting and technical rescue units, if simplified, means that fire brigades in charge of interventions throughout the country are capable of commencing their operations with the required manpower and equipment within nearly identical response times in order to protect the lives and physical integrity and property of citizens and both natural and artificial environments. Ensuring the required set of criteria to this end entail interconnected questions of technical, organisational, public administration, societal and last but least economic factors.The author of this publication has undertaken a proposal for the territorial and organisational solution of the foregoing through examining the key factors defining optimal dislocation.
The work was created in commission of the National University of Public Service under the priority project KÖFOP-2.1.2-VEKOP-15-2016-00001 titled „Public Service Development Establishing Good Governance” in Győző Concha Doctoral Program

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A mentő tűzvédelem, a tűzoltás és műszaki mentés optimális diszlokációja leegyszerűsítve azt jelenti, hogy a beavatkozást végző tűzoltó egységek az ország területén bárhol, közel azonos idő alatt kiérkezve, a szükséges erőkkel és eszközökkel meg tudják kezdeni a tevékenységüket, az állampolgárok élete, testi épsége és anyagi javaik, továbbá a természeti és az épített környezet védelme érdekében. Az ehhez szükséges feltételrendszer biztosítása műszaki, szervezeti, közigazgatási, társadalmi és nem utolsó sorban gazdasági tényezők egymással összefüggő kérdéseit veti fel. A szerző közleményében arra vállalkozott, hogy az optimális diszlokációt meghatározó szempontok vizsgálatával javaslatot tegyen annak szervezeti és területi szintű megoldására.

A mű a KÖFOP 2.1.2-VEKOP-15-2016-00001 azonosítószámú, „A jó kormányzást megalapozó közszolgálatfejlesztés” elnevezésű kiemelt projekt keretében, a Nemzeti Közszolgálati Egyetem felkérésére a Concha Győző Doktori Program keretében készült."

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PDF
object(Publication)#187 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(24) { ["id"]=> int(1650) ["accessStatus"]=> int(0) ["datePublished"]=> string(10) "2018-09-30" ["lastModified"]=> string(19) "2020-05-08 19:42:35" ["sectionId"]=> int(49) ["seq"]=> int(2) ["submissionId"]=> int(1533) ["status"]=> int(3) ["version"]=> int(1) ["categoryIds"]=> array(0) { } ["copyrightYear"]=> int(2018) ["issueId"]=> int(110) ["pages"]=> string(7) "41–51" ["abstract"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(735) "

The checking requirements of the transportation, handling and storing of industrial gas vessels are not only one Authority responsibility in Hungary. The different kind of checking’s can be down by the producer, end user, user or by the National Disaster Management Authority. The criteria of compliance is dedicated by the Acts, laws, standards what have to use by the traders and end users. Because of the different requirements can be observed contradictions to the transportation, fixing and storage which are generate difficulties to keep adequacy. The main scope of the article is to reveal contradictions to ensure requirements by safety (labour and fire), health (industrial hygiene included) and explosion protection.

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Az ipari gázpalackok szállításának, tárolásának és kezelésének szabályszerűségét érintő ellenőrzése Magyarországon több szakhatóság tevékenységét érintő feladat. A megfelelőség ellenőrzésére vonatkozólag történhet gyártói, munkavédelmi, katasztrófavédelmi, illetve iparbiztonsági ellenőrzés formájában. A megfelelés törvényi, rendeleti, szabályzati, szabványi előírások szintjén jelenik meg a gyártói, forgalmazói, felhasználói szinteken. Az előírások ismeretében, a mindennapi, gázpalackokat érintő tevékenységek (szállítás, rögzítés, tárolás) során, különböző ellentmondásokkal találkozhatunk a hétköznapi tevékenységeink során. A cikk szerzője ezen ellentmondásokra kíván rávilágítani a biztonság, a balesetmentes munkavégzés, illetve a tűz-és robbanás elleni védelem megvalósulása érdekében.

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PDF

Industrial Accident's Prevention in Hungary

Cséplő Zoltán, Kátai-Urbán Lajos
52–58.
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In our days it is especially important and a complex task at the same time to protect the public on high level. Industrial safety embraces amongst others the supervision of dangerous establishments. The authors of this article analyse the international regulation in the field of the prevention of major accidents, their application in Hungarian legal system for industrial safety.

