Law Enforcement Agencies of the First Slovak Republic (1939–1945)

Abstract

Introduction: The establishment of the First Slovak Republic was a defining moment in the history of Central Europe. The formation of its law enforcement agencies was closely linked to the circumstances surrounding the creation of the state, the breakup of Czechoslovakia, and the influence of Nazi Germany.

Objective: The aim of this study is to present the circumstances surrounding the establishment of law enforcement organizations operating during the brief period of the first Slovak state's existence, between 1939 and 1945, and to describe their structure, function, operation, and tasks.

Method: The author conducted his research using Hungarian and Slovak-language literature, sources managed by the Museum of the Police Force of the Slovak Republic, monographs published by the Slovak National Memory Institute, and contemporary Slovak legislation.

Results: By examining the political, security, and ideological aspects of the establishment of the first Slovak state, the research provides a comprehensive picture of the period. It shows how internal political forces and external German pressure influenced each other, as well as the impact this had on the creation and subsequent operation of law enforcement organizations. The presentation of the State Security Center and the Hlinka Guard highlights the political functions of paramilitary organizations.

Conclusion: This basic research study can serve as a starting point for further research and contribute to the discourse on the history of the region, as well as being used in university courses. The analysis of the activities of the State Security Center and the Hlinka Guard helps to understand the spread of totalitarian systems in Central Europe and contributes to the exploration of the historical responsibility of law enforcement agencies.