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In our days it is especially important and a complex task at the same time to protect the public on high level. Industrial safety embraces amongst others the supervision of dangerous establishments. The authors of this article analyse the international regulation in the field of the prevention of major accidents, their application in Hungarian legal system for industrial safety.

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PDF (English)
object(Publication)#112 (6) { ["_data"]=> array(24) { ["id"]=> int(1659) ["accessStatus"]=> int(0) ["datePublished"]=> string(10) "2018-09-30" ["lastModified"]=> string(19) "2020-05-08 19:43:55" ["sectionId"]=> int(49) ["seq"]=> int(4) ["submissionId"]=> int(1542) ["status"]=> int(3) ["version"]=> int(1) ["categoryIds"]=> array(0) { } ["copyrightYear"]=> int(2018) ["issueId"]=> int(110) ["pages"]=> string(7) "59–68" ["abstract"]=> array(2) { ["en_US"]=> string(555) "

Technical evolution and assassination getting more and more frequent changed conception of theatre of war and therefore the task system of preparation for theatre of war. Aim of preparation for theatre of war stayed on to protect soundness, independence, population and possession of the country to support the act of defence forces following regulations. Subject study reviews former results of preparation for theatre of war, and introduces some construction methods for problems forms of new type of warfare taken in the 21st century.

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Technical evolution and assassination getting more and more frequent changed conception of theatre of war and therefore the task system of preparation for theatre of war. Aim of preparation for theatre of war stayed on to protect soundness, independence, population and possession of the country to support the act of defence forces following regulations. Subject study reviews former results of preparation for theatre of war, and introduces some construction methods for problems forms of new type of warfare taken in the 21st century.

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PDF (English)
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The voluntary rescue organizations cooperating with the professional disaster management organizations and accepting their leadership have a significant role in the quick and efficient elimination of the natural and manmade disasters. Most of these rescue organizations posses an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) that enable the immediate aerial reconnaissance and data collection at large-scale damages and flood protection tasks. The technical parameters of UAVs and the sensors and cameras they carry are constantly evolving. The "bird's-eye view" exploration reduces the intervention costs and gives a quick decision to the intervention managers.

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The voluntary rescue organizations cooperating with the professional disaster management organizations and accepting their leadership have a significant role in the quick and efficient elimination of the natural and manmade disasters. Most of these rescue organizations posses an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) that enable the immediate aerial reconnaissance and data collection at large-scale damages and flood protection tasks. The technical parameters of UAVs and the sensors and cameras they carry are constantly evolving. The "bird's-eye view" exploration reduces the intervention costs and gives a quick decision to the intervention managers.

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PDF (English)
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The transportation of hazardous substances in Hungary currently is accomplished in several different ways, out of which the transport of dangerous goods through pipelines is considered to be one of the most hazardous ways. According to the domestic industrial safety regulations the operators have to fulfill various responsibilities. In this paper - as the continutiation of the previous article - we are analising the fire extinguishing and related activities in case of a havaria incident during transport of materials on product pipelines.

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Magyarországon a veszélyes anyagok szállítása több lehetséges módon történik, amelyek közül a veszélyes áruk csővezetékes szállítása az egyik legveszélyesebbek közé tartozik. A hazai iparbiztonsági szabályozás alapján az üzemeltetők különböző kötelezettségekkel rendelkeznek. Jelen cikkben - a korábbi cikkünk folytatásaként - termék távvezetékeken történő késztermék és alapanyag szállításánál lehetséges havária eseménynél lévő tűzoltási tevékenységet elemezzük.

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PDF
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Resilience makes it possible to manage global challenges and risks in a more flexible way, which also facilitates continuous development. In this article the author first provides an overview of the key components of resilience and the most exigent questions regarding said components, then discusses international practices based on the experience of the past few years and the opinions of analysts and experts. After that, the focus shifts to the topic of resilience of essential systems and the extent of their vulnerability. Lastly, proposals are presented to increase the protection of critical infrastructure.

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Resilience makes it possible to manage global challenges and risks in a more flexible way, which also facilitates continuous development. In this article the author first provides an overview of the key components of resilience and the most exigent questions regarding said components, then discusses international practices based on the experience of the past few years and the opinions of analysts and experts. After that, the focus shifts to the topic of resilience of essential systems and the extent of their vulnerability. Lastly, proposals are presented to increase the protection of critical infrastructure.

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PDF (English)
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The one no two same damages in the life of firefighters. The firefighters has to prepare themselves for the most extreme conditions during them worktime, bacause they can’t know what can recive them on site. In the case of the intervention staff of disaster management, good physical fitness, endurance and health have a prominent role in maintaining professional quality of work. For the paper writing the author eximined and systematized the relationship beetwen the sport and the firemand work. In addition to reviewing literature, analyses and statistics closely related to the subject, the author has consulted members of the intervention staff of disaster management. The author aims are presenting the local disaster management compatitive sport and the firefigher sport.

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Nincs két ugyanolyan káresemény. A tűzoltóknak a legextrémebb körülményekre is fel kell készülniük a munkavégzésük során, hiszen sosem tudhatják, hogy adott riasztás esetén épp mivel találják magukat szemben a kárhelyszínen. A katasztrófavédelem beavatkozó állománya esetében kiemelten fontos szerepe van a megfelelő erőnlét, állóképesség, és egészég fenntartásának, a professzionális munkavégzés szinten tartása végett. A szerző a tanulmány megírásához a sport és a tűzoltói munkavégzés kapcsolatát vizsgálta, rendszerezte, és a hazánkban rendelkezésre álló lehetőségek bemutatását tűzte ki célul. A szakirodalmi anyagok és témakörhöz szorosan kapcsolódó elemzések, törvényi szabályozásokon túl a szerző a téma pontos megismeréséhez konzultációkat folytatott a katasztrófavédelem vonulós állományába szolgálatot ellátó személyekkel. A szerző célja a sport szerepének bemutatása a katasztrófavédelem beavatkozó állományának esetében és a hazai katasztrófavédelmi versenysport illetve tűzoltósport bemutatása, fontosságának érzékeltetése a katasztrófavédelem szervezetén belül.

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PDF
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From the point of view of the state’s operation it”s very important during investment projects that beyond the usual security special areas should be taken into account as well. Building, redecoration or any other kind of security protection investments of buildings owned by the state is followed by extraordinary attention not only from the side of media. Because of its character and function you have to pay special attention to these kind of projects from the beginning until the final touches. The author presents and describes special areas complementing the general object ensuring tasks by analysing the threats coming forward because of the building’s function.

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Az állam működése szempontjából kiemelkedően fontos létesítmények építőipari beruházásai során, elengedhetetlen a bevett gyakorlat szerinti biztosításon túlmenően, a speciális területek figyelembevétele is. A kormányzati objektumok építését, felújítását, ill. egyéb biztonságtechnikai beruházásait, soron kívüli érdeklődés övezi, és nem kizárólag a média által. Az épület jellege és funkciója miatt, fokozott figyelemmel kell kísérni az építési munkálatokat az alapozástól kezdve, a végső kivitelezésig bezárólag egyaránt. A szerző a cikkben bemutatja az általános objektumvédelmi feladatokat kiegészítő speciális területeket is, az épület funkciója következtében jelentkező fenyegetettség elemzése által.

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PDF

Az e-mobiltás biztonsági kérdései

Győrfi András
131–145.
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The propagation of electric vehicles is hampered by the batteries. Nowadays, battery manufacturing technologies can not approach the energy density of gasoline or gas oil because of their large space requirements and mass. Another disadvantage is high commodity and slow filling time. Electric car chargers are not the charging points that are fixed to walls or concrete, the charging device is in the electric car, called an on-board charger or charging controller. The on-board charger is a rather sophisticated and expensive electronic system that accepts and converts the electrical current that the charging points provide for charging the battery. Neither in the European Union nor in Hungary there is a uniform central regulation regarding the installation of electric vehicles. Because these vehicles contain a high voltage electrical system or a battery, it is important to understand the features and technical details of these components and their understanding of their operating principles. At the scene of an accident, the first and most important thing is to recognize the electric vehicle according to its characteristics, as this may not be the case for the passengers of the accident vehicle.

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Az elektromos járművek terjedését mondhatni az akkumulátorok gátolják. Napjainkban az akkumulátorgyártási technológiákkal nem lehet megközelíteni a benzin vagy a gázolaj energia-sűrűségét, mivel nagy a helyigényük és a tömegük. További hátrány a magas áruk és a lassú töltési idejük. Az elektromos járművek töltői nem azok a töltőpontok amiket falhoz vagy betonhoz rögzítve találunk, a töltőberendezés az elektromos autóban van, hívják fedélzeti töltőnek, vagy töltésvezérlőnek. A fedélzeti töltő egy meglehetősen bonyolult és drága elektronikus rendszer, amely fogadja és az akkumulátor töltéséhez megfelelően átalakítja azt az elektromos áramot, amit a töltőpontok biztosítanak. Sem az Európai Unióban, sem Magyarországon nem létezik egységes központi szabályozás az elektromos gépjárművek szerelését tekintve. Mivel e járművek magasfeszültségű elektromos rendszert, illetve akkumulátorokat tartalmaznak, ezért fontos ezen alkatrészek tulajdonságainak és műszaki adatainak ismerete, valamint működési elvük megértése. Egy baleset helyszínén az első és legfontosabb dolgunk, hogy felismerjük az elektromos járművet annak jellegzetességei alapján, hiszen erre a balesetet szenvedett jármű utasai nem minden esetben tudják felhívni a figyelmet.

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Knowing and using the terrain to one’s advantage is a fundamental prerequisite of any successful fighting. Thus, preparation for this cannot be started too early. Nowadays, when area defense receives special attention in Hungary, it is worth examining those historical examples that prove this thesis right. In the following, the validity of this thesis is demonstrated by the deeds of the poet and general Miklós Zrínyi, an outstanding figure of both Hungarian and European military history.

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A terep ismerete, felhasználása a harc sikeres megvívásának alapvető feltétele. Így az erre való felkészülést nem lehet elég korán elkezdeni. Ma, amikor a területvédelem újra kiemelt figyelmet kap hazánkban, érdemes felmutatni azokat a történelmi példákat, amelyek bizonyítják ennek a tételnek az igazát. A következőkben a magyar és európai hadtörténelem kiemelkedő alakja, a költő és hadvezér Zrínyi Miklós tettein keresztül mutatjuk be a hivatkozott tétel igazságát.

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The number of natural disasters and armed conflicts 164n the world is constantly increasing. Sudden disasters and wars affect millions of people every year. On several occasions, many decades of development work perishes due to these crises. Different challenges, norms and standards, and the resulting demands are diverse by geographical area. In order to respond to the large scale emergencies as quickly and efficiently as possible, standardized, sector-specific, rapid-response units are needed, that can be deployed anywhere in the world within a short period of time. The author analyses the unique capacitiy and technical background of the modular emergency response units of the international system of Red Cross.

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The number of natural disasters and armed conflicts 164n the world is constantly increasing. Sudden disasters and wars affect millions of people every year. On several occasions, many decades of development work perishes due to these crises. Different challenges, norms and standards, and the resulting demands are diverse by geographical area. In order to respond to the large scale emergencies as quickly and efficiently as possible, standardized, sector-specific, rapid-response units are needed, that can be deployed anywhere in the world within a short period of time. The author analyses the unique capacitiy and technical background of the modular emergency response units of the international system of Red Cross.

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The special intervention area of the firefighting units of the Disaster Management is to save life and material goods with rope backup. By analysing more than 19,000 data from 351 events over five years, a number of pro-fessional proposals can be formulated for regulation, preparation and equipment, thereby reinforcing the safety of the interveners. In addition to the statistical analysis, the study reviews and evaluates the current regulation of technical backups, the status of training and equipment. In the knowledge of Rope Rescue data, the author formu-lates suggestions that reduce the risk of an accident by the firefighter and the victim to be rescued.

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A Katasztrófavédelem tűzoltó egységeinek speciális beavatkozási területe a kötéltechnikai felszereléssel végzett élet- és anyagi javak mentése. Öt év, 351 esemény több mint 19.000 adatának statisztai elemzésével előremutató szakmai javaslatok fogalmazhatóak meg a szabályozás, a felkészítés és a felszereltség tekintetében, ezáltal erősítve a beavatkozók biztonságát. A tanulmány a statisztikai elemzésen túl, áttekinti és értékeli a kötéltechnikai mentések jelenlegi szabályozását, kiképzési hátterét és speciális eszközökkel való felszereltségének helyzetét. A szerző a mentési adatok ismeretében, a kötéltechnikai mentés  baleseti kockázatát csökkentő fejlesztési javaslatokat fogalmaz meg.

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As all of the academic disciplines, the theory of the management has evolutionary ages too. It isn’t a surprise, that the basic has been given by the classic school’s lores to the newly born theories, systems, schools in the global world from one to one. The study let insight to the life of a local police station from the basics across to the analysis of the Fayol’s management’s functions. In the study we can meet with the planning function, which are followed such an solution’s alternatives, and proposals, which could make the agency’s operability easier, which could grow the success next to the holding of the efficiency.

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Mint, ahogy minden tudományos diszciplínának, úgy a vezetés-, és szervezéselméletnek is vannak fejlődési korszakai. Bármilyen meglepő, a globális világban megjelenő új elméleteknek, rendszereknek, és iskoláknak az alapját is egytől-egyig a klasszikus iskola tanai fektették le. A tanulmány egészen a gyökerekig visszanyúlva Fayol vezetési funkcióinak elemzésén keresztül egy lokális (helyi) rendvédelmi szerv életébe enged betekintést. A tanulmányban a tervezés funkcióival ismerkedhetünk meg, amelyet olyan megoldási alternatívák, és javaslatok követnek, amelyek a hatékonyság megtartása mellett a szerv működőképességét megkönnyít(het)ik, eredményességét pedig megnövel(het)ik.

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Based on the UNHCR's data, the number of asylum seekers has radically increased worldwide in 2013. In 2012, the number of asylum seekers was 900,000, reaching 1,635,288 by the end of 2014. It soon became clear that the handling of masses moving in one direction is not suitable with current migration management tools. The causes of the migration crisis and the investigation of the solutions had begun. In addition, it was necessary to effectively handle people on the road. An important element of this task is obstructing uncontrolled movements and the development of controlled motion paths.

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Az ENSZ Menekültügyi Főbiztossága (UNHCR) adatai alapján 2013-ban világszerte radikálisan megnőtt a menedékkérők száma. Míg 2012-13 között a menedékkérők száma 900.000 fő alatt maradt, 2014-re elérte a rekordnak számító 1.635.288 főt. Hamar világossá vált, hogy a nagy létszámban, tervezetten egy irányban mozgó tömegek kezelésére az eddig használatos migrációkezelési eszközök, határellenőrzési, regisztrációs eljárások nem alkalmasak. A migrációs válság okainak, a hosszútávú megoldások lehetőségeinek vizsgálata bár megkezdődött, de emellett szükség volt a már úton lévő, nagyszámú embertömegek gyors, hatékony kezelésére is. Ennek a feladatnak egy igen fontos eleme a nem ellenőrzött mozgások akadályozása, az ellenőrzött mozgási útvonalak kialakítása, kikényszerítése.

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In the high-security facilities are used mainly the technical solutions of the shelters. As these high-security facilities have specially protecting capabilities among shelters, in these facilities are often applied different and special technical solutions. These technical solutions are sometimes unusual or complicated compared to the everyday engineering design. Applying these technical solutions can minimalize the risk of injuries or damages within the facilities. These solutions should be set up early, in the design requirements to help to the designers to apply them during the design stage.

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A nagy védőképességű védett létesítményekben döntő többségében az életvédelmi létesítményekben (óvóhelyeken) megszokott műszaki megoldásokat alkalmazzák. Mivel ezek a létesítmények fokozott védőképességűek az óvóhelyek között, így ezekben gyakoriak az eltérő műszaki megoldások is. Ezek a mindennapos, rutinszerű munkákhoz szokott mérnökök számára nem egyszer ismeretlen és bonyolult megoldások. Alkalmazásukkal a létesítmények és a bennük tartózkodók sérülési kockázatát minimalizálni lehet. Ezeket a megoldásokat már a tervezési követelményekben meg kell fogalmazni és a tervezőmérnököknek alkalmazniuk kell a munkájuk során.

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“Servamus vitam atque servimus”- “protect and save life”. The motto of Semmelweis University is an important idea, not only in the field of medicine, but it is a leading idea in case of any event or disaster endangering human life. Natural or man-made disasters may occur anywhere, any time, causing economic and environmental dam-ages, endangering human life. Globally about 200 million people are affected by disasters every year due to the deterioration of the environment, the effects of extreme weather conditions and the civilization disasters following technological development. In order to protect the universal right of the right to life and security each country shall protect their citizens.

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“Servamus vitam atque servimus”- “protect and save life”. The motto of Semmelweis University is an important idea, not only in the field of medicine, but it is a leading idea in case of any event or disaster endangering human life. Natural or man-made disasters may occur anywhere, any time, causing economic and environmental dam-ages, endangering human life. Globally about 200 million people are affected by disasters every year due to the deterioration of the environment, the effects of extreme weather conditions and the civilization disasters following technological development. In order to protect the universal right of the right to life and security each country shall protect their citizens.

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As a preliminary to my article I wrote about the history of hollow explosive charges, jet formation, and scaling of charges. My present paper deals with practical experiences, which shows how complex, manufacturing technology discipline is in the casting process. I examine the operation of the generated explosive bodies on metal targets, thereby testing their performance. The different charges performance from the melt cast explosives will be compared with pressed and plastic explosives in the following article.

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Cikkem előzményeként kisméretű öntött robbanóanyag töltetek gyártásáról írtam. Ebben összefoglaltam az öntött robbanóanyagok gyártási nehézségeit és sajátosságait. Jelen írásomban a vizsgálathoz felhasznált préselt és plasztikus robbanóanyagból készült "etalon" robbanótesteket ismertetem, valamint e kísérleti kumulatív töltetek, és a céltárgy felépítését. A kísérletek eredményeként a fém céltárgyakon mért eredményeket összesítem, összegzem.

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A vízbiztonság ökológiája

Némedi Nándor
299–309.
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Water is an essential component of all ecosystems, not just aquatic systems. The current concept of water security consists of multiple potentially competing objectives which could put humans against ecosystems. The definition balances the availability or provision of water and the management of water-related risks for both anthropogenic users and environment (also a water user). Along the two axes of supply and risk management, there are two further potential areas for conflict between humans and environment, those being what constitutes suitable quality and quantity of water. Balancing this multidimensional complex of objectives poses a significant challenge to water managers around the world. The author in this article argue that there are and will continue to be opportunities to optimize both the environmental and human aspects of water security; however, there are also times and places where this may be more challenging.

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A víz nem csak a vízi rendszerek, hanem minden ökoszisztéma lényeges összetevője. A vízbiztonság elmélete számos egymással potenciálisan versengő célkitűzést foglal magába, amely az emberiséget az ökoszisztémákkal szembe helyezi. A meghatározás egyensúlyra törekszik a víz rendelkezésre állása vagy elérhetősége és a vízhez kapcsolódó kockázatok kezelése között mind az emberi felhasználás, mind a környezet számára (beleértve a vízhasználót is). A vízügyi igazgatás ellátási és kockázatkezelési két tengelye mentén az emberiség és a környezet között két további potenciális ütközési terület van, ez a megfelelő vízminőség és vízmennyiség meghatározása. A célok e többdimenziós komplexumának a kiegyensúlyozása jelentős kihívást jelent a vízügyi mérnököknek a világ minden táján. A szerző ebben a cikkben amellett érvel, hogy van és lesz is lehetőség a vízbiztonság mindkét, a környezeti és az emberi szempontjának az optimalizálására; mindazonáltal, hogy vannak idők és helyek, ahol ez fokozott kihívást jelenthet.

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